An AND-LUT Based Hybrid FPGA Architecture

A new hybrid FPGA architecture is proposed. The logic tile,which consists of a logic cluster and related connection boxes （CBs）, can be configured as either programmable logic arrays （PLAs） or look-up tables （LUTs）, This architecture can be classified as an AND-LUT array. PLAs are suitable for the implementation of high fan-in logic circuits, while LUTs are used to implement low fan-in logic circuits. As a result, the proposed hybrid FPGA architecture （HFA） is more flexible to improve logic density. Experiments based on MCNC benchmark circuits were performed in both the hybrid architecture and conventional LUT-based symmetrical FPGA architecture in term of area consumption. Preliminary results indicate that on average, the area is reduced by 46% using the new hybrid architecture.

关于ρ-混合序列的完全收敛性

本文考虑了ρ-混合序列的完全收敛性问题,得到的结果改进了 Peligrad(1985)和苏淳(1988)相应的结论,并完满地解决了苏淳(1988)提出的问题.

Prediction of Gas Emission Based on Infor-mation Fusion and Chaotic Time Series

In order to make more exact predictions of gas emissions, information fusion and chaos time series are com- bined to predict the amount of gas emission in pits. First, a multi-sensor information fusion frame is established. The frame includes a data level, a character level and a decision level. Functions at every level are interpreted in detail in this paper. Then, the process of information fusion for gas emission is introduced. On the basis of those data processed at the data and character levels, the chaos time series and neural network are combined to predict the amount of gas emission at the decision level. The weights of the neural network are gained by training not by manual setting, in order to avoid subjectivity introduced by human intervention. Finally, the experimental results were analyzed in Matlab 6.0 and prove that the method is more accurate in the prediction of the amount of gas emission than the traditional method.

On the Second Borel-Cantelli Lemma for α-mixing Sequences of Events

In this paper, we give some conditions on diverging rate of series of the probabilities and converging rate of series of the α-mixing coefficients for sequences of events, under which the conclusion of the Second Borel-Cantelli Lemma holds. As corollaries, some moment conditions are obtained, under which the strong law of large numbers holds for sequences of identically distributed random variables.

A NEW APPROACH TO PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC ARRAY FOR SINGLE-CLOCK CMOS

Programmable Logic Array (PLA) is an important building circuit of VLSI chips and some of the FPGA architectures have evolved from the basic PLA architectures. In this letter, a dynamic and static mixed PLA with single-phased clock is presented. Combining both dynamic and static design style rather than introducing additional interface-buffers overcomes the racing problem, thereby saves the chip area. Besides inheriting the advantages of dynamic circuit-low power dissipation and compact structure, this approach also provides high-speed operation.

Flexoelectric-Induced Voltage Shift in Hybrid Aligned Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell

Flexoelectric-induced voltage shift in a weak anchoring hybrid aligned nematic fiquid crystai cell is investigated theoretically. Based on the elastic theory of liquid crystal and the variation method, the equations for the bulk and the boundary of the cell are derived. By computer simulation, the dependence of the shift voltage on the sum of the ttexoelectric coefficients and the anchoring energy strength is obtained. As a result, a novel method to determine the sum of the flexoelectric coefficients by measuring the shift voltage is put forward.

A Contraction-expansion Helical Mixer in the Laminar Regime

A contraction-expansion helical mixer which combines several features, viz. helical pipes for induction of secondary flows and sudden expansion and contraction array tor expansion vortices, has been designed to en- hance flow mixing. A fast competitive-consecutive diazo coupling reaction is used to test the mixing efficiency of contraction-expansion helical mixer. Furthermore, an image processing technique is applied for data visualization and monitoring the extent of mixing. The mixing performance is found to be superior in comparison to the regular helical mixer in the range of Reynolds number from 170 to 1540. Moreover, the mixing time of contraction-expansion helical mixer was found to be reduced by more than 25% compared to the regular helical pipe. Finally, a simple correlation is proposed for predicting the mixing time.

A Location-Based Content Search Approach in Hybrid Delay Tolerant Networks

In Delay Tolerant Networks （DTNs）, the offiine users can, through the encountering nodes, use the specific peer-to-peer message routing approach to deliver messages to the destination. Thus, it solves the problem that users have the demands to deliver messages while they are temporarily not able to connect to the Internet. Therefore, by the characteristics of DTNs, people who are not online can still query some location based information, with the help of users using the same service in the nearby area. In this paper, we proposed a location-based content search approach. Based on the concept of three-tier area and hybrid node types, we presented four strategies to solve the query problem, namely, Data Replication, Query Replication, Data Reply, and Data Synchronization strategies. Especially we proposed a Message Queue Selection algorithm for message transferring. The priority concept is set associated with every message such that the most ＂important＂ one could be sent first. In this way, it can increase the query success ratio and reduce the query delay time. Finally, we evaluated our approach, and compared with other routing schemes. The simulation results showed that our proposed approach had better query efficiency and shorter delay.

