Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyl transpeptidase:A formidable virulence factor

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)produce an enzyme known asγ-glutamyl transpeptidase(HpGGT)that is highly conserved and common to all strains.HpGGT has been gaining increasing attention as an important virulence factor of the bacterium,having been demonstrated to be an important colonization factor in several animal models and has also recently been strongly associated with the development of peptic ulcer disease.From the results of various independent researcher groups,it is clear that HpGGT acts through several pathways to damage gastric epithelial cells including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest,production of reactive oxygen species leading to DNA damage,promotion of inflammation by increasing cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-8 expression,and upregulation of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor resulting in cell survival and proliferation.In addition,the potential role of HpGGT in promoting gastric carcinogenesis will also be discussed in this review.Apart from affecting the gastric epithelium,HpGGT also has immunomodulatory actions on host immune cells where it displays an antiproliferative effect on T cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and also works with other H.pylori virulence factors to skew dendritic cells towards a tolerogenic phenotype,possibly contributing to the persistence of the pathogen in the gastric mucosa.

Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and its pathogenic role

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)is a bacterial virulence factor that converts glutamine into glutamate and ammonia,and converts glutathione into glutamate and cysteinylglycine.H.pylori GGT causes glutamine and glutathione consumption in the host cells,ammonia production and reactive oxygen species generation.These products induce cell-cycle arrest,apoptosis,and necrosis in gastric epithelial cells.H.pylori GGT may also inhibit apoptosis and induce gastric epithelial cell proliferation through the induction of cyclooxygenase-2,epidermal growth factor-related peptides,inducible nitric oxide synthase and interleukin-8.H.pylori GGT induces immune tolerance through the inhibition of T cell-mediated immunity and dendritic cell differentiation.The effect of GGT on H.pylori colonization and gastric persistence are also discussed.

Serum Gamma-glutamyl Transferase Levels Predict Functional Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Objective We aim to explore the potential association between serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a Chinese population. Methods A total of 386 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were included in the study from September 2007 to February 2015. Baseline serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and 6-month follow-up functional outcomes were determined. A poor outcome was defined as a modified ranking scale score of ≥ 3. The multivariable logistic model was used to analyze the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and clinical outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Results The adjusted poor outcome rates of patients with gamma-glutamyl transferase levels of 〈 30 U/L, 30-50 U/L and ≥ 50 U/L were 16.7%, 19.6%, and 34.4%, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. The age-sex and multivariable adjusted odds ratios （95% confidence intervals） of poor prognosis comparing the top group （≥ 50 U/L） with the lowest group （〈 30 U/L） were 5.76 （2.74-12.13）, 6.64 （2.05-21.52）, and 6.36 （1.92-21.02）. A significant linear trend existed between gamma-glutamyl transferase level and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage prognosis. This association was also observed among nondrinkers. Conclusion Patients with higher gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were more likely to have a poor prognosis. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase can be considered to be an independent predictor of functional outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Association of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase with treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis B patients

AIM:To investigate the association of serum gammaglutamyl transferase(GGT) levels with chronic hepatitis B infection and hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion.METHODS:A retrospective study was performed on clinical data collected from patients who had been positive for hepatitis B surface antigen for > 6 mo and who were antiviral-treatment na?ve(n = 215) attending the Hepatitis Clinic at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between August 2010 and December 2013. Healthy individuals without liver disease(n = 83) were included as controls. Patients were categorized into four groups based on disease status as recommended by the European Association for the Study of the Liver:immune tolerance(IT; n = 47),HBe Ag-positive hepatitis(EPH; n = 93),HBe Ag-negative hepatitis(ENH;n = 20),and inactive carrier(IC; n = 55). Prediction of complete response(CR) based on serum GGT was also examined in EPH patients(n = 33) treated for 48 wk with nucleos(t)ide analogue(NA) therapy,including lamivudine plus adefovir combination therapy(n = 20) or entecavir monotherapy(n = 13). CR was defined as a serum hepatitis B virus DNA level < 500 copies/m L and HBe Ag seroconversion by 48 wk of treatment. RESULTS:Serum GGT levels were significantly increased in EPH and ENH patients relative to the IT,IC,and healthy control groups(P < 0.01 for all). However,no significant difference in serum GGT levels was found between the EPH and ENH groups. Baseline serum GGT levels were significantly higher in patients who achieved CR(7/33; 21.2%) compared to patients in the non-CR group(26/33; 78.8%; P = 0.011). In addition,the decline in serum GGT was greater in CR patients compared to non-CR patients after 24 wk and 48 wk of treatment(P = 0.012 and P = 0.008,respectively). The receiver operating characteristic curve yielded a sensitivity of 85.71% and a specificity of 61.54% at a threshold value of 0.89 times the upper limit of normal for baseline serum GGT in the prediction of CR following NA therapy. CONCLUSION:Serum GGT is significantly elevated in EPH and ENH patients and is a potential biomarker for the prediction of HBe Ag seroconversion following NA therapy.

