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Plant Ideotype at Heading for Super High-Yielding Rice in Double-Cropping System in South China 被引量:3
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作者 CHEN You-ding WAN Bang-hui ZHANG Xu 《Rice science》 SCIE 2005年第2期92-100,共9页
The newly released super high-yielding hybrid rice combinations, Yueza 122, Fengyou 428, Peiza 67, and the super high-yielding conventional cultivars, Guangchao 3 and Shengtai 1, were grown in both early and late seas... The newly released super high-yielding hybrid rice combinations, Yueza 122, Fengyou 428, Peiza 67, and the super high-yielding conventional cultivars, Guangchao 3 and Shengtai 1, were grown in both early and late seasons. The morphological characters of each population were investigated at the heading stage, and the data were analyzed by using ANOVY and other statistic methods. The plant ideal morphological characters at the heading stage were established as follows: 1 ) for the early-season cropping, 90-105 cm plant height; 11-12 tillers per plant; 35-40 em length and 2.1-2.2 cm width of flag leaf; 46-50 cm length and 1.8-2.1 cm width of the second leaf from the top (L2); 59-64 cm length and 1.4-1.9 cm width of the third leaf from the top (L3); 7°-14°, 18° and 200-33° for the ideal leaf angles of the flag leaf, L2 and L3, respectively; 2) for the late-season cropping, 90-100 cm plant height; 9-15 tillers per plant; 30-41 cm length and 1.8-2.0 cm width of flag leaf; 53-61 cm length and 1.3-1.8 cm width of L2; 52-58 cm length and 1.2-1.5 cm width of L3; 9°-19°, 15°-37° and 16°-49° for the ideal leaf angles of the flag leaf, L2 and L3, respectively. The main physiological characteristics of these varieties were also analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 super high-yielding MORPHOLOGY IDEOTYPE heading stage South China double cropping rice
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CLIMATIC RISK ZONING OF DOUBLE CROPPING SUPER RICE CULTIVATION IN HUNAN PROVINCE 被引量:1
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作者 HU Xue-yuan WANG Chun-yi +2 位作者 DU Dong-sheng LU Kui-dong XIE Bai-cheng 《Journal of Tropical Meteorology》 SCIE 2018年第2期199-208,共10页
Based on meteorological data including daily sunshine duration, temperature and precipitation from 97 meteorological stations in Hunan province during the period of 1981—2010, in combination with the field experiment... Based on meteorological data including daily sunshine duration, temperature and precipitation from 97 meteorological stations in Hunan province during the period of 1981—2010, in combination with the field experiment in different places at different sowing dates, the precise climatic risk zoning of double cropping super rice cultivation has been studied by using the spatial interpolation method and other Geographical Information System(GIS)technologies. Three key climatic factors were selected including chilling in May, high temperature heat damage during July to early August and low temperature damage in autumn in this study. Furthermore, based on the analysis of climatic conditions suitable for double cropping super rice cultivation and climatic disasters, 8-22 ℃ active accumulated temperature, sunshine duration from late March to October, climatic risk index of the low temperature in autumn, and climatic risk index of chilling in May were selected as key climatic factors to study the precise agro-meteorological regionalization of double cropping super rice in Hunan province. The results showed that: the high-yielding zones of double cropping super rice in Hunan were mainly located in Zhuzhou, Hengyang, Yongzhou and Chenzhou City, the moderate-yielding zones were primarily located in the east and north reaches of Dongting Lake,together with most of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan City, and other regions in Hunan were not suitable for double cropping super rice. These findings can provide valuable information for the large-scale cultivation of double cropping super rice in Hunan province. 展开更多
关键词 high yield zoning risk zoning double cropping super rice small grids reckoning
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Studies on the Morphological Characters of South China Double Cropping Super Rice at the Active Tillering Stage
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作者 CHENYou-ding WANBang-hui ZHANGXu 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2004年第12期896-904,共9页
The morphological characters of the newly released super hybrid rice in South China, Yueza 122, Fengyou 428, Peiza 67, and super conventional varieties, Guangchao 3, Shengtai 1 at the active tillering stage in both ... The morphological characters of the newly released super hybrid rice in South China, Yueza 122, Fengyou 428, Peiza 67, and super conventional varieties, Guangchao 3, Shengtai 1 at the active tillering stage in both early and late crops were investigated. Using the analysis of variance and other statistic methods, the ideal morphological characteristics of South China double cropping super-rice at the active tillering stage were determined. They are 55-60 cm in the early crop and 60-76 cm in the late crop for the ideal plant height, about 15 tillers in the early crop and 14-19 tillers in the late crop for the ideal tiller number per plant, 40-44 cm in the early crop and 42-60 cm in the late crop for the ideal length of the first leaf under the top leaf, 1.2-1.4 cm in the early crop and 1.2-1.3cm in the late crop for the ideal width of the first leaf under the top leaf, 39- 44 cm in the early crop and 37-43 cm in the late crop for the ideal length of the second leaf under the top leaf, 1.1-1.4 cm in the early crop and about 1.1 cm in the late crop for the ideal width of the second leaf under the top leaf, 22-58o in the early crop and 4- 12o in the late crop for the ideal top leaf angle at the active tillering stage. Based on these results, a new concept of “dynamic plant type structure” for South China double cropping super rice breeding was suggested. 展开更多