Linear Growth of Continuous-Wave Four-Wave Mixing with Dual Induced Transparency

Using Schroedinger-Maxwell formalism, we propose and analyze an opticalfour-wave mixing (FWM) scheme for the generation of coherent light in a coherent six-level atomicmedium based on dual electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We show that the significantlyenhanced conversion efficiency enabled by ultraslow propagation of pump waves has no directrelationship with the single-photon detuning, which is different from the FWM with a single EIT. Themost important feature is that our scheme is also capable of inhibiting and delaying the onset ofthe detrimental three-photon destructive interference that looks like a recent scheme [Phys. Rev.Lett. 91 (2003) 243902] and may be used for generating short-wave-length coherent radiation.

Recouping Braking Energy from Diesel-Hauled Commuter Trains

Research was undertaken to define the concept of a coach-based braking energy recoupment, storage and regeneration system to augment the acceleration of regional commuter trains hauled by diesel locomotives. Functional specifications were developed having the goal of increasing by 25% the acceleration rate of a train consisting of 10 bi-level coaches hauled by a 3,000 hp diesel locomotive, typical of the rolling stock now in commuter services in Canada and the USA. Examining three alternate hybrid system technologies for train retardation based, respectively, on hydrostatic, battery and ultracapacitor energy storage. The ultracapacitor hybrid system appeared the most promising due to the capability ofultracapacitors to repeatedly and rapidly accept large energy charges without degradation, temperature insensitive and flexible in the placement of modules in the limited space available. Analyses of train operation simulations showed that in addition to augmenting acceleration and reducing trip time, braking energy recoupment reduced fuel consumption and concomitant diesel emissions.

Extreme value distributions of mixing two sequences with different MDA＇s

Suppose {Xi, i≥1} and {Yi, i≥1} are two independent sequences with distribution functions FX(x) and FY(x), respectively. Zi is the combination of Xi and Yi with a probability pn for each i with 1≤i≤n. The extreme value distribution ,n GZ(x) of this particular triangular array of the i.i.d. random variables Z1, , Z2, ,…, Zn n n ,nis discussed. We found a new form of the extreme value distribution ΛA(ρx)Λ(x)(0<ρ <1), which is not max-stable. It occurs if FX(x) and FY(x) belong to the same MDA(Λ). GZ(x) does not exist as mixture forms of the different types of extreme value distributions.

The bonding bite plate combined with the face mask protracting maxilla to treat skeletal crossbite in the early mixed dentition

Objective： To evaluate the orthopedic effects of a new method to treat skeletal crossbite in the early mixed dentition. Methods ：Twenty cases （5.8-7. 5 years old ） with skeletal crossbite were treated by bonding the bite plate combined with the face mask protracting the upper jaw. Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed before and after treatments. Results： On average, in all 20 cases the maxilla was moved by 2.06 mm forwards the mandible was turned 2.45° downward and backwards the skeletal crossbites were corrected and the facial profiles were improved satisfactorily. The period of treatment was conducted for 1.7 months on average. Conclusion： A good effect can be achieved by bonding bite plate combined with the face mask protracting the upper jaw to treat skeletal crossbite in the early mixed dentition, which will benefit the craniofacial growth and the development of young children.

A new hybrid algorithm for global optimization and slope stability evaluation

A new hybrid optimization algorithm was presented by integrating the gravitational search algorithm （GSA） with the sequential quadratic programming （SQP）, namely GSA-SQP, for solving global optimization problems and minimization of factor of safety in slope stability analysis. The new algorithm combines the global exploration ability of the GSA to converge rapidly to a near optimum solution. In addition, it uses the accurate local exploitation ability of the SQP to accelerate the search process and find an accurate solution. A set of five well-known benchmark optimization problems was used to validate the performance of the GSA-SQP as a global optimization algorithm and facilitate comparison with the classical GSA. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed method for slope stability analysis was investigated using three ease studies of slope stability problems from the literature. The factor of safety of earth slopes was evaluated using the Morgenstern-Price method. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the hybrid algorithm converges faster to a significantly more accurate final solution for a variety of benchmark test functions and slope stability problems.

Moving object detection method based on complementary multi resolution background models

A novel moving object detection method was proposed in order to adapt the difficulties caused by intermittent object motion,thermal and dynamic background sequences.Two groups of complementary Gaussian mixture models were used.The ghost and real static object could be classified by comparing the similarity of the edge images further.In each group,the multi resolution Gaussian mixture models were used and dual thresholds were applied in every resolution in order to get a complete object mask without much noise.The computational color model was also used to depress illustration variations and light shadows.The proposed method was verified by the public test sequences provided by the IEEE Change Detection Workshop and compared with three state-of-the-art methods.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is better than others for all of the evaluation parameters in intermittent object motion sequences.Four and two in the seven evaluation parameters are better than the others in thermal and dynamic background sequences,respectively.The proposed method shows a relatively good performance,especially for the intermittent object motion sequences.

