Loosely coordinating diluted highly concentrated electrolyte toward -60℃ Li metal batteries

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs) promise energy density over 400 Wh kg^(-1).However,they suffer severe electrochemical performance deterioration at sub-zero temperatures.Such failure behavior highly correlates to inferior lithium metal anode(LMA) compatibility and sluggish Li^(+) desolvation.Here,we demonstrate that cyclopentylmethyl ether(CPME) based diluted high-concentration electrolyte(DHCE)enables-60℃ LMBs operation.By leveraging the loose coordination between Li^(+) and CPME,such developed electrolyte boosts the formation of ion clusters to derive anion-dominant interfacial chemistry for enhancing LMA compatibility and greatly accelerates Li^(+) desolvation kinetics.The resulting electrolyte demonstrates high Coulombic efficiencies(CE),providing over 99.5%,99.1%,98.5% and 95% at 25,-20,-40,and-60℃respectively.The assembled Li-S battery exhibits remarkable cyclic stability in-20,and-40℃ at 0.2 C charging and 0.5 C discharging.Even at-60℃,Li-S cell with this designed electrolyte retains> 70% of the initial capacity over 170 cycles.Besides,lithium metal coin cell and pouch cell with10 mg cm^(-2) high S cathode loading exhibit cycling stability at-20℃.This work offers an opportunity for rational designing electrolytes toward low temperature LMBs.

<i>H</i>(.,.)<i>- φ - η -</i>Accretive Operators and Generalized Variational-Like Inclusions

In this paper, we generalize H(.,.) accretive operator introduced by Zou and Huang [1] and we call it H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator. We define the resolvent operator associated with H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator and prove its Lipschitz continuity. By using these concepts an iterative algorithm is suggested to solve a generalized variational-like inclusion problem. Some examples are given to justify the definition of H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator.

Semi-Commutative Differential Operators Associated with the Dirac Opetator and Darboux Transformation

In the present paper, the semi-commutative differential oparators associated with the 1-dimensional Dirac operator are constructed. Using this results, the hierarchy of the mKdV (-) polynomials are expressed in terms of the KdV polynomials. These formulas give a new interpretation of the classical Darboux transformation and the Miura transformation. Moreover, the recursion operator associated with the hierarchy of the mKdV (-) polynomials is constructed by the algebraic method.

The Popularization and Application of Cold Storage Red Blood Cells or Whole Blood at -80 ℃ of the Rh(D) Negative Patients in Surgical Operation

Summary: The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at -80 ℃ used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at -80 ℃ for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K +, Na +, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K + and blood Na + was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at -80 ℃ could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation.

L^0-CONVEX COMPACTNESS AND RANDOM NORMAL STRUCTURE IN L^0(F,B)

Let(B,||·||)be a Banach space,(?,F,P)a probability space,and L^0(F,B)the set of equivalence classes of strong random elements(or strongly measurable functions)from(?,F,P)to(B,||·||).It is well known that L^0(F,B)becomes a complete random normed module,which has played an important role in the process of applications of random normed modules to the theory of Lebesgue-Bochner function spaces and random operator theory.Let V be a closed convex subset of B and L^0(F,V)the set of equivalence classes of strong random elements from(?,F,P)to V.The central purpose of this article is to prove the following two results:(1)L^0(F,V)is L^0-convexly compact if and only if V is weakly compact;(2)L^0(F,V)has random normal structure if V is weakly compact and has normal structure.As an application,a general random fixed point theorem for a strong random nonexpansive operator is given,which generalizes and improves several well known results.We hope that our new method,namely skillfully combining measurable selection theorems,the theory of random normed modules,and Banach space techniques,can be applied in the other related aspects.

A Comparative Analysis of the New -3(-n) - 1 Remer Conjecture and a Proof of the 3n + 1 Collatz Conjecture

This scientific paper is a comparative analysis of two mathematical conjectures. The newly proposed -3(-n) - 1 Remer conjecture and how it is related to and a proof of the more well known 3n + 1 Collatz conjecture. An overview of both conjectures and their respective iterative processes will be presented. Showcasing their unique properties and behavior to each other. Through a detailed comparison, we highlight the similarities and differences between these two conjectures and discuss their significance in the field of mathematics. And how they prove each other to be true.

Low noise,continuous-wave single-frequency 1.5-μm laser generated by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator

We report a low noise continuous-wave （CW） single-frequency 1.5-μm laser source obtained by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator （SRO） based on periodically poled lithium niobate （PPLN）. The SRO was pumped by a CW single-frequency Nd：YVO4 laser at 1.06μm. The 1.02 W of CW single-frequency signal laser at 1.5 μm was obtained at pump power of 6 W. At the output power of around 0.75 W, the power stability was better than ±l.5% and no mode-hopping was observed in 30 min and frequency stability was better than 8.5 MHz in 1 min. The signal wavelength could be tuned from 1.57 to 1.59 μm by varying the PPLN temperature. The 1.5-μm laser exhibits low noise characteristics, the intensity noise of the laser reaches the shot noise limit （SNL） at an analysis frequency of 4 MHz and the phase noise is less than 1 dB above the SNL at analysis frequencies above 10 MHz.

Research progress and development trends of highway tunnels in China

The highway tunnel system in China has in recent years surpassed Europe, the United States, and other developed countries in terms of mileage, scale, complexity, and technical achievement. Much scientific research has been conducted, and the results have greatly facilitated the rapid development of China＇s highway tunnel building capacity. This article presents the historical development of highway tunneling in China, according to specific charac- teristics based on construction and operation. It provides a systematic analysis of the major achievements and chal- lenges with respect to construction techniques, operation, monitoring, repair, and maintenance. Together with future trends of highway tunneling in China, suggestions have been made for further research, and development prospects have been identified with the for a Chinese-style highway aim of laying the foundation tunnel construction method and technical architecture.

