Mass concentration and isotopic values δ13C and 14C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon （WIRC） component of total suspended particulates （TSP）, collected weekly during 2003, as well as from Oc...Mass concentration and isotopic values δ13C and 14C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon （WIRC） component of total suspended particulates （TSP）, collected weekly during 2003, as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt. Waliguan （WLG） site. The overall average WlRC mass concentration was （1183 ± 120）ng/m3 （n = 79）, while seasonal averages were 2081 ± 1707 （spring）, 454±205 （summer）, 650 ±411 （autumn）, and 1019 ± 703 （winter） ng/m3. Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer, although WIRC concentrations were typically higher, especially in winter and spring. The δ13C PDB value （-25.3 ± 0.8）%0 determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C3 biomass or fossil fuel combustion. No seasonal change in δ13C PDB was evident. The average percent Modern Carbon （pMC） for 14C in WIRC for winter and spring was （67.2 ± 7.7）% （n = 29）. Lower pMC values were associated with air masses trans- ported from the area east of WLG, while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau, southwest of WLG. Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event.展开更多
The weekly averages of near-surface 7Be,210Pb,O 3,and CO2 concentrations at the Global Atmospheric Watch Observatory,Mt.Waliguan(101.98°E,36.287°N,3810 m a.s.l.) ,from October 2002 to January 2004 are presen...The weekly averages of near-surface 7Be,210Pb,O 3,and CO2 concentrations at the Global Atmospheric Watch Observatory,Mt.Waliguan(101.98°E,36.287°N,3810 m a.s.l.) ,from October 2002 to January 2004 are presented.With the establishment of the new datasets of DCCW(Differential Concentrations in Contiguous Weeks) of 7Be,210Pb,and O 3,CO2(Δ7Be,Δ210Pb,ΔO3,ΔCO2,respectively,the impacts of upper-level downward transports and land-surface emissions on O3 and CO2 concentrations are implied by 7Be and 210Pb being as independent tracers.The relations amongΔ7Be,Δ210Pb,andΔO 3,ΔCO2 are examined statistically and compared.The results indicate that with the DCCWs,the interferences with the tracing significance of 7 Be and 210Pb from the seasonal wet scavenging of atmospheric aerosol are greatly reduced,and the weighting sources of O 3 or CO2 variations are more pronounced.Basically,the variability of surface O3 is controlled predominately by air mass transported from the upper atmosphere levels while the emission from the Continent Boundary Layer(CBL) has an obvious input for CO2.The relation betweenΔ210Pb andΔO3 reflects that influences of CBL emission are generally positive/negative for surface O3 budget in summer/winter,and the relation ofΔ7Be andΔCO2 also reveals that upper level downward transport has positive/negative inputs for CO2 in summer/winter.With the highly correlated relations between 7 Be and O3,a quantitative estimation is made of the stratospheric contributions to the budget of surface O3 at WLG:the monthly averages of stratospheric O3 range from 6×10 -9 to 8×10 -9(volume mixing ratio) in April and from June to August,and 2×10 -9 to 4×10 -9 in the remaining months.For the ultimate sources of the baseline concentration of surface O3,which consist of only stratospheric transport and tropospheric photochemistry production,the contribution from stratospheric transport is estimated to be about 20×10 -9 from May to July,and(12-15) ×10 -9 in the remaining months,and the total relative contribution rate is about 35%to 40%.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grant Nos.411751154083010240575013 and 40175032)
文摘Mass concentration and isotopic values δ13C and 14C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon （WIRC） component of total suspended particulates （TSP）, collected weekly during 2003, as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt. Waliguan （WLG） site. The overall average WlRC mass concentration was （1183 ± 120）ng/m3 （n = 79）, while seasonal averages were 2081 ± 1707 （spring）, 454±205 （summer）, 650 ±411 （autumn）, and 1019 ± 703 （winter） ng/m3. Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer, although WIRC concentrations were typically higher, especially in winter and spring. The δ13C PDB value （-25.3 ± 0.8）%0 determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C3 biomass or fossil fuel combustion. No seasonal change in δ13C PDB was evident. The average percent Modern Carbon （pMC） for 14C in WIRC for winter and spring was （67.2 ± 7.7）% （n = 29）. Lower pMC values were associated with air masses trans- ported from the area east of WLG, while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau, southwest of WLG. Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40575013,40175032 and 40830102)
文摘The weekly averages of near-surface 7Be,210Pb,O 3,and CO2 concentrations at the Global Atmospheric Watch Observatory,Mt.Waliguan(101.98°E,36.287°N,3810 m a.s.l.) ,from October 2002 to January 2004 are presented.With the establishment of the new datasets of DCCW(Differential Concentrations in Contiguous Weeks) of 7Be,210Pb,and O 3,CO2(Δ7Be,Δ210Pb,ΔO3,ΔCO2,respectively,the impacts of upper-level downward transports and land-surface emissions on O3 and CO2 concentrations are implied by 7Be and 210Pb being as independent tracers.The relations amongΔ7Be,Δ210Pb,andΔO 3,ΔCO2 are examined statistically and compared.The results indicate that with the DCCWs,the interferences with the tracing significance of 7 Be and 210Pb from the seasonal wet scavenging of atmospheric aerosol are greatly reduced,and the weighting sources of O 3 or CO2 variations are more pronounced.Basically,the variability of surface O3 is controlled predominately by air mass transported from the upper atmosphere levels while the emission from the Continent Boundary Layer(CBL) has an obvious input for CO2.The relation betweenΔ210Pb andΔO3 reflects that influences of CBL emission are generally positive/negative for surface O3 budget in summer/winter,and the relation ofΔ7Be andΔCO2 also reveals that upper level downward transport has positive/negative inputs for CO2 in summer/winter.With the highly correlated relations between 7 Be and O3,a quantitative estimation is made of the stratospheric contributions to the budget of surface O3 at WLG:the monthly averages of stratospheric O3 range from 6×10 -9 to 8×10 -9(volume mixing ratio) in April and from June to August,and 2×10 -9 to 4×10 -9 in the remaining months.For the ultimate sources of the baseline concentration of surface O3,which consist of only stratospheric transport and tropospheric photochemistry production,the contribution from stratospheric transport is estimated to be about 20×10 -9 from May to July,and(12-15) ×10 -9 in the remaining months,and the total relative contribution rate is about 35%to 40%.