关键词 South China double cropping super rice Tillering stage MORPHOLOGY
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Analysis of Optimized NPK Formulation and Topdressing on Increasing Yield in Double Cropping Rice of Hunan
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作者 田发祥 朱坚 +2 位作者 谢运河 彭华 纪雄辉 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第7期1435-1439,1451,共6页
The effect of different formula of NPK and twice topdressings on rice growth in typical double cropping rice area, which located at Kaihui, Ganshan, Matang and Xinqiang towns, were studied on field experiment in order... The effect of different formula of NPK and twice topdressings on rice growth in typical double cropping rice area, which located at Kaihui, Ganshan, Matang and Xinqiang towns, were studied on field experiment in order to select the formula of compound fertilizer and top dressing mode for double cropping of rice production in Hunan. The results showed that the optimized formulated fertilizer treatment, which increased the proportion of phosphorus and potassium and reduced its nitrogen fertilizer by 7.5 kg/hm2 can ensure early rice stable. Fpr example, the yield of late rice increased by 187.5-378.0 kg/hm2 compared with the conventional complex fertilizer (N-PO5-K2O formula of 20-10-10 for early rice and 26-10-13 for late rice). The N-P2O5-K2O formula 18-14-16 of optimized formulated fertilizer which was suitable for early rice production, and the other N-P2O5-K2O formula 18- 9-16 was suitable for late rice production. The rice yields for top-dressing at tiller- ing stage and booting stage can increased by 187.5-382.5 and 258.0-415.5 kg/hm2 for eady and late rice and the nitrogen use efficiency advanced 10.9-24.2 percent- age points (31.5%-51.1%) for eady rice and 8.3-13.4 percentage points (36.2%- 64.9%) for late dce compared with the top-dressing at tillering stage. 展开更多
关键词 NPK FORMULA double cropping rice Top-dressing
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Effect of Different Seedling Age on the Growth and Yield of Double Cropping of Late Rice
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作者 滕飞 陈惠哲 +2 位作者 曾研华 蔡雪青 朱德峰 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第7期1385-1389,共5页
The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics a... The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics as the test material to study the effect of different seedling ages on growth and yield of rice. The results showed that growing period of thermal-response rice was delayed by long seedling age, but less affected by the impact of photo-response rice; the yield of later thermal-re- sponse varieties with 25 days and 30 days seedling ages was significantly reduced. In contrast, the yield of early thermal-response varieties and later photo-response varieties were significantly reduced with 30 days seedling age. The optimal trans- planting seedling age was 15 days of thermal-response rice, while photo-response rice was 20 days. The thermal-response rice should be selected as early maturing varieties, while the photo-response rice could be selected as late maturing varieties for high yield. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping of late rice Seedling age Growing period YIELD
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Effect of Continuous Application of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer in Various Types of Soil in Dong-Ting Lake Region under Double Rice Cropping System
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作者 鲁艳红 廖育林 +3 位作者 聂军 谢坚 杨曾平 戴平安 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第2期351-356,379,共7页
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of continuous application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer under double rice cropping system. [Method] By modeling three types of paddy soils in Dong-Ting L... [Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of continuous application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer under double rice cropping system. [Method] By modeling three types of paddy soils in Dong-Ting Lake area, four treatments as no fertilizer (CK), urea, controlled release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) and 70% controlled release nitrogen fertilizer (70% CRNF) were designed in the micro-plot trials from 2005 to 2008. [Result] The rice yield in treatment CRNF at N 150 kg/hm2 was increased by 10.3%, 8.0% and 2.4% compared with treatment of urea, in alluvial sandy loamy paddy soil (ALS), purple calcareous clayey paddy soil (PCS), and reddish yellow loamy paddy soil (RYS), respectively; and the yield in treatment of 70% CRNF was increased by 6.1%, 2.6% and -0.8%, respectively. The ranking order of nitrogen uptake amount by plant in early rice and late rice was CRNF 70% CRNF urea CK in all three types of soil. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of CRNF in above three types of soil was 60.7%, 59.6% and 56.3%, increased by 23.8%, 19.4% and 16.3% compared with that in treatment of urea, respectively. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of CRNF in early rice was increased year by year, and was higher than that of 70% CRNF during the whole experiment stage, while that in late rice was increased first and then decreased from the 3rd year. [Conclusion] Continuous application CRNF could alleviate the decreasing of soil nitrogen fertility and organic carbon especially in ALS, increase rice yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency in double-rice cropping system. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping rice Controlled release nitrogen fertilizer Continuous fertilization YIELD Fertilizer use efficiency Soil fertility
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Study and Application of "Three High and One Ensuring" Cultivation Mode of Double Cropping Rice 被引量:5
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作者 彭春瑞 谢金水 +3 位作者 邱才飞 钱银飞 关贤交 潘晓华 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第7期1425-1430,共6页
A set of "three high and one ensuring" cultivation mode of double cropping rice, the core of which was high panicle bearing tiller rate, high seed setting rate, high grain plumpness and ensuring high quality... A set of "three high and one ensuring" cultivation mode of double cropping rice, the core of which was high panicle bearing tiller rate, high seed setting rate, high grain plumpness and ensuring high quality, was explored through many years of research. In this study, the effect of "three high and one ensuring" cultivation mode of double cropping rice was compared and investigated by field experiment and multiple location demonstration. The field experiment indicated that "three high and one ensuring" cultivation mode promoted the vegetative growth during early stage, inhibited the formation of ineffective tillers, promoted the growth of effective tillers and the formation of panicles, improved the panicle bearing tiller rate, increased the total number of spikelets, enhanced the seed setting rate and grain plumpness, increased the grain yield by 12.22%-19.73% at highly significant level, and improved the rice quality. Furthermore, the field demonstration also verified the results of field experiment. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping rice PANICLE bearing TILLER RATE Seed setting RATE GRAIN PLUMPNESS GRAIN yield rice quality
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Cold Damage Risk Assessment of Double Cropping Rice in Hunan, China 被引量:16
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作者 CHENG Yong-xiang HUANG Jing-feng +4 位作者 HAN Zhong-ling GUO Jian-ping ZHAO Yan-xia WANG Xiu-zhen GUO Rui-fang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第2期352-363,共12页
Combined with remote sensing data and meteorological data, cold damage risk was assessed for planting area of double cropping rice (DCR) in Hunan Province, China. A new methodology of cold damage risk assessment was... Combined with remote sensing data and meteorological data, cold damage risk was assessed for planting area of double cropping rice (DCR) in Hunan Province, China. A new methodology of cold damage risk assessment was built that apply to grid and have clear hazard-affected body. Each station cold damage annual frequency and average annual intensity of cold damage was calculated by using 1951-2010 station daily mean temperature and simple cold damage identification index. On this basis, average annual cold damage risk index was obtained by their product. The spatial analysis models of cold damage risk index about double-season early rice (DSER) and double-season later rice (DSLR) were established respectively by the relation of average annual cold damage risk index and its geographic factors. Critical threshold of level of average annual cold damage risk index for DSER and DSLR were respectively divided by the correlative equation of cold damage annual frequency and average annual intensity of cold damage. 2001-2010 planting area of DCR, acquired by time series analysis of MOD09AI 8-d composite land surface reflectance product, was as target of assessment. The results show average annual intensity of cold damage is exponential function of cold damage annual frequency, average annual cold damage risk index is directly proportional to cold damage cumulant and cold damage annual frequency, and is inversely proportional to happen times of cold damage and the square of statistical time sequence length. Cold damage risk of DSER is higher than DSLR in Hunan Province. In the 10-yr stacking map, DCR planting in low risk area accounted for 11.92% of total extraction area, in moderate risk area accounted for 69.62%, in high risk area accounted for 18.46%. According to the cold damage risk assessment result, DCR production can be guided to reduce cold damage losses. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping rice cold damage risk assessment