Integrated Knitwear Production for Hong Kong and the Interior of China

Hong Kong knitwear manufacturers were among the pioneers to invest in the Pearl River Delta region of Guang-dong,China.Owing to limitations on technological levelat the time of the initial investments,the content of pro-duction-sharing for the Inland in China were basically of simple technology and labour intensive in nature.Through venturing hardships,the investment has been able to boost the economy of Guangdong and foster close trade relationship,especially in outward processing trade,By now,the co-operative production

A nearly analytic exponential time difference method for solving 2D seismic wave equations

In this paper, we propose a nearly analytic exponential time difference （NETD） method for solving the 2D acoustic and elastic wave equations. In this method, we use the nearly analytic discrete operator to approximate the high-order spatial differential operators and transform the seismic wave equations into semi-discrete ordinary differential equations （ODEs）. Then, the converted ODE system is solved by the exponential time difference （ETD） method. We investigate the properties of NETD in detail, including the stability condition for 1-D and 2-D cases, the theoretical and relative errors, the numerical dispersion relation for the 2-D acoustic case, and the computational efficiency. In order to further validate the method, we apply it to simulating acoustic/elastic wave propagation in mul- tilayer models which have strong contrasts and complex heterogeneous media, e.g., the SEG model and the Mar- mousi model. From our theoretical analyses and numerical results, the NETD can suppress numerical dispersion effectively by using the displacement and gradient to approximate the high-order spatial derivatives. In addition, because NETD is based on the structure of the Lie group method which preserves the quantitative properties of differential equations, it can achieve more accurate results than the classical methods.

The Business of Managing Risk and Network Security:An Exploration of Knowledge Transfer Issues within the Context of Data Security and Countermeasure Trade Offs

The contemporary environment within which command,control,communications,computers and intelligence (C4I platforms exist, have a number of characteristics. These characteristics may be most obviously identified as interconnectivity, international networking, speed of data transfer, the compact nature of electronic information and rapidly changing technology. Information security professionals employ a variety of approaches in order to counter risks within this complex and fluid environment. The gamut of potential security activities ranges form access control through a variety of auditing techniques to secure data communications. This field is broad and well documented. Indeed, the discipline of network risk management and data security is both well developed and sophisticated.This paper addresses twin themes:i.The fundamental issue of the method by which specific approaches are employed. This is a precursor to the adoption of an eventual strategy.ii.The crucial issues revolving around the

Global Glance

The new owner of the Mountain Pass rare earths mine in California is MP Mine Operations LLC - a Chinese-led consortium including rare earths miner Shenghe Resources. The mine, which was the only functioning rare earths mine in the US before it went bankrupt in 2015, went up for auction on Wednesday. The eventual sale price was significantly higher than ERP's original "stalking horse" offer of $1.2 million back in April.

Performance of the Prostate Health Index in predicting prostate biopsy outcomes among men with a negative digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography

The [-2]proPSA （p2PSA） and its derivatives, the p2PSA-to-free PSA ratio （%p2PSA）, and the Prostate Health Index （PHI） have greatly improved discrimination between men with and without prostate cancer （PCa） in prostate biopsies. However, little is known about their performance in cases where a digital rectal examination （DRE） and transrectal ultrasonography （TRUS） are negative. A prospective cohort of 261 consecutive patients in China with negative DRE and TRUS were recruited and underwent prostate biopsies. A serum sample had collected before the biopsy was used to measure various PSA derivatives, including total prostate-specific antigen （tPSA）, free PSA, and p2PSA. For each patient, the free-to-total PSA ratio （%fPSA）, PSA density （PSAD）, p2PSA-to-free PSA ratio （%p2PSA）, and PHI were calculated. Discriminative performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） and the biopsy rate at 91% sensitivity. The AUC scores within the entire cohort with respect to age, tPSA, %fPSA, PSAD, p2PSA, %p2PSA, and PHI were 0.598, 0.751, 0.646, 0.789, 0.814, 0.808, and 0.853, respectively. PHI was the best predictor of prostate biopsy results, especially in patients with a tPSA of 10.1-20 ng ml-1. Compared with other markers, at a sensitivity of 91%, PHI was the most useful for determining which men did not need to undergo biopsy, thereby avoiding unnecessary procedures. The use of PHI could improve the accuracy of PCa detection by predicting prostate biopsy outcomes among men with a negative DRE and TRUS in China.

A New View on Fuzzy Hypermodules

We describe the relationship between the fuzzy sets and the algebraic hyperstructures. In fact, this paper is a continuation of the ideas presented by Davvaz in （Fuzzy Sets Syst., 117： 477- 484, 2001） and Bhakat and Das in （Fuzzy Sets Syst., 80： 359-368, 1996）. The concept of the quasicoincidence of a fuzzy interval value with an interval-valued fuzzy set is introduced and this is a natural generalization of the quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy point in fuzzy sets. By using this new idea, the concept of interval-valued （α,β）-fuzzy sub-hypermodules of a hypermodule is defined. This newly defined interval-valued （α,β）-fuzzy sub-hypermodule is a We shall study such fuzzy sub-hypermodules and sub-hypermodules of a hypermodule. generalization of the usual fuzzy sub-hypermodule. consider the implication-based interval-valued fuzzy