基于OBE背景的Access数据库课程实践教学探索

为强化大学生的计算机应用技能,并培养他们运用合理的方法和工具解决实际问题的能力,基于对OBE(Outcome-Based Education,即结果导向教育)理念的深刻认识,对通识教育中的必修课程——Access数据库应用进行创新性的教学改革。不仅对课程教学目标进行全新的设计,还制定学习成效的检测与评价标准,以确保教学改革的实施效果。以Access数据库应用这门课程为例,对其调研报告和课程综合作业的评价量规设计进行深入地探讨,并详细阐述这些评价量规在提升学生学习效果、检验教学成果方面所发挥的重要作用。这些评价量规不仅有助于指导学生学习,还能为教师提供有效的教学反馈。通过应用教学的实践,发现评价量规对优化课程教学和提升培养目标具有显著的指导和支持作用。简而言之,通过改革教学方式和引入评价量规,成功地提高大学生的计算机应用能力,并帮助他们更好地利用技术和工具解决实际问题。这些教学创新不仅显著提高课程的教学品质,同时也为学生的长期学术进步和职业生涯规划奠定牢固的基础。

Access数据库技术及其应用研究

文章主要研究Access数据库技术及其应用,首先介绍Access数据库技术的理论基础,包括数据库结构、数据库安全性、数据库存储空间,然后探讨Access数据库技术的应用方法,包括数据存储和管理、报表生成和打印、数据库设计和开发等,最后对基于Access数据库的实例应用进行分析,展示Access数据库在提高工作效率、优化数据管理和增强决策能力等方面的作用。

基于BOPPPS模型和思维导图的Access数据库课程教学设计

阐述BOPPPS模式和思维导图开展Access数据库课程教学设计,分析BOPPPS模型和思维导图的特点,探讨Access数据库课程教学设计中的应用,包括课堂引入、课程目标、参与式学习、考试评估。

Effectiveness of Ultrasound-Guided Arteriovenous Fistulas Cannulation in Difficult Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Access: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Aim(s): Complex Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) poses challenges to cannulation. Ultrasound (US)-guided cannulation may promote successful cannulation and prevent AVF-related complications. Renal nurses performing US-guided cannulation may improve successful cannulation and reduce complications associated with unnecessary punctures. The study aims to conduct the meta-analyze to examine the effectiveness of renal nurse-performed US-guided cannulation to improve successful cannulation and reduce AVF-related complications in difficult AVF access. Design: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Methods: A systemic search was performed on electronic databases including CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, and PubMed from inception to October 2023. Risk ratios (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMD) were estimated using random-effect models for considerable homogeneity, and the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) methodology was adopted for critical appraisal. Results: Four RCTs were included. The results showed US-guided AVF cannulation had a significant effect in improving successful cannulation (RR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.63, p = 0.007), and was favorable in reducing cannulation-associated complications (RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.10 to 1.93, p = 0.28), compared with blind needle cannulation. Conclusion: US-guided cannulation performed by renal nurses has the potential to improve successful cannulation, and fewer complications in hemodialysis patients with difficult arteriovenous access. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The results suggest the value of further training for renal nurses in US-guided cannulation, and broader implementation of US-guided cannulation to improve patient outcomes. Future studies could explore the optimal nursing training and longer-term benefits of US-guided cannulation by renal nurses in difficult AVF access. Patient or Public Contribution: No Patient or Public Contribution as this is a meta-analysis using the secondary data published in the RCTs.

Access原发性肝癌数据库的建立及其应用价值分析

目的:探讨Access原发性肝癌数据库的建立方法及其应用价值。方法:选择本院2020年1月至2024年4月期间确诊的原发性肝癌患者,数据来源为医院内局域网系统中的患者信息数据,通过Access数据库保存和管理患者的临床资料,建立原发性肝癌患者的临床资料专科数据库。结果本院成功创建了原发性肝癌数据库并应用于临床诊疗、教学和科研等工作中。结论:建立原发性肝癌数据库并形成肝癌临床数据库管理系统,从而为临床诊疗工作和科研工作提供有效数据支撑,应用价值较高。

Characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to Crop Production Information in Selected Counties of Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in Kenya and contributes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed subsistence with any surplus being sold to bring in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In Kenya, most small-scale farmers have no reliable source of information that would help them make timely and accurate decisions. County governments have extension officers who are mandated with giving farmers advisory services to farmers but they are not able to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usable. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information by farmers in four selected counties of Kenya. Specific objectives were to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made available to them by County and Sub-County extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew maize (71%). Notably, fellow farmers were a source of information (71%) with the frequency of sharing information being mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was available (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indicating that they faced challenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum benefits.