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Integration of Growing Milk Vetch in Winter and Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Can Improve Rice Yield in Double-Rice Cropping System 被引量:23
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作者 ZHOU Chun-huo ZHAO Zun-kang +4 位作者 PAN Xiao-hua HUANG Shan TAN Xue-ming WU Jian-fu SHI Qing-hua 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第3期132-143,共12页
To study whether integrative fertilization [growing milk vetch in winter and reducing the dose of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizer] can improve rice yield, and to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms for integra... To study whether integrative fertilization [growing milk vetch in winter and reducing the dose of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizer] can improve rice yield, and to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms for integrative fertilization, a three-year field trial including two treatments, milk vetch-rice-rice(MRR) and winter fallow-rice-rice(FRR), was conducted in 2010, 2011 and 2012.Our results demonstrated that the MRR treatment could significantly improve rice yield compared with the FRR treatment, especially when the application ratio of milk vetch and chemical fertilizer was 1:2.MRR treatment increased the effective panicle number and the spikelet number per panicle.In addition, a higher tillering number, leaf area index, photosynthetic-potential and photosynthetic-potential to grain ratio were observed in MRR treatment, which could provide enough dry matter for yield formation.Moreover, in MRR treatment, we discovered a higher transportation ratio and transformation ratio of dry matter in culm and leaves, and a stronger total sink capacity and spikelet-root bleeding intensity at the heading stage and 15 d after heading.Furthermore, the MRR treatment showed higher total N, phosphorus and potassium uptakes than FRR treatment, which was associated with the higher root dry weight in each soil layers.These results suggest that growing milk vetch in winter can improve rice yield under less chemical N fertilizer application, which is due to the improvement of soil nutrient status and the increased of rice root growth and development. 展开更多
关键词 MILK VETCH double-rice cropping system dry matter SINK-SOURCE circulation yield nitrogen rice
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Substitution of chemical fertilizer by Chinese milk vetch improves the sustainability of yield and accumulation of soil organic carbon in a double-rice cropping system 被引量:17
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作者 ZHOU Xing LU Yan-hong +5 位作者 LIAO Yu-lin ZHU Qi-dong CHENG Hui-dan NIE Xin CAO Wei-dong NIE Jun 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第10期2381-2392,共12页
The double-rice cropping system is a very important intensive cropping system for food security in China. There have been few studies of the sustainability of yield and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the... The double-rice cropping system is a very important intensive cropping system for food security in China. There have been few studies of the sustainability of yield and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the double-rice cropping system following a partial substitution of chemical fertilizer by Chinese milk vetch (Mv). We conducted a 10-year (2008–2017) field experiment in Nan County, South-Central China, to examine the double-rice productivity and SOC accumulation in a paddy soil in response to different fertilization levels and Mv application (22.5 Mg ha^–1). Fertilizer and Mv were applied both individually and in combination (sole chemical fertilizers, Mv plus 100, 80, 60, 40, and 0% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, labeled as F100, MF100, MF80, MF60, MF40, and MF0, respectively). It was found that the grain yields of double-rice crop in treatments receiving Mv were reduced when the dose of chemical fertilizer was reduced, while the change in SOC stock displayed a double peak curve. The MF100 produced the highest double-rice yield and SOC stock, with the value higher by 13.5 and 26.8% than that in the F100. However, the grain yields increased in the MF80 (by 8.4% compared to the F100), while the SOC stock only increased by 8.4%. Analogous to the change of grain yield, the sustainable yield index (SYI) of double rice were improved significantly in the MF100 and MF80 compared to the F100, while there was a slight increase in the MF60 and MF40. After a certain amount of Mv input (22.5 Mg ha^–1), the carbon sequestration rate was affected by the nutrient input due to the stimulation of microbial biomass. Compared with the MF0, the MF100 and MF40 resulted in a dramatically higher carbon sequestration rate (with the value higher by 71.6 and 70.1%), whereas the MF80 induced a lower carbon sequestration rate with the value lower by 70.1% compared to the MF0. Based on the above results we suggested that Mv could partially replace chemical fertilizers (e.g., 40–60%) to improve or maintain the productivity and sustainability of the double-rice cropping system in South-Central China. 展开更多
