To study the antiviral effect of Hypericum perforatum L. extract （HPE） on influenza A virus （IAV） （H1N1） in vitro and in vivo. Cytopathic effect （CPE） and neutral red （NR） dye uptake were used to examine the...To study the antiviral effect of Hypericum perforatum L. extract （HPE） on influenza A virus （IAV） （H1N1） in vitro and in vivo. Cytopathic effect （CPE） and neutral red （NR） dye uptake were used to examine the antiviral effect of HPE on Madin Darby Canine Kidney （MDCK） cells which were infected with IAV in vitro HPE was effective against influenza A virus （IAV） in vitro, with a 50% effective concentration （EC50） of 40 ug/mL, The mean 50% cytotoxic concentration （CC50） in the MDCK used in these experiments was 1.5 mg/mL. Ribavirin was run in parallel with EC50 values of 5.0 ug/mL; the mean CC50 for ribavirin was 520 ug/mL. Oral gavage administrations of HPE or ribavirin to mice infected with the IAV were highly effective in preventing death, slowing the decline of arterial oxygen saturation, inhibiting lung consolidation and reducing lung virus titers. The minimum effective dose of HPE in these studies was 31.25 mg/kg/day, which was administered twice daily for 5 d beginning 4 h prior to virus exposure. Below a dosage of 2000 mg/kg/day, almost all treated mice survived, which suggests that HPE is of low toxicity. Ribavirin＇s minimum effective dose was 40 mg/kg/day with the LDso determined to be 200 mg/kg/day. Delay of the initiation of either HPE or ribavirin therapy, using approximately 1/3 LD50 dose each time, could still be protective as late as 48 h after exposure to the IAV. While both agents appeared to have similar efficacy against IAV infections, HPE was considered to be less toxic and may warrant further evaluation as a possible therapy for influenza.展开更多
流行性感冒(简称“流感”)是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染疾病,据世界卫生组织统计,流感每年可导致300万~500万严重病例,其中29万~65万病例死亡,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,是一个世界性的公共卫生难题。研究发现宿主细胞中存在多条...流行性感冒(简称“流感”)是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染疾病,据世界卫生组织统计,流感每年可导致300万~500万严重病例,其中29万~65万病例死亡,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,是一个世界性的公共卫生难题。研究发现宿主细胞中存在多条信号通路参与对流感病毒感染的应答,越来越多的研究表明宿主miRNAs通过直接或间接的方式,在流感病毒感染、复制的不同阶段发挥着重要调控作用。本文综合分析了目前关于宿主细胞miRNA对流感病毒复制调控的研究进展,对不同的miRNA具体的调控机制进行系统地归类总结后发现:甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)的PB1、PB2、NA、NP、M1基因是宿主miRNA直接抑制病毒复制的主要靶基因,而在间接调控过程中宿主miRNA主要作用在RIG-I样受体信号通路,Jak-STAT信号通路和Toll样受体信号通路三条流感病毒应答信号途径中,以上发现将更有助于全面理解宿主miRNA对于流感病毒调控网络和宿主细胞与流感病毒的互作机制。展开更多
甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,IAV)对全人类的健康构成了持续性威胁,感染时会引发炎症性疾病。NOD样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体是一种天然免疫系统传感器,与甲型流感病毒感染引发的炎症反应相关。在宿主...甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,IAV)对全人类的健康构成了持续性威胁,感染时会引发炎症性疾病。NOD样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体是一种天然免疫系统传感器,与甲型流感病毒感染引发的炎症反应相关。在宿主细胞被甲型流感病毒感染时,能够激活NLRP3炎性小体,促使pro-IL-1β和pro-IL-18剪切成熟的IL-1β和IL-18并分泌至胞外,进而引发炎症反应。研究表明,NLRP3炎性小体对于在甲型流感病毒感染期间诱导先天性免疫应答至关重要,并且由甲型流感病毒感染引发过度激活的NLRP3炎性小体与细胞因子风暴和不受控制的炎症反应有关。本文回顾了甲型流感病毒与NLRP3炎性小体之间关系的研究进展,并讨论了NLRP3炎性小体在甲型流感病毒致病机理中的保护作用和致病作用。展开更多
基金One Hundred Person Project of The Chinese Academy of Sciences (2008-287) The Project of Basic Scientific Research Fund for Central Public-Welfare of Institute of Sciences (BRF070402).
