Haemophilus parasuis（HPS） is one of the most important bacterial infectious diseases harming China＇s pig industry for the last few years.To understand the prevalence status of glasser＇s disease in China, the disea...Haemophilus parasuis（HPS） is one of the most important bacterial infectious diseases harming China＇s pig industry for the last few years.To understand the prevalence status of glasser＇s disease in China, the disease samples submitted by Shandong, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Liaon-ing, Guangdong, Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces were isolated and identified. The synovial fluid, lung, brain tissue, heart blood and nasal cavity ofsick pigs in 194 pig farms collected from 2006 to 2009 were detected, and 47 strains of HPS were eventually isolated, with the separation rate of24.2%. Serotypes of the isolates were identified through KRG （Kieletein-Rapp-Gabriedson） agar diffusion method. There were 13 strains of serotype4 （27.7%）, 10 strains of serotype 5 （21.3%）, 8 strains of serotype 12 （17%） and7 strains of serotype 13 （14.9%）, indicating the major serotypes ofHPS in China were serotype 4, serotype 5, serotype 12 and serotype 13.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to establish an indirect ELISA for detection on antibody of Hps. [Method] The optimal conditions of indirect ELISA were selected and determined based on heat-resistant serotype 4 and 5 of Hps; s...[Objective]The aim was to establish an indirect ELISA for detection on antibody of Hps. [Method] The optimal conditions of indirect ELISA were selected and determined based on heat-resistant serotype 4 and 5 of Hps; specific,repeating and sensitive tests were conducted and 200 serums were detected. [Result]The optimal conditions were as follows： coating concentration of antigen at 10 μg /ml,and coating for 2 h at 37 °C; PBST containing 20 g /L of skim milk powder as blocking fluid for 30 min; serum dilution at 1∶ 80; reaction time of antigen for 45 min; dilution of secondary antibody at 1∶ 12 000 and effecting for 30 min; color development reaction for 15 min. [Conclusion] The established indirect ELISA is good in specificity and repetitiveness with higher sensitivity than that of indirect hemagglutination test; the results of clinic samples （ negative /positive serums） were in consistent with those detected with foreign ELISA kits. The established method can be made use of in serum antibody of Hps de- tection and seroepidemiology study.展开更多
With the energy and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, human power, as a pervasive, renewable, mobile and environment friendly energy, draws more and more attention over the world. In this paper, th...With the energy and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, human power, as a pervasive, renewable, mobile and environment friendly energy, draws more and more attention over the world. In this paper, the most basic features of human power are presented. The currently available human power harvesting theories and devices are briefly reviewed and compared. Further, direct or indirect utilization of human power in daily life, especially transportation and home appliances, such as human-powered car, watercraft, air- craft, washing machine and television etc. are summarized. Considering that the total energy from an individual is rather limited, as previously focused by most of the former works, it is conceived in this paper that an important future for large scale use of human powers lies in the efficient conversion, collection and storage of such energy from discrete people and then use it later on as desired. With the huge amount of energy gathered, the application category of human power would be significantly expended. Starting from this point, three technical ways towards efficiently utilizing human power are sketched, which are termed as human-powered grid （HPG）, human-powered charger （HPC） and human-powered storage （HPS）, among which, HPG is capable of collecting the electric power produced by each individual at different regions and thus can supply unique and flexible power to the customers covered in the area, without relying on the conventional electricity grid. The HPC can then charge various kinds of electrical devices instantly by a human driven generator which converts human power into electricity. Finally, the HPS can store electricity in time for later use. In this way, even for the devices requiring electricity that is strong enough, the collected human power can also serve as its reliable energy source. Meanwhile, utilization of human power becomes rather convenient and timely which guarantees its practical value. It is expected that with further research and increasing applications, human power could partially relieve the current global electricity shortage and environmental issues via its pervasive contribution.展开更多
文摘Haemophilus parasuis（HPS） is one of the most important bacterial infectious diseases harming China＇s pig industry for the last few years.To understand the prevalence status of glasser＇s disease in China, the disease samples submitted by Shandong, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Liaon-ing, Guangdong, Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces were isolated and identified. The synovial fluid, lung, brain tissue, heart blood and nasal cavity ofsick pigs in 194 pig farms collected from 2006 to 2009 were detected, and 47 strains of HPS were eventually isolated, with the separation rate of24.2%. Serotypes of the isolates were identified through KRG （Kieletein-Rapp-Gabriedson） agar diffusion method. There were 13 strains of serotype4 （27.7%）, 10 strains of serotype 5 （21.3%）, 8 strains of serotype 12 （17%） and7 strains of serotype 13 （14.9%）, indicating the major serotypes ofHPS in China were serotype 4, serotype 5, serotype 12 and serotype 13.
基金funded by Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Dahuanong Animal Health Products CO. LTD.(033A201055-2)
文摘[Objective]The aim was to establish an indirect ELISA for detection on antibody of Hps. [Method] The optimal conditions of indirect ELISA were selected and determined based on heat-resistant serotype 4 and 5 of Hps; specific,repeating and sensitive tests were conducted and 200 serums were detected. [Result]The optimal conditions were as follows： coating concentration of antigen at 10 μg /ml,and coating for 2 h at 37 °C; PBST containing 20 g /L of skim milk powder as blocking fluid for 30 min; serum dilution at 1∶ 80; reaction time of antigen for 45 min; dilution of secondary antibody at 1∶ 12 000 and effecting for 30 min; color development reaction for 15 min. [Conclusion] The established indirect ELISA is good in specificity and repetitiveness with higher sensitivity than that of indirect hemagglutination test; the results of clinic samples （ negative /positive serums） were in consistent with those detected with foreign ELISA kits. The established method can be made use of in serum antibody of Hps de- tection and seroepidemiology study.
文摘With the energy and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, human power, as a pervasive, renewable, mobile and environment friendly energy, draws more and more attention over the world. In this paper, the most basic features of human power are presented. The currently available human power harvesting theories and devices are briefly reviewed and compared. Further, direct or indirect utilization of human power in daily life, especially transportation and home appliances, such as human-powered car, watercraft, air- craft, washing machine and television etc. are summarized. Considering that the total energy from an individual is rather limited, as previously focused by most of the former works, it is conceived in this paper that an important future for large scale use of human powers lies in the efficient conversion, collection and storage of such energy from discrete people and then use it later on as desired. With the huge amount of energy gathered, the application category of human power would be significantly expended. Starting from this point, three technical ways towards efficiently utilizing human power are sketched, which are termed as human-powered grid （HPG）, human-powered charger （HPC） and human-powered storage （HPS）, among which, HPG is capable of collecting the electric power produced by each individual at different regions and thus can supply unique and flexible power to the customers covered in the area, without relying on the conventional electricity grid. The HPC can then charge various kinds of electrical devices instantly by a human driven generator which converts human power into electricity. Finally, the HPS can store electricity in time for later use. In this way, even for the devices requiring electricity that is strong enough, the collected human power can also serve as its reliable energy source. Meanwhile, utilization of human power becomes rather convenient and timely which guarantees its practical value. It is expected that with further research and increasing applications, human power could partially relieve the current global electricity shortage and environmental issues via its pervasive contribution.