A New Hybrid Algorithm for Association Rule Mining

HA （hashing array）, a new algorithm, for mining frequent itemsets of large database is proposed. It employs a structure hash array, ltemArray （ ） to store the information of database and then uses it instead of database in later iteration. By this improvement, only twice scanning of the whole database is necessary, thereby the computational cost can be reduced significantly. To overcome the performance bottleneck of frequent 2-itemsets mining, a modified algorithm of HA, DHA （directaddressing hashing and array） is proposed, which combines HA with direct-addressing hashing technique. The new hybrid algorithm, DHA, not only overcomes the performance bottleneck but also inherits the advantages of HA. Extensive simulations are conducted in this paper to evaluate the performance of the proposed new algorithm, and the results prove the new algorithm is more efficient and reasonable.

Charaterization of Citrus Hybrid ＂Huangguogan＂ through the Combination of Morphological and Molecular Markers

Huangguogan, an obvious Citrus hybrid, is suitable for transportation and export and ripens in March or April. Because of late season, it may playa significant role in fruit market. However, its origin is still unconfirmed. The aim of this study was to clarify the possible parentage of Huangguogan via the combination of morphological and molecular markers including simple sequence repeat （SSR） and chloroplast simple sequence repeat （cpSSR）. Analysis of morphological traits including leaf stalk length, phylliform index and fruit shape index indicated that Huangguogan had similarities in morphology with Sweet orange. The SSR Cluster Analysis showed that Huangguogan was clustered together with Hongju tangerine and revealed -80% genetic similarity. They illustrated a close genetic distance between Huangguogan and Hongju tangerine. In addition, the bands of2 polymorphic cpSSR were identical in Huangguoggan and Sweet orange. Consequently, it is likely that its female parentage was the sweet orange （Citrus sinensis （L.） Osbeck） and its male parentage was the tangerine （Citrus reticulata Blanco）.

Possibilities for Increasing Sunflower Resistance to Broomrape （ Orobanche cumana Wallr.）

Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape resistance uses different methods for testing breeding materials, looks for resistance sources in certain wild species of the genus Helianthus, and has so far produced significant results. Dominant genes for resistance to races A, B, C, D, E and F have been found and incorporated into cultivated sunflower genotypes. In the last two to three years, new broomrape populations have been discovered in several countries. None of the existing commercial hybrids resistant to races A, B, C, D, E and F have proven resistant to these new populations. Greenhouse testing conducted by the Fundulea Institute in Romania in 2009 has managed to identify two restorer lines that are resistant to all the new populations and can be used directly in developing hybrids. Sunflower breeders and geneticists have achieved significant results in the use of molecular markers for identifying new broomrape races. Marker-assisted selection should be used even more in the future search for Orobanche resistance. Broomrape can also be managed by the development of IMl-resistant hybrids or by using biological control.

Introducing semantic information into motion graph

To improve motion graph based motion synthesis,semantic control was introduced.Hybrid motion features including both numerical and user-defined semantic relational features were extracted to encode the characteristic aspects contained in the character's poses of the given motion sequences.Motion templates were then automatically derived from the training motions for capturing the spatio-temporal characteristics of an entire given class of semantically related motions.The data streams of motion documents were automatically annotated with semantic motion class labels by matching their respective motion class templates.Finally,the semantic control was introduced into motion graph based human motion synthesis.Experiments of motion synthesis demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach which enables users higher level of semantically intuitive control and high quality in human motion synthesis from motion capture database.

Coherent Point Drift Registration Combined with Image Feature and its Application

A key step of constructing active appearance model is requiring a set of appropriate training shapes with well-defined correspondences.In this paper,we introduce a novel point correspondence method(FB-CPD),which can improve the accuracy of coherent point drift(CPD) by using the information of image feature.The objective function of the proposed method is defined by both of geometric spatial information and image feature information,and the origin Gaussian mixture model in CPD is modified according to the image feature of points.FB-CPD is tested on the 3D prostate and liver point sets through the simulation experiments.The registration error can be reduced efficiently by FB-CPD.Moreover,the active appearance model constructed by FB-CPD can obtain fine segmentation in 3D CT prostate image.Compared with the original CPD,the overlap ratio of voxels was improved from 88.7% to 90.2% by FB-CPD.

Fast garment simulation with aid of hybrid bones

A data-driven method was proposed to realistically animate garments on human poses in reduced space. Firstly, a gradient based method was extended to generate motion sequences and garments were simulated on the sequences as our training data. Based on the examples, the proposed method can fast output realistic garments on new poses. Our framework can be mainly divided into offline phase and online phase. During the offline phase, based on linear blend skinning(LBS), rigid bones and flex bones were estimated for human bodies and garments, respectively. Then, rigid bone weight maps on garment vertices were learned from examples. In the online phase, new human poses were treated as input to estimate rigid bone transformations. Then, both rigid bones and flex bones were used to drive garments to fit the new poses. Finally, a novel formulation was also proposed to efficiently deal with garment-body penetration. Experiments manifest that our method is fast and accurate. The intersection artifacts are fast removed and final garment results are quite realistic.