Associations between y-glutamyl transferase, metabolic abnormalities and inflammation in healthy subjects from a population-based cohort: A possible implication for oxidative stress

AIM: To examine the relationships between γ -glutamyltransferase (GGT), alanine-aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) and various metabolic parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and an oxidative stress marker (nitrotyrosine, NT) in subjects without any metabolic abnormalities from a population-based sample.METHODS: Two hundred and five subjects with normal body mass index (BMI), glucose tolerance, and without any metabolic abnormality were studied out of 1339subjects, without known liver diseases, alcohol abuse or use of hepatotoxic drugs, who are representative of the 45-64 aged population of Asti (north-western Italy).RESULTS: In all patients metabolic parameters and hs-CRP levels linearly increase from the lowest to the highest ALT and GGT tertiles, while in subjects without metabolic abnormalities, there is a significant association between fasting glucose, uric acid, waist circumference,hs-CRP, triglyceride values, and GGT levels. In these subjects, male sex, higher hs-CRP and glucose levels are associated with GGT levels in a multiple regression model, after adjustments for multiple confounders.In the same model, median NT levels are significantly associated with the increasing GGT tertile (β = 1.06;95%CI 0.67-1.45), but not with the AST and ALT tertiles.In a multiple regression model, after adjusting for age,sex, BMI, waist, smoking, and alcohol consumption, both NT (β = 0.05; 95%CI 0.02-0.08) and hs-CRP levels (β =0.09; 95%CI 0.03-0.15) are significantly associated with fasting glycemia.CONCLUSION: GGT, an easy, universally standardized and available measurement, could represent an early marker of sub-clinical inflammation and oxidative stress in otherwise healthy individuals. Prospective studies are needed to establish if GGT could predict future diabetes in these subjects.

Comparing the difference in enhancement of kokumi-tastingγ-glutamyl peptides on basic taste via molecular modeling approaches and sensory evaluation

γ-Glutamyl peptides can enhance basic taste sensations such as saltiness,sweetness,and umaminess,while the molecular mechanism and the difference in taste enhancement remain elusive.Thus,two complex conformations:taste type 1 receptor 1(T1 R1)-MSG and taste type 1 receptor 2(T1 R2)-sucrose were constructed to form binding receptors.These peptides showed affinity for the two receptors,but a higher affi nity scores and more binding amino acid residues for the T1 R1-MSG receptor,implying that they may exhibit a higher umami-enhancing effect.Thereinto,γ-glutamyl alanine(γ-EA)displayed the highest affi nity for the two receptors through mobilizing multiple amino acid residues to form hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds,indicating it had the highest enhancement for umaminess and sweetness among these peptides.Sensory evaluation demonstrated the enhancement ofγ-EA on umaminess was superior to that of sweetness.Generally,γ-glutamyl peptides could enhance basic taste sensation via activating taste receptor,and exhibited a highest umami-enhancing effect.

Genetic Mutation of Vitamin K-dependent Gamma-glutamyl Carboxylase Domain in Patients with Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis

To investigate the exon mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase （GGCX or VKDC） in patients with calcium oxalate urolithasis, renal cortex and peripheral blood samples were obtained from severe hydronephrosis patients （with or without calculi）, and renal tumor patients undergoing nephrectomy. GGCX mutations in all 15 exons were examined in 44 patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis （COU） by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and denatured high pressure liquid chromatography （DHPLC）, and confirmed by sequencing. Mutation was not found in all COU samples compared to the controls. These data demonstrated that functional GGCX mutations in all 15 exons do not occur in most COU patients. It was suggested that there may be no significant association between the low activity and mutation of GGCX in COU.

Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Abilities of Antioxidative and y-glutamyl Transpeptidase Activities in Liver and Intestine of Piglets Fed Diets Containing Raw Soybean

Eighteen male piglets weaned at 28 days age were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (1% glutamate. 1% and 2% glutamine supplementation). The basal diet contained 5% raw soybean. The diets were calculated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. The level of plasma glutahione(GSH) increased markedly in piglets fed glutamine, and the response was related to dose. In treatments I and I , the levels of plasma GSH were significantly higher than that in the control at the 35 days age (P<0.05). The level of plasma GSH in treatment I was significantly higher than that in the control at 42 days age (P<0. 05). At 49 days age, there was no significantly difference of the level of GSH in plasma, liver, spleen, intestine and mes-enteric lymph node. The level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver and spleen was higher than that of the control, however, the difference wasn't significant. Dietary glutamine supplementation decreased γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT) activities in liver. The activities of γ-GT of liver protein in treatmentⅡ were significantly lower than that in the control (P<0.05). The activities ofγ-GT of duodenum in treatments I and Ⅱwere also significantly lower than that in the control (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences of the activities of γ-GT in jejunum and ileum. The results showed that dietary glutamine supplementation increased the level of plasma GSH, and decreased γ-GT activities.