关键词 CHINESE MILK VETCH fertilizer application levels rice YIELD soil organic carbon double-rice cropping system
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Inter-provincial Differences in Rice Multi-cropping Changes in Main Double-cropping Rice Area in China: Evidence from Provinces and Households 被引量:3
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作者 WANG Renjing LI Xiubin +4 位作者 TAN Minghong XIN Liangjie WANG Xue WANG Yahui JIANG Min 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2019年第1期127-138,共12页
Since the early 1980 s, the multi-cropping index for rice has decreased significantly in main double-cropping rice area in China, which is the primary double-cropping rice(DCR) production area. This decline may bring ... Since the early 1980 s, the multi-cropping index for rice has decreased significantly in main double-cropping rice area in China, which is the primary double-cropping rice(DCR) production area. This decline may bring challenges to food security in China because rice is the staple food for more than 60% of the Chinese population. It has been generally recognized that rapidly rising labor costs due to economic growth and urbanization in China is the key driving force of the ‘double-to-single' rice cropping system adaption. However, not all provinces have shown a dramatic decline in DCR area, and labor costs alone cannot explain this difference. To elucidate the reasons for these inter-provincial distinctions and the dynamics of rice cropping system adaption, we evaluated the influencing factors using provincial panel data from 1980 to 2015. We also used household survey data for empirical analysis to explore the mechanisms driving differences in rice multi-cropping changes. Our results indicated that the eight provinces in the study can be divided into three spatial groups based on the extent of DCR area decline, the rapidly-declining marginal, core, and stable zones. Increasing labor cost due to rapid urbanization was the key driving force of rice cropping system adaption, but the land use dynamic vary hugely among different provinces. These differences between zones were due to the interaction between labor price and accumulated temperature conditions. Therefore, increasing labor costs had the greatest impact in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Hubei, where the accumulated temperature is relatively low and rice multi-cropping index declined dramaticly. However, labor costs had little impact in Guangdong and Guangxi. Differences in accumulated temperature conditions resulted in spatially different labor demands and pressure on households during the busy season. As a result, there have been different profits and rice multi-cropping changes between provinces and zones. Because of these spatial differences, regionally appropriate policies that provide appropriate subsidies for early rice in rapidly-declining marginal zone such as Zhejiang and Hubei should be implemented. In addition, agricultural mechanization and the number of agricultural workers have facilitated double-cropping; therefore, small machinery and agricultural infrastructure construction should be further supported. 展开更多
关键词 multi-cropping change INTER-PROVINCIAL DIFFERENCES cropping system adaption accumulated temperature double-cropping rice area China
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Effects of Winter Planting Milk Vetch on Yield and PartialProductivity of Nitrogen Fertilizer of Machine-transplantedDouble-cropping Rice under Straw Returning to the Field 被引量:1
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作者 PAN Xiao-chen LI Chao +5 位作者 TANG Hai-ming XIAO Xiao-ping TANG Wen-guang GUO Li-jun CHENG Kai-kai WANG Ke 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2019年第5期6-12,共7页
From 2017 to 2018,the effects of winter planting of milk vetch on yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of machine-transplanted double-cropping rice under straw returning were studied in Ningxiang city... From 2017 to 2018,the effects of winter planting of milk vetch on yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of machine-transplanted double-cropping rice under straw returning were studied in Ningxiang city,Hunan Province.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation,effective panicle,yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in the stem,leaf,panicle and aboveground parts of early and late rice treated with winter planting milk vetch and straw returning were signi ficantly higher than those treated with straw returning only.Among them,the effective panicles of early and late rice increased by 2.58%,3.18%(2017)and 5.22%,6.32%(2018),respectively.Yield increased by 11.85%,10.07%(2017)and 12.42%,10.92%(2018),annual partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.90%(2017)and 11.66%(2018),respectively.In conclusion,winter planting milk vetch under straw returning is beneficial to increase dry matter accumulation,rice yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in mechanized double cropping rice. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping rice Milk vetch Straw returning to field YIELD Partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer
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EFFECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT ON DRY NURSERY SEEDLING QUALITY OF LATE DOUBLE CROPPING RICE IN SOUTH CHINA
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作者 Zhang Xu Huang Nongrong Kong Qingni Lin Daoxuan Liu YanzhuoRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640Cai Hanxiong Liang Quan Liang Youqiang Liang ChengyingCereal and Oil Crop Production Section, Agricultural Department of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510500 《热带亚热带植物学报》 CAS CSCD 1996年第S1期16-23,共8页
In the present paper, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil moisture content on dry nursery seedling quality in Guangzhou in 1995. Through comparing the difference of dry nursery seedlings and wet n... In the present paper, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil moisture content on dry nursery seedling quality in Guangzhou in 1995. Through comparing the difference of dry nursery seedlings and wet nursery seedlings, we found a close relationship between soil moisture content and seedling growth. The seedling emergence of dry nursery seedling was more even, tidy and faster, and the survival rate was higher than that of wet nursery seedling. Dry nursery seedlings had small plant stature, slow leaf stretching speed and low individual seedling dry weight, but had high dry/fresh weight ratio. This was abeneficial factor for seedlings to recover from transplanting shock more quickly. As com-pared with the wet nursery seedlings, dry nursery seedlings had poor rooting ability,but had more vigorous white roots and fewer rust roots. It was the possibly important reasonfor dry nursery seedlings to form strong“explosive force”. 展开更多
关键词 LATE double cropping rice DRY NURSERY SEEDLING SEEDLING quality Soil moisture
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EFFECTS OF SEEDING DENSITY AND BASIC MANURE ON THE GROWTH OF DRY NURSERY SEEDLINGS IN LATE DOUBLE CROPPING RICE IN SOUTH CHINA
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作者 Zhang Xu Kong Qingni Huang Nongrong Lin Daoxuan Liu Yanzhuo(Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640)Cai Hanxiong Liang Quan Liang Youqiang Liang Chengying(Cereal and Oil Crop Production Section, Agricultural Department of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510500) 《热带亚热带植物学报》 CAS CSCD 1996年第S1期10-15,共6页
During the period of dry nursery seedling raising of late double cropping indica rice in South China, both chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure did not show obvious effect on the growth of shoot and root in young s... During the period of dry nursery seedling raising of late double cropping indica rice in South China, both chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure did not show obvious effect on the growth of shoot and root in young seedlings at 4-leaf stage (18-day-old seedling), but had significant effects on root growth in old seedlings with 6-7 leaves (27-day-old seedling) at suitable seeding densities (65-125g m<sup>-2</sup>). There were satistically significant differences (at 0.01 or 0.05 levels)between treatments in root number and rooting ability of root-pruned seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 double cropping LATE season rice DRY NURSERY seedling SEEDING density Basic MANURE
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Effect of Different Winter Cover Crops on Carbon Dioxide Emission in Paddy Field of Double Cropping Rice Area in Southern China
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作者 Haiming Tang Xiaoping Xiao WenguangTang Ouangli Yang 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2013年第9期545-554,共10页
In this study, a two-year experiment was conducted by suing a static chamber method to observe the effects of straw recycling of winter cover crops measure on CO2 emission fluxes in southern China. Three patterns of w... In this study, a two-year experiment was conducted by suing a static chamber method to observe the effects of straw recycling of winter cover crops measure on CO2 emission fluxes in southern China. Three patterns of winter use were performed in the paddy field, including RRR (rice-rice-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) cropping system), CRR (rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) cropping system) and FRR (rice-rice cropping system with winter fallow). During the winter, the average daily CO2 fluxes were greater (P 〈 0.05) in the RRR and CRR than the FRR. During the winter crop growing seasons, both the average daily CO2 fluxes and the total CO2 emissions were different as the following orders: RRR 〉 CRR 〉 FRR. The average CO2 fluxes during early rice and late rice season were similar. The highest CO2 flux was found at rice tillering stage with an order as the follows: RRR 〉 CRR 〉 FRR and CRR 〉 RRR 〉 FRR both in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The annual CO2 emissions of RRR and CRR were significantly higher respectively by 857.0 g.CO2-C.m2 and 607.4 g.CO2-C.m-2 than the FRR. The results show that straw recycling of winter cover crops measure may strongly influence the CO2 emission in paddy field in southern China. 展开更多
关键词 CO2 flux double cropping rice system paddy field winter crop.
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Non-leguminous winter cover crop and nitrogen rate in relation to double rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in Dongting Lake Plain, Hunan Province, China 被引量:4
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作者 ZHU Bo YI Li-xia +5 位作者 XU He-shui GUO Li-mei HU Yue-gao ZENG Zhao-hai CHEN Fu LIU Zhang-yong 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第11期2507-2514,共8页
Annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.), a non-leguminous winter cover crop, has been adopted to absorb soil native N to minimize N loss from an intensive double rice cropping system in southern China, but a little... Annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.), a non-leguminous winter cover crop, has been adopted to absorb soil native N to minimize N loss from an intensive double rice cropping system in southern China, but a little is known about its effects on rice grain yield and rice N use efficiency. In this study, effects of ryegrass on double rice yield, N uptake and use efficiency were measured under different fertilizer N rates. A 3-year(2009–2011) field experiment arranged in a split-plot design was undertaken. Main plots were ryegrass(RG) as a winter cover crop and winter fallow(WF) without weed. Subplots were three N treatments for each rice season: 0(N_0), 100(N_(100)) and 200 kg N ha–1(N_(200)). In the 3-year experiment, RG reduced grain yield and plant N uptake for early rice(0.4–1.7 t ha–1 for grain yield and 4.6–20.3 kg ha–1 for N uptake) and double rice(0.6–2.0 t ha–1 for grain yield and 6.3–27.0 kg ha–1 for N uptake) when compared with WF among different N rates. Yield and N uptake decrease due to RG was smaller in N_(100) and N_(200) plots than in N_0 plots. The reduction in early rice grain yield in RG plots was associated with decrease number of panicles. Agronomic N use efficiency and fertilizer N recovery efficiency were higher in RG plots than winter fallow for early rice and double rice among different N rates and experimental years. RG tended to have little effect on grain yield, N uptake, agronomic N use efficiency, and fertilizer N recovery efficiency in the late rice season. These results suggest that ryegrass may reduce grain yield while it improves rice N use efficiency in a double rice cropping system. 展开更多
关键词 double rice grain yield N uptake N use efficiency winter cover crop
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The Possible Effect of Climate Warming on Northern Limits of Cropping System and Crop Yield in China 被引量:20
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作者 YANG Xiao-guang LIU Zhi-juan CHEN Fu 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2011年第4期585-594,共10页
Significantly increasing temperature since the 1980s in China has become a consensus under the background of global climate change and how climate change affects agriculture or even cropping systems has attracted more... Significantly increasing temperature since the 1980s in China has become a consensus under the background of global climate change and how climate change affects agriculture or even cropping systems has attracted more and more attention from Chinese government and scientists. In this study, the possible effects of climate warming on the national northern limits of cropping systems, the northern limits of winter wheat and double rice, and the stable-yield northern limits of rainfed winter wheat-summer maize rotation in China from 1981 to 2007 were analyzed. Also, the possible change of crop yield caused by planting limits displacement during the periods 1950s-1981 and 1981-2007 was compared and discussed. The recognized calculation methods of agricultural climatic indices were employed. According to the indices of climatic regionalization for cropping systems, the national northern limits of cropping systems, winter wheat and double rice, and the stable-yield northern limits of rainfed winter wheat-summer maize rotation during two periods, including the 1950s-1980 and 1981-2007, were drawn with ArcGIS software. Compared with the situation during the 1950s- 1980, the northern limits of double cropping system during 1981-2007 showed significant spatial displacement in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, and Liaoning provinces and Beijing municipality, China. The northern limits of triple cropping system showed the maximum spatial displacement in Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang provinces, China. Without considering variety change and social economic factors, the per unit area grain yield of main planting patterns would increase about 54-106% if single cropping system was replaced by double cropping system, which turned out to be 27- 58% if double cropping system was replaced by triple cropping system. In Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai provinces, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia autonomous regions, China, the northern limits of winter wheat during 1981-2007 moved northward and expanded westward in different degrees, compared with those during the 1950s-1980. Taking Hebei Province as an example, the northern limits of winter wheat moved northward, and the per unit area grain yield would averagely increase about 25% in the change region if the spring wheat was replaced by winter wheat. In Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, and Hunan provinces, China, the planting northern limits of double rice moved northward, and the per unit area grain yield would increase in different degrees only from the perspective of heat resource. The stable- yield northern limits of rainfed winter wheat-summer maize rotation moved southeastward in most regions, which was caused by the decrease of local precipitation in recent years. During the past 50 yr, climate warming made the national northern limits of cropping systems move northward in different degrees, the northern limits of winter wheat and double rice both moved northward, and the cropping system change would cause the increase of per unit area grain yield in the change region. However, the stable-yield northern limits of rainfed winter wheat-summer maize rotation moved southeastward due to the decrease of precipitation. 展开更多
关键词 climate warming the northern limits of cropping system the planting northern limits of winter wheat the planting northern limits of double rice crop yield
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Analysis on Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Super Hybrid Rice 被引量:16
