Static Analysis of Eolic Blade through Finite Element Method and OOP C＋＋

This work deals with a description of an elastic analysis of eolic blade （preprocessing, processing and post-processing stages）. The eolic blade geometry is approximated by flat finite elements in which the membrane effects are evaluated using the FF （free formulation） finite element and the flexure effects are calculated using DKT （discrete shear triangle） finite element. The pre-processing stage is implemented using OpenGL library, to provide the graphical construction for geometry, mesh orientation, and other requirements of the finite element model. For the processing stage is built a specific dll （dynamic link library） library implemented in C＋＋ language for the FF and DKT elements analysis. The post-processing stage has been built using specific dialogs to present all results in the graphic interface, where the static displacements of the eolic blade model are shown.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF AXIAL FEED BAR ROLLING

A flexible technique of hot working of bars by axial feed rolling was introduced. The process deformation, strain field, stress field, and temperature fie M of the parts are analyzed by finite element method （ FEM）-simulation software DEFORM-3D. The material flow rule and tool load have been investigated.

Parametric Tool for Static and Dynamic Analysis of Wind Turbine Tower Using Finite Element Method

This work deals with a description of a parametric tool for elastic analysis of wind turbine tower, incorporating all analysis steps （preprocessing, processing and post-processing）. The tower geometry is approximated by fiat elements in which the membrane effects are evaluated using the FF （free formulation） finite element and the flexure effects are calculated using DKT （discrete shear triangle） finite element. The user-friendly system is implemented using OpenGL library to provide the graphical construction for geometry, mesh orientation, and other requirements of the finite element model. For the processing stage is built a specific dll library implemented in C＋＋ language for the analysis using the FF and DKT finite elements. The post-processing stage is build using specific dialogs box to present all results. The displacement results are visualized in the graphic interface to show the static and dynamic deformations of the tower. Some examples are presented to show all the tasks of the parametric tool.

A NOVEL APPROACH FOR THE PREDICTION OF SURFACE PROFILE OF OUTGOING WORKPIECE AND THE CALCULATION OF MEAN ROLL RADIUS IN ALLOY BAR ROLLING

In alloy bar rolling process, the component of alloyed steel influenced the spread coefficient greatly, therefore, the component influence coefficient m of different alloyed steel has been determined firstly to calculate the maximum spread. Then the curvature radius of stress free surface and the ＂critical point on the contact boundary＂ have been solved, the surface profile of outgoing workpiece has been obtained. Furthermore, the formula of the equivalent contact section area has been proposed and the mean roll radius has been calculated. The bar rolling experiment and the rigid-plastic FEM （finite element method） simulation have been carried out to verify the novel approach. Compared with experimental data and simulation results, the novel approach can be used in setting processing parameter and design of finishing groove.

Defects detection in typical positions of bend pipes using low-frequency ultrasonic guided wave

In order to analyze the possibility of detecting defects in bend pipe using low-frequency ultrasonic guided wave, the propagation of T(0,1) mode and L(0,2) mode through straight-curved-straight pipe sections was studied. FE(finite element) models of bend pipe without defects and those with defects were introduced to analyze energy distribution, mode transition and defect detection of ultrasonic guided wave. FE simulation results were validated by experiments of four different bend pipes with circumferential defects in different positions. It is shown that most energy of T(0,1) mode or L(0,2) mode focuses on extrados of bend but little passes through intrados of bend, and T(0,1) mode or L(0,2) mode is converted to other possible non-axisymmetric modes when propagating through the bend and the defect after bend respectively. Furthermore, L(0,2) mode is more sensitive to circumferential notch than T(0,1) mode. The results of this work are beneficial for practical testing of pipes.

Approach for electrodynamic force for compensation in low voltage circuit breaker WP 630-1.2 type

Undesirable repulsive force between contact members due to both a current path shrink near a real contact area and/or so-called pinch effect is particularly onerous for power switch applications, and results in either contact floating or bouncing which are associated with an electric arc following contact welding. This problem is of great importance for any circuit breaker especially for compact low voltage vacuum circuit breakers. To avoid contact floating at closure and during any inrush current under short circuit conditions, the electrodynamic repulsive force can be employed successfully if we use a special compensation system flexibly combined with the contact itself. However to select and design the compensation system properly, its efficiency has to be known. This paper presents an approach to obtain the electrodynamic force value depending on different shaped (rectangular, square, circle and arch) copper plates used in the compensator by using ANSYS for current values 40 kA RMS. Curve-fitting was done according to the calculating results, the optimization designing of compensation unit is based on them.