The Micro-determination of Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase

The method of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase colorimeter assay was modified by changing the wave length from 420 nm to 400 nm, the incubated temperature from 37℃ to 50℃, the sample amount from 30 μl to 6μl. The modified method was proved to be more sensitive, with CV of intra-group being 2. 06% and accuracy 97. 4%. The method is suitable for clinical application with small-amount blood samples collected frorri earlobe or finger tip.

Prognostic role of plasma levels ofγ-glutamyl transpeptidase in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

Objective Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)have become the mainstay of treatment for chemotherapy-refractory gastric cancer,characterized by high levels of programmed cell death ligand-1(PDL-1)expression.However,the routine clinical implementation of PDL-1 testing is currently limited by the lack of robust detection methods.In this regard,the role of plasmaγ-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT),an N-terminal nucleophilic hydrolase,as an independent predictor of the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy remains unknown.In this study,we aimed to assessed the prognostic role of changes in plasma GGT levels(6 weeks vs.baseline)in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 57 patients with gastric cancer treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies(camrelizumab,sintilimab,nivolumab,tislelizumab,and toripalimab)at the Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,China,from July 2018 to February 2021.Results We found that after 6 weeks of treatment,there were significant differences between responders and non-responders with respect to plasma GGT levels(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the continuous value of the 6-week difference in GGT levels(OR=1.437,95%CI=1.116-1.849,P=0.005)and 6-week difference in GGT≥0 or<0(OR=53.675,95%CI=6.379-451.669,P<0.001)were independent predictors of disease control.Survival analysis indicated that a reduction in plasma GGT6 levels during treatment was significantly associated with a favorable progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(P<0.001).Consistently,univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that a reduction in plasma GGT6 levels during treatment was an independent predictor of PFS(HR=1.033,95%CI=1.013-1.053,P=0.001).Conclusion Alterations in plasma GGT levels during treatment can be used as a predictor of disease progression and survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer undergoing treatment with anti-PD-1 antibodies.

Effect of <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i>SBC8803 on Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in Japanese Habitual Drinkers: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Japanese habitual drinkers was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 to alleviate adverse effect of alcohol. Subjects who drank habitually and had moderately higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (50 - 100 IU/L) were enrolled. The levels of transaminases in these subjects were almost within normal levels (aspartate transaminase (AST) <30 IU/L and alanine transaminase (ALT) <40 IU/L). Either the capsules containing placebo (n = 23) or 130 mg (4.0 × 1010 colony-forming units) of live L. brevis SBC8803 (n = 22) per day were administered for the continuous eight weeks (56 days). During the period, the subjects both in test group and placebo groups have kept each drinking behavior as usual. Regarding lipid metabolism, triacylglycerol (TG) levels in the male test group significantly decreased at week 4 as compared with week 0. Biomarkers of hepatocytes-damage;AST and ALT levels showed no significant differences between the pla- cebo and test groups at both weeks 4 and 8. Oxidative stress marker;GGT at weeks 4 was significantly lower in the test group than that in the placebo group (p = 0.017), but not at weeks 8. However, taking a reduced rate of GGT at weeks 8 comparing with that at week 0, that in the test group showed larger value comparing with that in the placebo group. These data about TG and GGT suggest that, although efficacy of L. brevis SBC8803 is limited in this study, intake of the probiotic may alleviate alcoholic influence in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Experimental Study of Efficiency of Tertapeptide Lysil-Glutamyl-Aspartyl- Proline Using the Model of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Experimental evaluation of efficiency of a new prostatotropic medication tertapeptide lysil-glutamyl-aspartyl-proline (Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro)?in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia was performed in Wistar rats. The efficiency of the medication was compared with that one of injections of the?Serenoa repensextract. The investigation showed the statistically significant decrease in the square of the epithelium of acini. The same effect of similar severity was obtained when the?Serenoa repens?extract was applied. Tertapeptide Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro, in difference from?Serenoa repens?extract, also resulted in weight loss and volume decrease of the prostate gland.