Factors Influence Hanoians’ Choice of Non-Motorized Transport Mode to Access Bus Stations

Hanoi’s rapid urbanization has led to a surge in private vehicle ownership, particularly motorcycles, amidst inadequate public transportation infrastructure. Despite government efforts, many still prefer motorized transport, citing mobility and safety concerns, exacerbated by insufficient pedestrian infrastructure. This study examines the motivations behind this reliance on motorized vehicles, particularly motorcycles, in Hanoi. Findings reveal safety and convenience as primary factors driving motorized transport use, especially for accessing bus stations. Economic incentives could promote non-motorized travel and public transport adoption. Policy implications highlight the importance of addressing economic factors and improving access infrastructure to manage motorized vehicle reliance and foster sustainable urban mobility in Hanoi.

Access数据库课程混合式教学模式实践研究

Access数据库课程是中职院校针对计算机专业学生开展的核心必修课,但传统教学模式下学生个性化需求与教学环境不匹配,导致了学生成绩的不及格率高。为此,本文将SPOC与翻转课堂模式的混合教学策略融入Access数据库课程的教学,重构教学大纲和教学资源及模块,重视过程化考核。通过对学生的考试数据与平台活跃度展开相关分析和回归分析,发现混合模式教学构建了差异化、多维度及涵盖广泛的教学环境,进一步促进了优质教学资源的共享,增强了学生的学习效果,提高了教师的教学质量,为教学智能化奠定了基础。

基于Access的移动信息数据库设计与优化

随着移动设备的普及和移动应用的快速发展,基于Access的移动信息数据库设计成为信息技术领域的一个重要课题。文中探讨了如何设计和优化一个高效、安全且用户友好的移动信息数据库。首先,分析了移动信息数据库的概述、业务需求,然后提出了一个基于Access的数据库设计方案,包括数据模型、数据库E-R图设计和数据库表结构设计等。接着,讨论了数据库性能优化的方法,如索引设计、结构优化和数据压缩。最后,评估了所设计数据库的实际应用前景,并提出了未来工作的方向。

Framework to Model User Request Access Patterns in the World Wide Web

In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.

Use of Geosynthetic Access Mats in Construction

A stable surface to move manpower and equipment is a key for the construction operations. To create a stable road surface, the road construction techniques are time-consuming and expensive for a traditional construction which requires compaction of soil, aggregate base, sub-base and asphaltic layers. A Geosynthetic Access Mat (GAM) system can serve as an alternative to other traditional construction techniques to accommodate temporary construction. Due to its rigidity, the mat system can provide substantial vertical resistance to the applied load under a large deflection subject to soil conditions. This paper provides details of GAM specifications, soil conditions, applications, installation procedure, comparison with other soil stabilization methods and Aramco experience for deployments of these mats.

Optimizing Memory Access Efficiency in CUDA Kernel via Data Layout Technique

Over the past decade, Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have revolutionized high-performance computing, playing pivotal roles in advancing fields like IoT, autonomous vehicles, and exascale computing. Despite these advancements, efficiently programming GPUs remains a daunting challenge, often relying on trial-and-error optimization methods. This paper introduces an optimization technique for CUDA programs through a novel Data Layout strategy, aimed at restructuring memory data arrangement to significantly enhance data access locality. Focusing on the dynamic programming algorithm for chained matrix multiplication—a critical operation across various domains including artificial intelligence (AI), high-performance computing (HPC), and the Internet of Things (IoT)—this technique facilitates more localized access. We specifically illustrate the importance of efficient matrix multiplication in these areas, underscoring the technique’s broader applicability and its potential to address some of the most pressing computational challenges in GPU-accelerated applications. Our findings reveal a remarkable reduction in memory consumption and a substantial 50% decrease in execution time for CUDA programs utilizing this technique, thereby setting a new benchmark for optimization in GPU computing.

