Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focu...Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .展开更多
Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-f...Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-fuel based car-oriented solutions. The paper investigates a range of case studies where “tram-based boulevards” have been planned or implemented to provide such opportunities. The case studies share a common broader policy objective: to transform the car-oriented or car-saturated areas to an intensified urban template based on a critical presence of dedicated mid-tier transit infrastructure and active transport. “Trams”, or mid-tier, mid-capacity transit when combined with Transit oriented development (TOD) along whole corridors can provide transformative pathways towards zero-carbon outcomes as well as multiple, strong urban benefits. However, many successful or instructive examples of this practice from non-English speaking countries, particularly in Europe, are underdocumented in the international literature. The paper addresses this gap by investigating opportunities and challenges evident in a range of European case studies. These are explored for insight towards policy learning particularly in New World cities seeking to transform into a zero-carbon and more transit-oriented template: How can decision-makers avoid repeating the identified pitfalls, and instead focus on emulating the successful approaches and outcomes? We conclude the need for recognition of the inherent synergies between transport and land use settings in any endeavour, and their translation into policy priorities in both fields of planning. We also conclude the importance of decision makers proactively identifying and critically appraising specific opportunities for change, concerning funding, technology, public opinion, stakeholder alliances or market dynamics, and capitalising on them at suitable moments in time.展开更多
2023年欧洲肿瘤内科学会(European Society for Medical Oncology,ESMO)年会于2023年10月20日~24日在西班牙马德里隆重召开。本次大会报道多项食管癌领域的最新前沿研究。本文将从食管癌围手术期治疗和晚期食管癌药物治疗方面整理并解...2023年欧洲肿瘤内科学会(European Society for Medical Oncology,ESMO)年会于2023年10月20日~24日在西班牙马德里隆重召开。本次大会报道多项食管癌领域的最新前沿研究。本文将从食管癌围手术期治疗和晚期食管癌药物治疗方面整理并解读此次会议中食管癌的重要进展。展开更多
欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)...欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注度也越来越高。本文收集整理了1995年至2022年间WTO成员提出的与欧盟农药残留管控相关的“卫生与植物卫生措施特别贸易关注(specific trade concerns on sanitary and phytosanitary measures,SPS STCs)”议题,系统梳理了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注情况,包括关注议题数量、提出关注议题的成员、涉及的管控措施类型、产品种类及解决情况,总结分析了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的主要关注点,并尝试提出了相应的应对思考建议。展开更多
文摘Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .
文摘Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-fuel based car-oriented solutions. The paper investigates a range of case studies where “tram-based boulevards” have been planned or implemented to provide such opportunities. The case studies share a common broader policy objective: to transform the car-oriented or car-saturated areas to an intensified urban template based on a critical presence of dedicated mid-tier transit infrastructure and active transport. “Trams”, or mid-tier, mid-capacity transit when combined with Transit oriented development (TOD) along whole corridors can provide transformative pathways towards zero-carbon outcomes as well as multiple, strong urban benefits. However, many successful or instructive examples of this practice from non-English speaking countries, particularly in Europe, are underdocumented in the international literature. The paper addresses this gap by investigating opportunities and challenges evident in a range of European case studies. These are explored for insight towards policy learning particularly in New World cities seeking to transform into a zero-carbon and more transit-oriented template: How can decision-makers avoid repeating the identified pitfalls, and instead focus on emulating the successful approaches and outcomes? We conclude the need for recognition of the inherent synergies between transport and land use settings in any endeavour, and their translation into policy priorities in both fields of planning. We also conclude the importance of decision makers proactively identifying and critically appraising specific opportunities for change, concerning funding, technology, public opinion, stakeholder alliances or market dynamics, and capitalising on them at suitable moments in time.
文摘2023年欧洲肿瘤内科学会(European Society for Medical Oncology,ESMO)年会于2023年10月20日~24日在西班牙马德里隆重召开。本次大会报道多项食管癌领域的最新前沿研究。本文将从食管癌围手术期治疗和晚期食管癌药物治疗方面整理并解读此次会议中食管癌的重要进展。
文摘欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注度也越来越高。本文收集整理了1995年至2022年间WTO成员提出的与欧盟农药残留管控相关的“卫生与植物卫生措施特别贸易关注(specific trade concerns on sanitary and phytosanitary measures,SPS STCs)”议题,系统梳理了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注情况,包括关注议题数量、提出关注议题的成员、涉及的管控措施类型、产品种类及解决情况,总结分析了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的主要关注点,并尝试提出了相应的应对思考建议。
