By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets(1 000 to 10 hPa,2.5°× 2.5°),the thermal forcing impacts are analyzed of an easterly vortex(shortened as EV) over the tropical upper troposphere on the qua...By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets(1 000 to 10 hPa,2.5°× 2.5°),the thermal forcing impacts are analyzed of an easterly vortex(shortened as EV) over the tropical upper troposphere on the quasi-horizontal movement of the Western Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone(shortened as WPS A) during 22-25 June 2003.The relevant mechanisms are discussed as well.It is shown that the distribution and intensity of the non-adiabatic effect near the EV result in the anomalous eastward retreat of the WPSA.The WPSA prefers extending to the colder region,i.e.,it moves toward the region in which the non-adiabatic heating is weakening or the cooling is strengthening.During the WPSA retreat,the apparent changes of non-adiabatic heating illustrate the characteristics of enhanced cooling in the east side of the EV.Meanwhile,the cooling in the west side exhibits a weakened eastward trend,most prominently at 300 hPa in the troposphere.The evidence on the factors causing the change in thermal condition is found:the most important contribution to the heating-rate trend is the vertical transport term,followed in turn by the local change in the heating rate term and the horizontal advection term.As a result,the atmospheric non-adiabatic heating generated by the vertical transport and local change discussed above is mainly connected to the retreat of the WPSA.展开更多
By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data （1000-10 hPa, 2.5°×2.5°）, the impact of the vortex in the easterlies （EV） over the tropical upper troposphere on the zonal movement of the western Pacific ...By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data （1000-10 hPa, 2.5°×2.5°）, the impact of the vortex in the easterlies （EV） over the tropical upper troposphere on the zonal movement of the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone （WPSA） during 19-25 June 2003 is analyzed in this paper. It is shown that the EV can extend from middle troposphere to the height of 50 hPa, reaching a maximum at 200 hPa. The vertical thermal distribution appears to be ＂warmer in the upper layer and colder in the lower layer＂. The WPSA retreats eastward abnormally when the EV and the vortex in the westerlies （WV） encounter around the same longitude while they move toward each other. It is also shown that the vorticity variation extends from the troposphere to the height of 50 hPa, with the most prominent change occurring at 200 hPa by the diagnostic analyses of the vertical vorticity equation. The WPSA appears to retreat abnormally eastward while the negative/positive vorticity change becomes stronger near the east/west side of the EV, and the areas with positive vorticity tendency both in the EV and WV join together into one belt along 130°E during the process of the EV and the WV moving toward each other. In the vorticity equation, the positive contribution caused by the horizontal advection term is the maximum, and the minimum is caused by theβ effect. It is also found that enhanced horizontal vorticity advection andβ effect, as well as the ＂barotropic development＂ resulted from the in-phase superposition of the southerly and the northerly winds in the easterlies and westerlies near 130~E, are in agreement with the WPSA eastward retreat.展开更多
基金LASW State Key Laboratory Special Fund(2014LASW-A03)National Science Foundation of China(41475041)
文摘By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets(1 000 to 10 hPa,2.5°× 2.5°),the thermal forcing impacts are analyzed of an easterly vortex(shortened as EV) over the tropical upper troposphere on the quasi-horizontal movement of the Western Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone(shortened as WPS A) during 22-25 June 2003.The relevant mechanisms are discussed as well.It is shown that the distribution and intensity of the non-adiabatic effect near the EV result in the anomalous eastward retreat of the WPSA.The WPSA prefers extending to the colder region,i.e.,it moves toward the region in which the non-adiabatic heating is weakening or the cooling is strengthening.During the WPSA retreat,the apparent changes of non-adiabatic heating illustrate the characteristics of enhanced cooling in the east side of the EV.Meanwhile,the cooling in the west side exhibits a weakened eastward trend,most prominently at 300 hPa in the troposphere.The evidence on the factors causing the change in thermal condition is found:the most important contribution to the heating-rate trend is the vertical transport term,followed in turn by the local change in the heating rate term and the horizontal advection term.As a result,the atmospheric non-adiabatic heating generated by the vertical transport and local change discussed above is mainly connected to the retreat of the WPSA.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40875030Heavy Rain Opening Foun-dation under Grant No. IHR2005K04
文摘By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data （1000-10 hPa, 2.5°×2.5°）, the impact of the vortex in the easterlies （EV） over the tropical upper troposphere on the zonal movement of the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone （WPSA） during 19-25 June 2003 is analyzed in this paper. It is shown that the EV can extend from middle troposphere to the height of 50 hPa, reaching a maximum at 200 hPa. The vertical thermal distribution appears to be ＂warmer in the upper layer and colder in the lower layer＂. The WPSA retreats eastward abnormally when the EV and the vortex in the westerlies （WV） encounter around the same longitude while they move toward each other. It is also shown that the vorticity variation extends from the troposphere to the height of 50 hPa, with the most prominent change occurring at 200 hPa by the diagnostic analyses of the vertical vorticity equation. The WPSA appears to retreat abnormally eastward while the negative/positive vorticity change becomes stronger near the east/west side of the EV, and the areas with positive vorticity tendency both in the EV and WV join together into one belt along 130°E during the process of the EV and the WV moving toward each other. In the vorticity equation, the positive contribution caused by the horizontal advection term is the maximum, and the minimum is caused by theβ effect. It is also found that enhanced horizontal vorticity advection andβ effect, as well as the ＂barotropic development＂ resulted from the in-phase superposition of the southerly and the northerly winds in the easterlies and westerlies near 130~E, are in agreement with the WPSA eastward retreat.