基于大数据的继电保护运维管理系统的设计与实现

在双碳背景下,促进清洁能源消纳与碳减排已成为电网发展的重要目标。提出了一种优化方法,考虑可再生能源不确定性与系统功率储备进行系统调度。在预测误差分析的基础上,提出了一种基于负荷损失概率的评估方法,以确定系统运行储备功率。将系统运营成本和二氧化碳排放量建模为优化目标。优化过程包括两个阶段,在第一阶段优化中利用混合整数线性规划方法进行确定性优化,生成具有规定功率储备要求的发电机组组合。在第二阶段优化中考虑预测不确定性,对运行计划进行调整,使用可控发电机来处理预测偏差。将不同方法下可用运行储备功率、成本和二氧化碳排放量在仿真中进行了对比。与传统大数据技术及智能电网的发展为继电保护系统历史数据进行深层次挖掘提供了支撑,以此为基础研究了基于大数据的继电保护运维管理系统。文章针对基于大数据的继电保护运维管理系统进行设计,详细阐述了系统架构、数据库设计、系统功能模块、系统实现。系统在原始数据预处理的基础上进行数据可视化,从统计分析和动态分析两个角度对保护设备进行评估,实现了设备失效数据的统计计算、设备缺陷关联性分析、运行水平评估以及设备状态检修功能。系统实现了继电保护设备运维全流程管理,最终服务于继电保护检修工作,能够为运行人员状态检修提供参考,对于减小维修的盲目性、提高检修工作效率具有参考价值。

中国学术期刊论文元数据的开放和再利用

随着中国学术期刊繁荣发展以及开放获取出版的推广,中国学术期刊论文元数据已成为重要的资源、资产甚至资本。文章阐述了元数据的概念及相关理论,分析了中国学术期刊论文元数据和全文的开放现状,结合初步完成的开放中国学术期刊论文数据库项目,讨论了中文期刊论文元数据的开放、期刊官网全文的链接方法以及开放中国学术期刊论文元数据的再利用方向。

Prevalence of Occupational Injury and Knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Accessibility among Healthcare Workers in Mogadishu, Somalia

Introduction: Healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia face significant occupational injury risks, particularly needle stick injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents. This poses a serious threat to their health, leading to infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Despite the high prevalence of injuries, awareness of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility is relatively high, with 84.0% of respondents aware of it. However, there are gaps in knowledge and implementation, as evidenced by variations in availability of PEP. Improving workplace safety measures, providing comprehensive training on injury prevention and PEP protocols, and ensuring consistent availability of PEP in healthcare facilities are crucial steps to safeguard the well-being of healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital workers in Mogadishu, Somalia, focusing on professionals from various healthcare facilities. The study targeted nurses, doctors, laboratory personnel, and pharmacists. Purposive sampling was employed, resulting in a sample size of 383 calculated using Fisher’s sample size formula. Data were collected using coded questionnaires entered into Microsoft Excel 2019 and analyzed with SPSS software to generate frequencies and proportions, presented through frequency tables and pie figures. Results: The study in Mogadishu, Somalia, examined the prevalence of occupational injuries and knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility among healthcare workers. Findings indicate a high prevalence of injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents, predominantly needle stick injuries (60.6%). Despite the majority seeking prompt medical attention (72.0%), work-related illnesses affected 53.2% of respondents, notably work-related stress (59.5%). While most received training on injury and illness prevention (68.9%), gaps exist in PEP awareness, with 16.0% unaware of it. Nonetheless, 84.0% were aware, predominantly through health facilities (52.0%). Availability of PEP was reported by 71.3% in healthcare facilities, with variations in shift availability. The majority reported guidelines for PEP use (55.7%). Efforts are needed to bolster PEP awareness and ensure consistent availability in healthcare facilities to safeguard worker health. Conclusion: High prevalence of occupational injuries among healthcare workers, with needle stick injuries being the most common (60.6%). Despite this, 84.0% of respondents were aware of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP), primarily learning about it from health facilities (52.0%). While 71.3% reported the availability of PEP in their facility, 28.7% noted its unavailability. These results emphasize the need for improved education and accessibility of PEP to mitigate occupational injury risks.

塑造认知:无障碍政策的宣导策略与优化路径——基于《深圳经济特区无障碍城市建设条例》的考察

无障碍环境建设不仅是社会文明进步的重要标志,也是城市文明程度的重要标杆。无障碍政策的宣传与倡导不仅改变社会大众的认知,同时也是助推无障碍政策实施的重要力量。从社会认知视角出发,通过对全国首部无障碍城市立法《深圳经济特区无障碍城市建设条例》出台前宣导策略与传播状况进行考察,试图探究前置传播机制如何推动无障碍政策的认知与接受。研究发现,抓住关键节点宣传无障碍城市理念,利用社交媒体推广无障碍城市行动,举办红黑榜单引领参与无障碍建设,汇聚社会舆论共识促进无障碍立法,发挥着塑造认知的重要作用。然而,在政策的前置传播过程中,仍然存在残联作为主要宣导力量,其他部门参与不够;关键节点宣导活动很多,日常宣导频率不足;社交媒体宣导效果有限,尚未形成传播矩阵等宣导困境。基于此,构建党政统筹和责任落实的跨部门协同机制、思路转变和长效推动的日常持续性机制、技术赋权和社交进入的全民性参与机制成为优化无障碍政策认知提升的宣导路径。