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作者 WU Wen-ge ZHANG Hong-cheng +4 位作者 QIAN ZHAI Chao-qun DAI Qi-gen Ying-fei CHENG Ye Wu Gui-cheng 《Rice science》 SCIE 2008年第2期110-118,共9页
Six middle-season indica hybrid rice combinations, including five super hybrid rice combinations with the high yield about 10.5 t/ha and a check hybrid rice combination Shanyou 63 with a yield potential about 9.5 t/ha... Six middle-season indica hybrid rice combinations, including five super hybrid rice combinations with the high yield about 10.5 t/ha and a check hybrid rice combination Shanyou 63 with a yield potential about 9.5 t/ha, were used as materials to study the dry matter production characteristics. The super hybrid rice showed a high ability in dry matter production and accumulation and its yield enhanced with the increase of dry matter accumulation. The advantage period of dry matter production in the super hybrid rice was mainly at the middle and late growth stages compared with the check. The grain yield had no significant correlation with the dry matter accumulation before the elongation stage while had a significantly positive correlation with the dry matter accumulation from the elongation to maturity stages in super hybrid rice. There were more dry matter in vegetative organs at the heading stage in the super hybrid rice but its contribution to yield (apparent conversion percentage) was averagely 4.3 percent points lower than that in the check. For crop growth rate (CGR), the comparative advantage of super hybrid rice was at the middle and late stages, especially after flowering. Moreover, as the rising of leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD), CGR enhanced. The total LAD and the mean of lAD per day of super hybrid rice was about 14.79% and 10.31% higher than those of the check, respectively. The results indicate that the high yield of super hybrid rice mostly comes from the products of photosynthesis after heading, which is shown by the increased CGR at middle and later stages. It is suggested that LAD character might be used to better explain the advantage in the dry matter production of super hybrid rice than LAI. 展开更多
关键词 super hybrid rice dry matter production crop growth rate leaf area duration leaf area index net assimilation rate
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Research Advances in High-Yielding Cultivation and Physiology of Super Rice 被引量:4
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作者 Fu Jing YANG Jian-chang 《Rice science》 2012年第3期177-184,共8页
In 1996,China launched a program to breed super rice or super hybrid rice by combining intersubspecific heterosis with ideal plant types.Today,approximately 80 super rice varieties have been released and some of them ... In 1996,China launched a program to breed super rice or super hybrid rice by combining intersubspecific heterosis with ideal plant types.Today,approximately 80 super rice varieties have been released and some of them show high grain yields of 12-21 t/hm2 in field experiments.The main reasons for the high yields of super rice varieties,compared with those of conventional varieties,can be summarized as follows:more spikelets per panicle and larger sink size (number of spikelets per square meter);larger leaf area index,longer duration of green leaf,greater photosynthetic rate,higher lodging resistance,greater dry matter accumulation before the heading stage,greater remobilization of pre-stored carbohydrates from stems and leaves to grains during the grain-filling period;and larger root system and greater root activity.However,there are two main problems in super rice production:poor grain-filling of the later-flowering inferior spikelets (in contrast to earlier-flowering superior spikelets),and low and unstable seed-setting rate.Here,we review recent research advances in the crop physiology of super rice,focusing on biological features,formation of yield components,and population quality.Finally,we suggest further research on crop physiology of super rice. 展开更多
关键词 super rice grain yield grain filling crop physiology
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Dynamics of decadal changes in the distribution of double-cropping rice cultivation in China 被引量:10
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作者 DUAN JuQi ZHOU GuangSheng 《Chinese Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS 2013年第16期1955-1963,共9页
Quantitative description of changes in the distribution of paddy rice cultivation in response to recent climate change provides a reference for rice cultivation patterns and formulation of countermeasures to cope with... Quantitative description of changes in the distribution of paddy rice cultivation in response to recent climate change provides a reference for rice cultivation patterns and formulation of countermeasures to cope with future climate change in China. This study analyzes the dynamics of decadal changes in distribution of double-cropping rice in China during 1961-2010 in relation to climate change based on the maximum entropy method. Decadal changes in the double-cropping rice cultivation area and climatic suitability in China were apparent. The total area of climatically suitable regions was highest in the 1960s, and subsequently showed an increasing trend at first and then a decreasing trend from the 1970s to 2000s. However, the low climatic suitability area decreased, which implied that the moderate and high climatic suitability areas increased. Among the latter, the high climatic suitability area showed the highest increase in extent to 4.4 times that of the 1990s and four times that of the 1960s. The areas of double-cropping rice cultivation most sensitive to climate change are mainly located in central Jiangsu, central Anhui, the eastern Sichuan Basin, southern Henan and central Guizhou. Transformation of areas between low and moderate climatic suitability was observed in northern Zhejiang, southern Anhui and Hubei, and northern Guangxi. Transformation of areas between moderate and high climatic suitability was observed in central Jiangxi and Leizhou Peninsula. The northern boundary of double-cropping rice cultivation in China shifted southwards and contracted eastwards in the 1970s, and extended northwards in the 1980s. However, the northern boundary did not shift northwards in response to climate warming in the 2000s. 展开更多
关键词 年代际变化 水稻种植 双季稻 中国 未来气候变化 种植面积 适宜地区 四川盆地东部
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