Development and Impact Behaviors of FRP Guarder Belt for Side Collision of Automobiles

In automobiles, the CFRP （carbon fiber reinforced plastics） has a possibility of weight reduction in automotive structures which can contribute to improve mileage and then reduce carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the safety of collision should be also made clear in the case of employing the CFRP to automotive structures. In this paper, the CFRP guarder belt equipped in the automotive door is developed and examined by an experiment and a numerical analysis for replacing the conventional steel door guarder beam. As the experimental relation of impact load to displacement for CFRP guarder belt agreed well with that of numerical result, the numerical method developed here is quite useful for estimating impact behaviors of CFRP guarder belt.

Structural Mechanics Analysis Using an FE-Mesh Adaption to Real, 3D Surface Detected Geometry Data

Within today＇s product development process, various FE-simulations （finite element） for the functional validation of the desired characteristics are made to avoid expensive testing with real components. Those simulations are performed with great effort for discretization, use of simulations conditions, like taking different non-linearities （i.e., material behavior, etc.） into account, to create meaningful results. Despite knowing the effects of deformations occurring during the production processes, always the non-deformed design model of a CAD-system （computer aided design） is used for the FE-simulations. It seems rather doubtful that further refinement of simulation methods makes sense, if the real manufactured geometry of the component is not considered for in the simulation. For an efficient exploit of the potential of simulation methods, an approach has been developed which offers a geometry model for simulation based on the existing CAD-model but with integrated production deviations as soon as a first prototype is at hand by adapting the FE-mesh to the real, 3D surface detected geometry.

Impact Dynamics on Granular Plate

In this paper, a theoretical and numerical study on the impact of a rubber solid on the free surface of a granular plate is presented, showing a simulation of an aircraft wheel on impact with a flexible landing surface. This physical action, when we use a theological approach, becomes a fundamental parameter to investigate wear and tear, and consequently strength to micro and macro pavements failure. The study has developed initially from a microscopic point of view and subsequently on macroscale. The effects are strictly linked with material degradation associated with damage evolution. The problem is developed by energetic approach on an elastic-plastic element using the functional energy containing two contributions, bulk and surface. The model simulates the behaviour of flexible runway pavements during the landing phase.

Modeling of Earth Magnetic Field Disturbances Induced by Ferromagnetic Objects

This paper presents the methodology and results of modelling of Earth magnetic field disturbances induced by ferromagnetic objects. The modeling was carried out using the finite elements calculations, and the results were compared with the measurements. The special test stand, consisting of magnetovision scanner and Helmholtz coils, has been used. The measurement system is able to measure the distribution of planar magnetic induction vectors, and to differentiate the sources of measured disturbances.

Narrowband PLC Channel Workbench to Emulate Transmission in Smart Grid

A real-time workbench able to reproduce the same behavior as an indoor network is in order. Such a tool will help researchers and industrials extend the smart grid technology indoors and have a better acknowledgment of Smart Grid systems interoperability. In order to develop such a tool many approaches should be studied to choose the most suitable one by comparing the models and the technologies. The considered hardware are the embedded systems and the selected approach is the statistical one. It appears that the FlR filter is the most pertinent approach.

Digital Simulation on Convergence Tendency between Southwest Tienshan and Pamirs-West Kunlun Systems and Its Significance

The collision between India plate and Eurasia continent 55 Ma ago caused the convergence between Southwest Tienshan and Pamirs tectonic systems, and conclusions by other researchers also suggest that the convergence will continue. Studies on the collision between these systems are helpful to the knowledge of the history and the tendency of the in-land tectonics since Cenozoic and are important in science and the real world as for environment changes, resources and energy reform, and forecast of earthquakes. For this reason, by means of digital modeling, on the basis of crustal shortening rate, crustal motion rate and data of physical properties of rocks, with the help of the FE （finite element） theory-based marc software, the United States, we address on the tendency of the convergence in this area in almost 10 Ma and draw a conclusion that the converged borders move northward and stretch southeast. The Southwest Tienshan will move more slowly and suffer less deformation than the Pamirs-West Kunlun （昆仑） system. The Pamirs-West Kunlun system will rotate counterclockwise while moving northward and extending westward.

A New FIR Filter for State Estimation and Its Application

This paper proposes a new FIR （finite impulse response） filter under a least squares criterion using a forgetting factor. The proposed FIR filter does not require information of the noise covariances as well as the initial state, and has some inherent properties such as time-invariance, unbiasedness and deadbeat. The proposed FIR filter is represented in a batch form and then a recursive form as an alternative form. Prom discussions about the choice of a forgetting factor and a window length, it is shown that they can be considered as useful parameters to make the estimation performance of the proposed FIR filter as good as possible. It is shown that the proposed FIR filter can outperform the existing FIR filter with incorrect noise covariances via computer simulations. Finally, as a useful application, an image sequence stabilization problem is considered. Through this application, the FIR filtering based approach is shown to be superior to the Kalman filtering based approach.