基于空中计算CoMAC架构的不同计算场景叠加符号判决算法

本文研究不同场景下基于空中计算的多址信道计算(CoMAC)架构的覆盖符号决策算法。首先,从理论上分析了XOR、ADD、MOD三种场景中加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)多址接入信道下叠加符号的概率密度分布,提出了一种基于先验概率的最优门限判决策略。其次,推导了系统最优门限及对应误码率的理论表达式。最后,通过仿真验证了不同信噪比、传感器节点个数及先验概率对于该门限判决方案的鲁棒性和可靠性的影响。与通信计算相分离的传统方案相比,空中计算判决方案具有更好的检测性能,为多址接入信道下的信号识别提供了新的参考方案。

滑坡灾害影响下高速公路网络鲁棒性分析

地质灾害的发生通常导致道路交通基础设施大面积故障,将对区域内的交通活动产生严重影响.为分析交通系统抵御灾害破坏的能力,本研究在考虑地质灾害对运输网络影响的基础上,提出了一种评估公路网络鲁棒性的方法.结合历史灾害数据,将灾害对道路交通的影响量化为网络中路段的受损概率,以路段受损概率和路段重要性指标定义了路段的脆弱性指标.运用渗流理论,通过模拟并比较网络在受到不同策略的攻击后鲁棒性指标的变化,从网络结构和性能两个方面评估了网络的鲁棒性.在结构方面,以通过网络连通子图规模找出渗流的临界阈值作为鲁棒性指标;在性能方面,以网络整体可达性评估渗流过程中网络整体性能变化.研究发现,网络在基于路段脆弱性指标的攻击下最为脆弱,结构和性能两个方面的评估结果均表明网络的主要组件占整体结构的40%~50%.同时,本研究以渗流的临界阈值和鲁棒性指标变化峰值识别出了可能的关键路段,提出通过对比不同路段对网络整体的影响,确定网络中有效关键路段的方法.本研究提出的从网络鲁棒性评估到网络关键路段识别的研究框架能够为评估和提升交通网络鲁棒性提供参考,并为交通运输网络的规划和管理提供理论支撑.

元宇宙下虚拟数字人信息保护的困境与解决路径

元宇宙下虚拟数字人信息与元宇宙用户信息实时传递,具有同步性,但相较于以自然人为主体的个人信息保护,虚拟数字人信息缺少相应的监管与保护措施,泄露风险加剧。现有立法无法对虚拟数字人信息保护的适用范围、责任认定等核心内容提供精细指引。基于此,当前应立足民法保护、算法技术归责以及行业规范三维路径。首先,确定虚拟数字人法律主体地位、厘清虚拟数字人信息保护范围;其次,建立算法数字技术归责体系,明确责任承担方式;最后,确定元宇宙平台的准入标准、明晰企业的权利义务。

高铁开通对工业技术效率的影响研究——基于市场可达性与集聚经济效应的分析

中国高铁的快速发展降低了运输和交易成本,加速了要素流动,从而影响了地级及以上城市(以下简称地级市)的工业技术效率。基于2006—2020年259个地级市的面板数据,将市场可达性以及三种不同类型集聚外部性纳入同一框架,考察高铁开通对地级市工业技术效率的直接、空间影响效应及其内在机制。研究发现:整体而言,尽管存在一定滞后效应,但地级市高铁开通可以显著提高其工业技术效率,且存在正向的空间溢出效应;高铁开通可以有效提高非区域中心城市工业技术效率,但对区域中心城市的提升效应不显著;机制分析结果表明,高铁开通能够有效提升地级市市场可达性、工业集聚专业化和竞争外部性,促进其技术效率的提升,但对多样化外部性具有显著负向影响,且结果具有较强的稳健性;与非区域中心城市相比,高铁开通对区域中心城市多样化外部性的影响不再显著。因此,各地应通过体制机制创新,优化要素配置,优化工业空间布局,引导、支持企业向工业园区等优势产地和市场区集聚,因地制宜地制定差异化的工业发展战略,放大高铁开通对地区工业技术效率的改善作用。