文摘To study the antiviral effect of Hypericum perforatum L. extract （HPE） on influenza A virus （IAV） （H1N1） in vitro and in vivo. Cytopathic effect （CPE） and neutral red （NR） dye uptake were used to examine the antiviral effect of HPE on Madin Darby Canine Kidney （MDCK） cells which were infected with IAV in vitro HPE was effective against influenza A virus （IAV） in vitro, with a 50% effective concentration （EC50） of 40 ug/mL, The mean 50% cytotoxic concentration （CC50） in the MDCK used in these experiments was 1.5 mg/mL. Ribavirin was run in parallel with EC50 values of 5.0 ug/mL; the mean CC50 for ribavirin was 520 ug/mL. Oral gavage administrations of HPE or ribavirin to mice infected with the IAV were highly effective in preventing death, slowing the decline of arterial oxygen saturation, inhibiting lung consolidation and reducing lung virus titers. The minimum effective dose of HPE in these studies was 31.25 mg/kg/day, which was administered twice daily for 5 d beginning 4 h prior to virus exposure. Below a dosage of 2000 mg/kg/day, almost all treated mice survived, which suggests that HPE is of low toxicity. Ribavirin＇s minimum effective dose was 40 mg/kg/day with the LDso determined to be 200 mg/kg/day. Delay of the initiation of either HPE or ribavirin therapy, using approximately 1/3 LD50 dose each time, could still be protective as late as 48 h after exposure to the IAV. While both agents appeared to have similar efficacy against IAV infections, HPE was considered to be less toxic and may warrant further evaluation as a possible therapy for influenza.
文摘流行性感冒(简称“流感”)是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染疾病,据世界卫生组织统计,流感每年可导致300万~500万严重病例,其中29万~65万病例死亡,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,是一个世界性的公共卫生难题。研究发现宿主细胞中存在多条信号通路参与对流感病毒感染的应答,越来越多的研究表明宿主miRNAs通过直接或间接的方式,在流感病毒感染、复制的不同阶段发挥着重要调控作用。本文综合分析了目前关于宿主细胞miRNA对流感病毒复制调控的研究进展,对不同的miRNA具体的调控机制进行系统地归类总结后发现:甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)的PB1、PB2、NA、NP、M1基因是宿主miRNA直接抑制病毒复制的主要靶基因,而在间接调控过程中宿主miRNA主要作用在RIG-I样受体信号通路,Jak-STAT信号通路和Toll样受体信号通路三条流感病毒应答信号途径中,以上发现将更有助于全面理解宿主miRNA对于流感病毒调控网络和宿主细胞与流感病毒的互作机制。
文摘甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,IAV)对全人类的健康构成了持续性威胁,感染时会引发炎症性疾病。NOD样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体是一种天然免疫系统传感器,与甲型流感病毒感染引发的炎症反应相关。在宿主细胞被甲型流感病毒感染时,能够激活NLRP3炎性小体,促使pro-IL-1β和pro-IL-18剪切成熟的IL-1β和IL-18并分泌至胞外,进而引发炎症反应。研究表明,NLRP3炎性小体对于在甲型流感病毒感染期间诱导先天性免疫应答至关重要,并且由甲型流感病毒感染引发过度激活的NLRP3炎性小体与细胞因子风暴和不受控制的炎症反应有关。本文回顾了甲型流感病毒与NLRP3炎性小体之间关系的研究进展,并讨论了NLRP3炎性小体在甲型流感病毒致病机理中的保护作用和致病作用。