Expression and alterations of different molecular form γ-glutamyl transferase and total RNA concentration during the carcinogenesis of rat hepatoma

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Chiral Polyamides Having L-Glutamyl Residue as a Component

Polyamides with chiral environment were obtained from aromatic diamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine (1,3-PDA) or 1,4- phenylenediamine (1,4-PDA), and N-α-benzoyl-L-glutamic acid (Benzoyl-L-Glu). The optical rotation ([α]D) for 1,3- PDA-Benzoyl-L-Glu was determined to be 3.7 deg cm2 g–1, while that for 1,4-PDA-Benzoyl-L-Glu to be 9.7 deg cm2 g–1. 1,3-PDA-Benzoyl-L-Glu showed adsorption selectivity toward D-Glu and its adsorption selectivity was determined to be 1.68. Contrary to this, 1,4-PDA-Benzoyl-L-Glu showed adsorption selectivity toward L-Glu and the adsorption selectivity toward L-Glu was determined to be 1.33. From those results, those two types of chiral polyamide are expected to applicable to chiral separation or chiral recognition.

Serum Gamma-glutamyl Transferase Concentration Within the Reference Range is Related to the Coronary Heart Disease Risk Prediction in Korean Men： Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （V-1, 2010 and V-2, 2011）

Background：Limited data exist on the association of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase （GGT） level within the reference range with the increased risk of coronary heart disease （CHD） prediction in men.The study examined the association between serum GGT concentration within the reference range and the CHD risk prediction in Korean men.Methods：The study employed data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （V-1,2010 and V-2,2011） where a total of 1301 individuals were analyzed.A 10-year CHD risk prediction was computed using the Framingham Risk Score （FRS） modified by the National Cholesterol Education Program （NCEP） Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ （ATP Ⅲ）.Results：Positive correlations were established between log-transformed GGT concentration and FRS （r =0.237,P 〈 0.001）.After adjustment of body mass index,the amount of alcohol intake and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol,the odds ratio （95% confidence interval） for intermediate risk and beyond of 10-year CHD prediction （10-year risk ≥10%） with lowest quartile of participants was 1.21 （0.78-1.87） for second quartiles,1.39 （0.88-2.21） for third quartiles and 2.03 （1.23-3.34） for highest quartiles.Conclusions：Higher serum GGT within its reference range was significantly correlated with a 10-year CHD risk prediction estimation using NCEP ATP Ⅲ in Korean men.

NIR photosensitizers activated byγ-glutamyl transpeptidase for precise tumor fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy

Photodynamic therapy(PDT),a light triggered therapeutic mode,has been recognized as an attractive treatment for oncotherapy.The phototoxicity to normal tissues during treatment limited the development of PDT owing to the always“on”properties of photosensitizers.Activatable photosensitizers are of great importance for improving the selectivity of PDT.Herein,we regarded the overexpressed GGT(γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase)enzyme in tumor cells as a biomarker and developed an activatable photosensitizer Cy-GGT by decorating a specific recognition moiety of GGT,L-glutamic acid,to a hemicyanine dye based on photosensitizer Cy-NH_(2).Cy-GGT was in the“off”state with negligible fluorescence and suppressed singlet oxygen generation,but it could be specifically hydrolyzed to Cy-NH_(2) in the presence of GGT,accompanied with significant fluorescence recovery and singlet oxygen generation increase under light irradiation.The in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that Cy-GGT was suitable for precise tumor imaging and could work as an efficient photosensitizer for inhibiting tumor growth.

Gamma-glutamyl transferases： A structural, mechanistic and physiological perspective

Gamma glutamyl transferases （GGT） are highly conserved enzymes that occur from bacteria to humans. They remove terminal y-glutamyl residue from peptides and amides. GGTs play an important role in the homeostasis of glutathione （a major cellular antioxidant） and in the detoxification of xenobiotics in mammals. They are implicated in diseases like diabetes, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The physiological role of GGTs in bacteria is still unclear. Nothing is known about the basis for the strong conservation of the enzyme across the living system. The review focuses on the enzyme＇s physiology, chemistry and structural properties of the enzyme with emphasis on the evolutionary relationships. The available data indicate that the members of the GGT family share common structural features but are functionally heterogenous.

