食管癌手术死亡原因的探讨

目的为进一步降低手术死亡率，探讨不同时期的食管癌手术死亡原因。方法1984年6月至lop年6月手术切除食管瘤3927例。将前7年和后6年分为A、B两组，对比两组的手术死亡率和死亡原因。结果A组的手术死亡率为3．82％，主要死亡原因是吻合口瘘，占死亡率的50．6％。B组的手术死亡率为2．74％，主要死亡原因是呼吸循环衰竭，占死亡率的87．0％。结论降低手术死亡率的关键是掌握好手术指征，70岁以上合并多脏器疾病的晚期患者要特别慎重。努力提高吻合技术，减少吻合口瘘的发生率。颈部吻合可降低吻合口瘘的死亡率，提高食管癌手术的安全性。

Selective excitation and suppression of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering by shaping femtosecond pulses

Femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering （CARS） suffers from poor selectivity between neighbouring Raman levels due to the large bandwidth of the femtosecond pulses. This paper provides a new method to realize the selective excitation and suppression of femtosecond CARS by manipulating both the probe and pump （or Stokes） spectra. These theoretical results indicate that the CARS signals between neighbouring Raman levels are differentiated from their indistinguishable femtosecond CARS spectra by tailoring the probe spectrum, and then their selective excitation and suppression can be realized by supplementally manipulating the pump （or Stokes） spectrum with the π spectral phase step.

Scanning the energy dissipation process of energetic materials based on excited state relaxation and vibration–vibration coupling

The energy dissipation mechanism of energetic materials（EMs） is very important for keeping safety. We choose nitrobenzene as a model of EM and employ transient absorption（TA） spectroscopy and time-resolved coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering（CARS） to clarify its energy dissipation mechanism. The TA data confirms that the excited nitrobenzene spends about 16 ps finishing the twist intramolecular charge transfer from benzene to nitro group, and dissipates its energy through the rapid vibration relaxation in the initial excited state. And then the dynamics of vibrational modes（VMs） in the ground state of nitrobenzene, which are located at 682 cm^-1（v1）, 854 cm^-1（v2）, 1006 cm^-1（v3）, and 1023 cm^-1（v4）,is scanned by CARS. It exhibits that the excess energy of nitrobenzene on the ground state would further dissipate through intramolecular vibrational redistribution based on the vibrational cooling of vi and v2 modes, v1 and v4 modes, and v3 and v4 modes. Moreover, the vibration-vibration coupling depends not only on the energy levels of VMs, but also on the spatial position of chemical bonds relative to the VM.

试论河漫滩发育模式及其与气候变迁的关系

本文提出表达河漫滩发育特征的定量指标,并根据这一指标将河漫滩发育分为垂直加积型、过渡型和侧向加积型。在此基础上对河漫滩发育模式与河型特别是与气候因子的关系进行探讨。通过研究对河流发育过程中的古地理环境变迁作出一定的推论。从而对地质历史时期中区域环境的重建提供佐证。

Structural deformation of nitro group of nitromethane molecule in liquid phase in an intense femtosecond laser field

The structural deformation of NO2 group induced by an intense femtosecond laser field of liquid nitromethane（NM）molecule is detected by time-and frequency-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy（CARS） technique with the intense pump laser. Here, we present the mechanism of molecular alignment and deformation. The CARS spectra and its FFT spectra of liquid NM show that the NO2 torsional mode couples with the CN symmetric stretching mode and that the NO2 group undergoes ultrafast structural deformation with a relaxation time of 195 fs. The frequency of the NO2 torsional mode in liquid NM（50.8±0.3 cm^-1） at room temperature is found. Our results prove the structural deformation of two groups in liquid NM molecule occur simultaneously in the intense laser field.

分析化学理论与实验课程结合教学的改革思路

在2019年中共中央国务院《关于深化教育教学改革全面提高义务教育质量的意见》中,有很多可灵活应用于高等院校基础教育深化改革的工作中。分析化学作为一门基础和启蒙课程,亟需在教育改革若干意见的基础上,结合课程教学中出现的问题和经验,开拓解决问题或优化改革的新思路。本文针对如何将分析化学理论与实验课程有效结合的问题,结合具体课程内容,提出了相应的建议,而提及的改革思路仍需后续实战来验证。

张家港市1999年～2004年5岁以下儿童死亡监测情况分析

目的 了解张家港市5岁以下儿童死亡率,探讨死亡原因及发展趋势.方法 按《江苏省5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案》进行监测.结果 5岁以下儿童死亡以新生儿、婴儿为主,新生儿死亡原因中先天畸形上升为首位,1岁～4岁儿童死亡主要为意外死亡(溺水、交通).结论 新生儿时期是小儿死亡最多的年龄阶段,加强新生儿监护和保健,减少新生儿死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键.

High enhancement factor of Au nano triangular prism structure for surface enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy（CARS） is a well-known detecting tool in biosensing and nonlinear spectroscopy. It can provide a non-invasive alternative without the need for exogenous labels,while the enhancement factor for surface plasmon resonances（SPR） are extensively used to increase the local field close to the oscillators and which can obtain high enhancement. In this work, we investigate the enhancement factor of our structure for surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. The absorption spectrum of the structure has been studied, a wide range of absorption has been realized. The enhancement can be as high as 10^（16） over standard CARS. Our design is very useful for improving the enhancement factor of surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering.