A new genus of galeaspids(jawless stem-Gnathostomata)from the early Silurian Chongqing Lagerstätte,China

The early Silurian Chongqing Lagerstätte(middle Telychian)yields exceptionally preserved articulated jawless and jawed fishes.Here,we describe a new eugaleaspiform(Galeaspida,jawless stem-Gnathostomata),Miaojiaaspis dichotomus gen.et sp.nov.,from the Chongqing Lagerstätte in Xiushan,Chongqing,China.The new form resembles Tujiaaspis vividus in the short medial dorsal canal,and the presence of the branching ends of the lateral transverse canal.They differ in that T.vividus has highly developed subordinate branches of the sensory canals that form a reticulate sensory canal system,and the median dorsal opening is more elongated.Our phylogenetic analysis recovers M.dichotomus and T.vividus as a monophyletic clade(Tujiaaspidae fam.nov.),which is supported by two synapomorphies:the short medial dorsal canal,and the branching ends of the lateral transverse canal.Tujiaaspidae forms a trichotomy with Shuyuidae and a clade comprising Anjiaspis,Sinogaleaspidae,Yongdongaspidae,and the‘eugaleaspid cluster’.The sensory canal patterns in galeaspids are compared to show the transformation sequence of the sensory canal system in Eugaleaspiformes.

Understanding Urban Vitality from the Economic and Human Activities Perspective:A Case Study of Chongqing,China

The literature on urban vitality tends to focus on the built environment.This paper argues that some important processes in shaping vitality may be overlooked without examining the intensity and diversity of economic and human activities.Using newly developed spatial big data and adopting the methods of multi-indicator measurement and spatial analysis methods,we analyzed the pattern of urban vitality in Chongqing,a provincial city in western China and,on this basis,evaluated the creation and maintenance of urban vitality from the economic and human activities perspective.Our findings indicate that the impacts of economic and human activities are positive and significant.Among the three intensity and diversity indicators,economic intensity and population density show an effect on urban vitality stronger than that of economic diversity.However,economic diversity has the strongest superposition or interactive effect,and is thus an important foundation dynamic.The positive effect of population density on urban vitality is largely a result of Chongqing’s jobs-housing balance.The case of Chongqing highlights the importance of topographic features,historical inheritance,large-scale migration,and cultural activities in shaping the distinctive vitality pattern of a city.This study contends that the creation and maintenance of urban vitality can not be fully explained without incorporating the impacts of economic and human activities.It contributes to a comprehensive measurement of urban vitality and enriches its connotations.

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Integrated Land Productivity in Chongqing from 1997 to 2023

[Objectives]Integrated land productivity can reflect the comprehensive utilization of land and the overall output level,which is the most basic and commonly used indicator in assessing land use efficiency.This thesis aims to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of integrated land productivity in Chongqing from 1997 to 2023 in order to assess its land use efficiency.[Methods]This study measured the integrated land productivity of Chongqing Municipality,the only municipality directly under the central government in the western part of China,over the past 26 years(1997-2023)through relevant surveys and statistical data,and analyzed in depth the integrated land productivity of the 38 districts and counties under the jurisdiction of Chongqing,as well as the functional sub-districts of the"one district and two clusters"and the"one district and two clusters"in Chongqing.It also analyzes the characteristics of spatial and temporal differences in land productivity in 38 districts and counties under the jurisdiction of Chongqing and"one district and two clusters".[Results]The results of the study show that over the past 26 years,the integrated land productivity of Chongqing has shown an annual growth trend,and the integrated land productivity of the 38 districts and counties and the functional subregions of"one district and two clusters"has also increased significantly,but the average annual growth rate of the integrated land productivity varies among different regions.From the perspective of spatial differences,there are significant differences in land productivity among the 38 districts and counties of Chongqing and the functional subregions of"one district and two clusters",which are mainly due to the different natural conditions,economic development levels and functional positioning of each region.[Conclusions]Based on the results of the study and the actual situation of Chongqing,this paper puts forward the leading measures to improve the integrated land productivity,with a view to providing a reference basis for Chongqing to improve the efficiency of land use and promote the sustainable use of land resources.

Take an Adventure in the Magic 8D City of Chongqing

Renowned as the Mountain City,Chongqing’s landform is uneven and the buildings there are distributed in an intriguing way,such that Chongqing is also known as the“Magic 8D City of China”.You would be hard-pushed find a place anywhere else like Chongqing where you can see a light rail traversing through a high rise.Sounds amazing?Well,it is time for us to explore this magical city.

Measurement and Strategy Research on the Green Development Level for the New Energy Vehicle Industry in Chongqing City

This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to measure the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing,and compared with neighboring provinces such as Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing City.

Research on the Coupled and Coordinated Development of Tourism and Transport in Chongqing Municipality

By examining the current status of tourism and transport research both domestically and internationally,and analyzing the development trends of Chongqing’s tourism and transport industry,this study evaluates the weight indices and performs a coupling and coordination analysis of various indicators of Chongqing’s tourism and transport industry from 2011 to 2019.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The value of the comprehensive evaluation function for tourism is higher than that of the transport industry,indicating that Chongqing’s tourism industry is in a period of vigorous development;(2)The degree of coupling coordination development between Chongqing’s tourism and transportation industries from 2011 to 2019 is rising.As the coupling coordination stage continues to improve,the level of coupling coordination also improves,with the overall trend showing a progression from mild dysfunction to primary coordination.Based on these conclusions,corresponding countermeasures are proposed to promote the coupling coordination between tourism and transport in Chongqing,and suggestions are made for the overall improvement of the transport industry and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

Study on the Countermeasures to Improve the Public Outdoor Leisure and Fitness Function on the Two Rivers and Four Banks in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing

The main urban area of Chongqing is surrounded by two rivers and set against each other.With its unique waterfront landscape,it has the resource conditions to become a leisure tourism destination.Intending to enhance people’s happiness,improve city quality,and promote Chongqing’s main urban area to become a tourist destination,this paper finds out the existing problems in the construction of public outdoor leisure and fitness facilities on the two rivers and four banks of Chongqing’s main urban area through investigation and analysis based on relevant experiences at home and abroad,takes the value chain theory as the guidance,and to find solutions to the problem.On this basis,combined with the law of economic operation,this paper puts forward the guiding ideology,principles,development goals,functional orientation,and development path for the improvement of public outdoor leisure and fitness on two rivers and four banks in the main city of Chongqing,and accordingly puts forward the policy system and guarantee measures for its improvement.

Evaluation of Green Development Efficiency in Chongqing Municipality Based on Super-SBM and Malmquist Models

The green development of Chongqing municipality is crucial in establishing a major ecological shield in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.By developing a Super-SBM model and using the Malmquist index to analyze and calculate the green development efficiency and its influencing factors in Chongqing from 2011 to 2021,this study reveals an accelerating trend in the overall green development efficiency in Chongqing.The significant enhancement of green development efficiency in Chongqing is primarily attributed to changes in returns to scale.Pure technical efficiency and technological advancements have a considerable potential impact on improving green development efficiency in Chongqing.Furthermore,there are discernible disparities in green development efficiency among districts and counties in Chongqing,with different factors influencing these variations.Chongqing is suggested to promote clean and efficient energy utilization,bolster the application and commercialization of scientific and technological advancements,consistently advance ecological restoration and management,and elevate the quality of green development to a higher level.

Research on Inheritance and Innovation of Children's Folk Sports Culture in the Junction Area Between Chongqing and Hubei

This paper examines the current status and development dilemma of the children’s folk sports culture in the junction area between Chongqing and Hubei with reference to relevant literature.After the literature review and summary,the study finds there are several factors restricting the inheritance and development of the children’s folk sports culture in the area,including insufficiency of theoretical analysis,weak public support in cities,blind imitation of modern sports culture,and absence of policy support.To address the above problems,we put forward several suggestions to promote the inheritance and development of children’s folk sports game culture.First,we should focus on the theoretical research and cultural dissemination of children’s folk sports culture.Second,we should improve the basic rules of children’s folk sports games.Third,importance should be attached to government support in developing children’s folk sports game culture.Fourth,we should ensure the continuation and inheritance of children’s folk sports culture via school activities.Finally,we should carry forward children’s folk sports culture and explore ways to develop excellent cultural tourism.