血清生化指标对前列腺癌风险预测的比较研究

目的评估穿刺前生化指标对前列腺癌患病风险的预测价值并构建诺莫图模型。方法回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年12月于苏州大学附属第一医院行经会阴前列腺穿刺活检患者的临床资料,共纳入479例,其中340例用于建模分析,139例作为独立的外部验证集。建模数据集中,根据病理结果的不同将两组数据分为阳性组(前列腺癌)170例和阴性组(良性前列腺增生)170例。通过Logistic单因素和多因素分析,寻找前列腺癌的独立风险因素,并绘制诺莫图,通过受试者工作特征曲线检验模型的效能。结果阴性、阳性两组数据之间年龄、游离前列腺特异性抗原/总前列腺特异性抗原比值(f/t PSA)、前列腺体积、基于多参数磁共振的前列腺影像学和数据评分系统、血清磷、谷氨酰转肽酶为前列腺癌的独立风险因素(P<0.05),绘制Logistic多因素模型的诺莫图,用于前列腺癌患病的风险预测。内部验证提示模型拟合度较好(平均绝对误差=0.011,n=340),外部验证表明所得曲线与理想线相接近(平均绝对误差=0.045,n=139)。受试者工作特征曲线结果显示,全模型的曲线下面积最高(AUC=0.874),与基线模型及各单因素模型相比,具有较好的效益。进一步绘制决策曲线及临床影响曲线表明,全模型的临床获益均高于其他模型。结论本研究联合血清磷、谷氨酰转肽酶以及年龄、f/t PSA、前列腺体积、磁共振PI-RADS评分等构建前列腺癌风险预测模型,具有较好的前列腺癌诊断效能。

乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的临床特征与预后的相关性

目的:回顾性分析乙型肝炎病毒感染(CHB)患者的临床特征与预后的相关性。方法:以2022年1月至2024年1月期间在郑州大学第五附属医院的CHB患者为研究对象,共入组152名CHB患者,以是否发生HBV-HCC为预后评价指标,对患者的临床特征进行了回顾和统计分析;通过对本研究患者的年龄、性别、吸烟史、酗酒、高脂血症、糖尿病史、PT、INR、AST、ALT、血小板、GGT、总胆红素、HBV DNA和肌酐等因素进行logistic回归分析,分析患者肝癌发生率的危险因素。接着采用ROC曲线寻找GGT对HBV-HCC的最佳预测阶段值,并验证GGT对患者患HCC的预测能力。结果:年龄、性别、吸烟史、嗜酒、糖尿病史、高血脂症、HBVDNA、PT、INR、血小板、AST、ALT、总胆红素以及肌酐(P>0.05),但GGT(P<0.001)、酗酒(P=0.004)、AST(P=0.007)、ALT(P=0.020)在两组间存在统计学差异(P<0.05);且多因素分析显示,GGT是HBV患者患HCC的危险因素(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析显示,GGT水平与HBV患者患HCC呈正相关(P<0.05);使用ROC曲线分析发现,当GGT水平最佳截断值为75U/L时,GGT预测HBV患者患HCC的AUC值为0.915。结论:GGT对HBV-HCC的最佳预截断段值为75 u/L,GGT对患者患HCC有预测价值。

急性NSTEMI患者PCI术后血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平及对预后的预测价值研究

目的探讨并分析急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后血清纤维蛋白原/白蛋白值(FAR)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GGT),N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平对预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2020年2月至2023年2月邯郸市中心医院收治的实施PCI的急性NSTEMI患者93例,根据术后30 d主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生情况将其分为MACE组(n=21)及无MACE组(n=72)。比较术前、术后30 d MACE组及无MACE组血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析对影响急性NSTEMI患者术后30 d MACE发生的危险因素进行分析,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平对急性NSTEMI患者术后MACE发生的预测价值。结果MACE组年龄为(65.37±3.46)岁;Killip分级为Ⅰ级2例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级5例,Ⅳ级11例;病变支数双支5例,3支16例;术后30 d血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平分别为(2.87±0.55)%、(53.27±3.06)U/L、(914.35±84.35)ng/mL。无MACE组的年龄为(58.71±2.86)岁;Killip分级为Ⅰ级32例,Ⅱ级27例,Ⅲ级7例,Ⅳ级6例;病变支数为双支53例,3支19例;术后30 d血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平分别为(2.12±0.51)%、(44.33±3.35)U/L、(656.82±75.63)ng/mL。MACE组和无MACE组的年龄、Killip分级、病变支数及术后30 d血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组性别、吸烟史、高血压史、高血脂史、糖尿病史及术前1 d血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP升高均为影响急性期NSTEMI患者术后MACE发生的独立危险因素(OR=3.074、2.686、3.340,P均<0.05)。ROC结果显示血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP及其联合检测预测急性NSTEMI患者术后MACE发生的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.681、0.690、0.733和0.790,联合检测的AUC更高(P<0.05)。结论血清FAR、γ-GGT、NT-proBNP水平升高增加了急性NSTEMI患者PCI术后MACE的发生风险,三者联合检测对患者术后不良预后有一定预测价值。