Total saponins of Panax notoginseng （PNS） have been shown to ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rg 1, a panaxatriol saponin, is one of the major active molecules from PNS. The present study was unde...Total saponins of Panax notoginseng （PNS） have been shown to ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rg 1, a panaxatriol saponin, is one of the major active molecules from PNS. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rgl on renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction （UUO）. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups： sham-operation （n=15）, UUO （n=15） and UUO with ginsenoside Rgl treatment （n=15, 50 mg per kg body weight, intraperitoneally （i.p.） injected）. The rats were sacrificed on Days 7 and 14 after the surgery. Histological examination demonstrated that ginsenoside Rgl significantly inhibited interstitial fibrosis including tubular injury as well as collagen deposition, u-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and E-cadherin are two markers of tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transition （TEMT）. Interestingly, ginsenoside Rgl notably decreased α-SMA expression and simultaneously enhanced E-cadherin expression. The messenger RNA （mRNA） of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）, a key mediator to regulate TEMT, in the obstructed kidney increased dramatically, but was found to decrease significantly after administration of ginsenoside Rg 1. Further study showed that ginsenoside Rgl considerably decreased the levels of both active TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2 （pSmad2）. Moreover, ginsenoside Rgl substantially suppressed the expression of thrombospondin-1 （TSP-1）, a cytokine which can promote the transcription of TGF-β1 mRNA and the activation of latent TGF-β1. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rgl inhibits renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO. The mechanism might be partly related to the blocking of TEMT via suppressing the expression of TSP-1.展开更多
利用常规探测资料、自动站资料,对陕西2007年11月12~16日大范围持续性大雾产生的天气背景、温湿条件和大气层结等特征进行分析。结果表明,前期500 h Pa陕西为西西北气流,地面为均压场控制,辐射降温有利于近地层水汽凝结成雾;后期陕西处...利用常规探测资料、自动站资料,对陕西2007年11月12~16日大范围持续性大雾产生的天气背景、温湿条件和大气层结等特征进行分析。结果表明,前期500 h Pa陕西为西西北气流,地面为均压场控制,辐射降温有利于近地层水汽凝结成雾;后期陕西处于高压前部等压线较密集区,形成锋前雾;1~4 m/s的地面风速、低层弱的垂直速度是这次雾形成的动力条件;上干下湿的高低空配置是大雾发生的水汽条件;大气层结稳定,低层有逆温、稳定少动的暖盖,阻碍低层水汽向上扩散,有利于大雾发生。展开更多
基金Project (No. 30170437) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Total saponins of Panax notoginseng （PNS） have been shown to ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rg 1, a panaxatriol saponin, is one of the major active molecules from PNS. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rgl on renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction （UUO）. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups： sham-operation （n=15）, UUO （n=15） and UUO with ginsenoside Rgl treatment （n=15, 50 mg per kg body weight, intraperitoneally （i.p.） injected）. The rats were sacrificed on Days 7 and 14 after the surgery. Histological examination demonstrated that ginsenoside Rgl significantly inhibited interstitial fibrosis including tubular injury as well as collagen deposition, u-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and E-cadherin are two markers of tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transition （TEMT）. Interestingly, ginsenoside Rgl notably decreased α-SMA expression and simultaneously enhanced E-cadherin expression. The messenger RNA （mRNA） of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）, a key mediator to regulate TEMT, in the obstructed kidney increased dramatically, but was found to decrease significantly after administration of ginsenoside Rg 1. Further study showed that ginsenoside Rgl considerably decreased the levels of both active TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2 （pSmad2）. Moreover, ginsenoside Rgl substantially suppressed the expression of thrombospondin-1 （TSP-1）, a cytokine which can promote the transcription of TGF-β1 mRNA and the activation of latent TGF-β1. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rgl inhibits renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO. The mechanism might be partly related to the blocking of TEMT via suppressing the expression of TSP-1.
文摘利用常规探测资料、自动站资料,对陕西2007年11月12~16日大范围持续性大雾产生的天气背景、温湿条件和大气层结等特征进行分析。结果表明,前期500 h Pa陕西为西西北气流,地面为均压场控制,辐射降温有利于近地层水汽凝结成雾;后期陕西处于高压前部等压线较密集区,形成锋前雾;1~4 m/s的地面风速、低层弱的垂直速度是这次雾形成的动力条件;上干下湿的高低空配置是大雾发生的水汽条件;大气层结稳定,低层有逆温、稳定少动的暖盖,阻碍低层水汽向上扩散,有利于大雾发生。