Relationship between Rural Industry Revitalization and Land Resource Utilization and Its Practice in Ganning Town, Wanzhou District of Chongqing

[Objectives]To explore the relationship between rural industry revitalization and land resource utilization.[Methods]Starting from the connotation of rural industry revitalization and land resource utilization,this study explores the relationship between rural industry revitalization and land resource utilization,Taking Ganning Town with typical mountain industry as the research area,this paper analyzed the relationship between rural industry revitalization and land resource utilization through a combination of field research and literature analysis,found out the existing problems and came up with pertinent recommendations.[Results](i)Rural industry revitalization is both mutually reinforcing and mutually restrictive.(ii)In this study,the land use types of Ganning Town were divided into nine categories,including farmland,garden land,forest land and grassland,and their industrial functions and development models were identified,and the corresponding framework of land resource utilization and rural industry revitalization in Ganning Town was constructed.(iii)In view of the problems existing in Ganning Town,this paper proposed to change the ideological concept and enhance understanding,improve the utilization rate of idle land and promote rural industry revitalization,and accelerate land consolidation and restoration,and promote sustainable development.[Conclusions]It is necessary to correctly understand the two-way role and dynamic change relationship between rural industry revitalization and land resource utilization,solve the problem from the perspective of development,adopt development strategies according to local conditions,and take the road of sustainable development.

Assessing agricultural eco-efficiency in Chongqing,2004-2019

Agricultural eco-efficiency is an important indicator to measure the sustainable development and high-quality development of agriculture.Based on the agricultural input-output data of 37 districts(counties)in Chongqing from 2004 to 2019,this paper uses the static SBM model and the DDF-BML index method to calculate the agricultural eco-efficiency of each district and county in Chongqing and conduct a comparative analysis.The comprehensive analysis of static and dynamic calculation results shows that the agricultural eco-efficiency of Chongqing is low,the agricultural input-output efficiency of various districts and counties is insufficient,and slack variables are common,so the ability of agricultural sustainable development still needs to be improved.The main sources of agricultural eco-efficiency are the progress of agricultural green technology and the efficiency of agricultural green technology.However,as far as the actual situation of Chongqing is concerned,the efficiency of agricultural green technology shows a downward trend,which has an inhibitory effect on the improvement of agricultural eco-efficiency.Therefore,in the process of agricultural ecological development in the future,Chongqing will focus on improving the efficiency of agricultural green technology as a starting point,implement agricultural technology innovation and promotion,improve the level of farmers’science and technology and culture,and achieve"technology to the countryside,demonstration to households,and application to the country."At the same time,it is necessary to further improve the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure,and promote the"outward migration"of frontier technologies in agricultural production to radiate agricultural development in surrounding districts and counties.

Current Status and Development Strategy of Mung Bean Production in Chongqing Municipality

[Objective] This paper presented the current status of mung bean produc- tion in Chongqing, and put forward the corresponding development strategies. [Meth- ods] By overviewing the status of mung bean production in Chongqing Municipality, the main problems, advantages of mung bean production in Chongqing were pre- sented, and based on corresponding development strategies were put forward.[Re- suits] Currently, the main problems of mung bean production in Chongqing area in- clude insufficient attention, serious variety degradation, lag in cultivation technology, low scientific research level. However, the region has strengths in growing mung beans which would have broad prospects by appropriate adjustment and planning. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the development of mung bean pro- duction and promotion of economic development in Chongqing Municipality.

Study on the Development of Rural Recreation Industry in Chongqing Municipality

The rural recreation industry in Chongqing Municipality has a vast market and bright developing prospects.However,many problems emerge in its developing process.Aiming to this,the study analyzes the developing status and tendency of the rural recreation industry in Chongqing,and proposes the problems exiting in the rural recreation consumption,and finally puts forward some suggestions.

Analysis on the Features of Abnormal Meteorological Elements before Chongqing Earthquakes

The situations of four major earthquakes occurred in Chongqing in modern times were analyzed in this paper.According to the study of the relationship between drought and earthquake and the study on five abnormal indices of meteorological elements,the pre-earthquake abnormal meteorological elements of these earthquakes occurred in Tongjing Town of Yubei,Chongqing in 1989,Xuxi of Rongchang in Chongqing in 1997,Rongchang County of Chongqing in 1999 respectively were systemically tested.Finally,the assumption of establishing an earthquake warning system of abnormal meteorological elements in the whole nation,especially in some high-risk earthquake areas was proposed.

