对月球水冰的研究关系到月球形成与演化的深入研究,关系到月球资源的利用以及人类能否借月球为踏板迈向宇宙更深处等问题的探索。在回顾了月球水冰探测进展、总结国内外研究现状基础上,依据极化合成孔径雷达的原理、特点以及水冰反射特...对月球水冰的研究关系到月球形成与演化的深入研究,关系到月球资源的利用以及人类能否借月球为踏板迈向宇宙更深处等问题的探索。在回顾了月球水冰探测进展、总结国内外研究现状基础上,依据极化合成孔径雷达的原理、特点以及水冰反射特性,采用小型化多模式双频率双极化合成孔径雷达(miniature radio frequency,Mini-RF)观测数据对月球北极部分撞击坑进行分析,讨论月球上是否存在水冰的问题。通过对Mini-RF的圆极化率数据分析认为,月球北极的部分撞击坑可能存在水冰,但对水冰储量及其存在形式等方面的问题还需要开展进一步的定量研究。展开更多
The three-dimensional （3D） spot-scanning method is one of the most commonly used irradiation methods in charged particle beam radiotherapy. Generally, spot-scanning beam delivery utilizes the same size pencil beam t...The three-dimensional （3D） spot-scanning method is one of the most commonly used irradiation methods in charged particle beam radiotherapy. Generally, spot-scanning beam delivery utilizes the same size pencil beam to irradiate the tumor targets. Here we propose a spot-scanning beam delivery method with laterally- and longitudinally- mixed size pencil beams for heavy ion radiotherapy. This uses pencil beams with a bigger spot size in the lateral direction and wider mini spread-out Bragg peak （mini-SOBP） to irradiate the inner part of a target volume, and pencil beams with a smaller spot size in the lateral direction and narrower mini-SOBP to irradiate the peripheral part of the target volume. Instead of being controlled by the accelerator, the lateral size of the pencil beam was adjusted by inserting Ta scatterers in the beam delivery line. The longitudinal size Of the pencil beam （i.e. the width of the mini-SOBP） was adjusted by tilting mini ridge filters along the beam direction. The new spot-scanning beam delivery using carbon ions was investigated theoretically and compared with traditional spot-scanning beam delivery. Our results show that the new spot-scanning beam delivery has smaller lateral penumbra, steeper distal dose fall-off and the dose homogeneity （1-standard deviati^n/mean） in the target volume is better than 95%.展开更多
文摘对月球水冰的研究关系到月球形成与演化的深入研究,关系到月球资源的利用以及人类能否借月球为踏板迈向宇宙更深处等问题的探索。在回顾了月球水冰探测进展、总结国内外研究现状基础上,依据极化合成孔径雷达的原理、特点以及水冰反射特性,采用小型化多模式双频率双极化合成孔径雷达(miniature radio frequency,Mini-RF)观测数据对月球北极部分撞击坑进行分析,讨论月球上是否存在水冰的问题。通过对Mini-RF的圆极化率数据分析认为,月球北极的部分撞击坑可能存在水冰,但对水冰储量及其存在形式等方面的问题还需要开展进一步的定量研究。
基金Supported by Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1232207)National Key Technology Support Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2015BAI01B11)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFC0904602)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11075191,11205217,11475231,11505249)
文摘The three-dimensional （3D） spot-scanning method is one of the most commonly used irradiation methods in charged particle beam radiotherapy. Generally, spot-scanning beam delivery utilizes the same size pencil beam to irradiate the tumor targets. Here we propose a spot-scanning beam delivery method with laterally- and longitudinally- mixed size pencil beams for heavy ion radiotherapy. This uses pencil beams with a bigger spot size in the lateral direction and wider mini spread-out Bragg peak （mini-SOBP） to irradiate the inner part of a target volume, and pencil beams with a smaller spot size in the lateral direction and narrower mini-SOBP to irradiate the peripheral part of the target volume. Instead of being controlled by the accelerator, the lateral size of the pencil beam was adjusted by inserting Ta scatterers in the beam delivery line. The longitudinal size Of the pencil beam （i.e. the width of the mini-SOBP） was adjusted by tilting mini ridge filters along the beam direction. The new spot-scanning beam delivery using carbon ions was investigated theoretically and compared with traditional spot-scanning beam delivery. Our results show that the new spot-scanning beam delivery has smaller lateral penumbra, steeper distal dose fall-off and the dose homogeneity （1-standard deviati^n/mean） in the target volume is better than 95%.