Experimental Research on Four Season Soilless Cultivation of the Sprouting Seedlings of Toona sinensis in Chongqing

Using seed sowing cultivation method, the four-season soilless cultivation of the sprouting seedlings of Toona sinensis was carried out with different germination accelerating treatments, cultivation substrates, cultivation environment and management technologies by using the corresponding treatment methods in different seasons, so as to produce the sprouting vegetable products of T. sinensis which was not restricted by seasons. The test results showed that using the mixed substrate of pedite and vermiculite in winter and spring can keep moisture but not too high, and the produced sprout vegetable had good quality and high yield.

Analysis on the Climate Characteristics of Summer Drought Frequency in Chongqing

By using daily meteorological data from 34 surface meteorological stations in Chongqing from 1960 to 2006,the climate characteristics of summer drought in recent 47 years were analyzed by means of Morlet wavelet analysis.The results revealed that summer drought in Chongqing showed obvious decrease trend on the whole,while extreme severe summer drought decreased firstly and then increased,especially since 1990s with obvious increase trend.Around 1995 or 2004,there existed obvious oscillation period of 2-3 years in summer drought in Chongqing,and extreme severe summer drought was very stable without evident oscillation in 1906s,while there was obvious strong oscillation period of 4-5 years in extreme severe summer drought in Chongqing from 1970 to 1978.

Research on Spatial Influence Mechanism of Chongqing Urban Growth Management

After illustrating the concept of Urban Growth Theory and Urban Growth Management,by taking relevant theoretical research literatures for reference,based on the specific conditions of Chongqing City,the paper had analyzed the spatial growth and evolution of Chongqing City,and the spatial influence mechanism for urban growth management.The spatial influence mechanism of Chongqing urban growth had been divided into four aspects including natural environment,economic development,urban traffic organization and regional policy planning,which were considered as the primary mechanism,driving mechanism,essential condition and driving force of urban spatial growth and development,respectively.From the perspective of analyzing problems,the comprehensive analysis had been conducted on the urban growth management in economy and planning,and corresponding urban growth space management strategies had been formulated.From the perspective of combining theory with practice,it had studied and revealed the spatial influence mechanism for urban growth management,which was of practical guiding significance to the development of Chongqing urban space pattern,and also vital significance to the construction of theoretical system of Chinese urban management and guidance of further development and renovation of specific urban planning.

Study on Conceptual Planning of Group Landscapes in Urban Core Areas—A Case Study of Conceptual Landscape Planning of the Core Area in Shuangsong Group,Wanzhou District of Chongqing City,China

The planning site was divided into a spatial structure of"one center,one corridor,two axes,two belts and three communities"and traffic system designed to a 3-grade road system of"artery,secondary artery and by-pass".Meanwhile,a 3-ring structure of the planning site was constructed:diffusion waterfront landscape belt,waterfront pathway and core eco-green island.Finally,the planning concepts for major ecological constructions were given.This study tried to explore the group eco-landscape pattern in urban core areas so as to provide a strategic instruction for the regional sustainable development.

Study on the Sustainable Development Approaches of Forest Tourism in Chongqing City of China

Development of forest tourism in the global low-carbon and environment conservation movement was introduced.Considering the construction of"Forest Chongqing"and forest tourism development in the local area,problems in the present forest tourism development were summarized as backward development concepts,extensive development activities,ineffective marketing and management.Then,approaches for the further forest tourism development of Chongqing were given as(a) the primary task is to promote the public consciousness of low carbon and benefit;(b) the premise is to make favorable overall ecological planning of forest;(c) the major approach is to produce competitive forest tourism products;(d) the key is to enhance sales promotion.The study aims to explore a sustainable development way valuing both low carbon and benefit by following the principle of developing forest resources reasonably.

Space Pattern of Rural Leisure Tourism Development in Southwest Minority Area——A Case Study of Ethnic Minority Area in Southeast Chongqing

On the basis of analysis of current research documents on rural leisure tourism, taking ethnic minority area of Southeast Chongqing for example, the paper expounded ecology, culture, authenticity and uniqueness of rural leisure tourist resources in ethnic minority area, and city-dependent, scenic area-dependent, traffic route-dependent and remote characteristic village type of space pattern.