Oncological and Reproductive Outcomes of Fertility-sparing Surgery in Women with Early-stage Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma:A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Summary:With delayed childbearing in women,preservation of fertility is an important issue for reproductive-age patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma(EOC).Fertility-sparing surgery(FSS)can be considered in patients with early-stage disease in order to preserve fertility and improve quality of life.In order to evaluate oncological safety,attitudes toward childbearing and reproductive outcomes in women with EOC who underwent FSS,this multicenter retrospective study was conducted.Between January 2005 and December 2014,total of 87 young women with FIGO stage I EOC were included,with their clinicopathologic parameters in relation to disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)assessed.Attitudes toward childbearing,ovarian function and fertility were studied in women undergoing FSS(n=36).As a result,in contrast to radical sur ery,FSS did not affect prognosis by Kaplan-Meier curves(log-rank test;DFS:P=0.484;OS:P=0.125).However,two of the three recurrence cases and both death cases were in FSS group stage IC.All women undergoing FSS resumed regular menstrual periods after chemotherapy.Only 16(44.44%)had tried to conceive,and 17 pregnancies occurred in 15(93.75%)women.Among 20 women who did not attempt conception,the most common reason was not being married(70%),followed by already having children(15%).In summary,FSS is considered safe in young women with stage IA EOC.Regular menstruation and good obstetric outcomes can be achieved.This study also provides some insight into the attitudes and social factors regarding fertility in EOC patients.

Ultrasound-guided Open Nephron Sparing Surgery without Renal Artery Occlusion for Central Renal Tumors

From January 2008 to January 2013, 11 patients with central renal tumors underwent ultrasound-guided open nephron sparing surgery（ONSS） without renal artery occlusion. We removed the lesions, and the cut edges of the tumors were negative. Thus, we deduced that ultrasound-guided ONSS is suitable for the cases with obscure tumor boundary or multiple lesions. It could achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing lesions, as well as to expand the application range of nephron sparing surgery.

Tissue Sparing Surgery and Its Relevance within Hip Prosthesis

The total hip replacement rationale, since 1960 when it was introduced by Sir Charnley, has been modified and evolved until nowadays thanks to laboratory research and clinical trials. This evolution followed a guideline whose milestones are: 1) the surgical approach and implantation technique (ex: detachment of the greater trochanter);2) to use or not to use cement;3) the evolution of materials (titanium, ceramic, x-linked polyethylene);4) the identification of the debris-disease rather than the cement-disease;5) studies focused on bone-prosthesis interaction and biological phenomena related. Between those studies, the authors consider crucial the introduction of tissue sparing surgery and femoral neck preserving rationale, concepts to which they have devoted their scientific research and clinical experience for over the last 30 years, from 1980 to nowadays.

Evaluation of nephron sparing surgery for renal tumors:a single institution experience

Objective:The aim of the study was to report the experience of National Cancer Institute(NCI),Cairo University,Egypt,in managing various benign and malignant renal tumors with nephron sparing surgery(NSS),and to assess its safety and feasibility.Methods:Reviewing the literature for NSS,and records of patients who underwent NSS in the period from January 2000 to December 2009 at National Cancer Institute,Cairo University regarding the patient and tumor related characteristics,the indication for NSS,operative technique,postoperative complications,full histopathological data,and follow up results.Results:The total number of patients was 17.Mean age at surgery was 30.7 years(range 1.5-65 years).Five patients had bilateral tumors during surgery.The mean tumor size was 4.5 cm(range 1-9 cm).All patients had normal preoperative kidney functions.Seven patients had an absolute indication for NSS,6 patients had a relative indication,and 4 patients had an elective indication.All the 5 patients with bilateral tumors underwent bilateral simultaneous surgery.Cold ischemia was used in 8 patients,1 patient was exposed to warm ischemia,manual compression was used in 2 patients,and no vascular control was applied in 6 patients.Complications were encountered in 2 patients,one of them had urinary leakage which needed reoperation,and the other had subcutaneous hematoma which was treated conservatively.Histopathological analysis revealed Wilm's tumor(8 patients),angiomyolipoma(4 patients),renal cell carcinoma(4 patients),and hydatid cyst(1 patient).All patients had negative surgical margin.For patients with Wilm's tumor,the mean follow up was 21.4 months(range 0-94 months),2 patients had local recurrence,and 1 patient had distant metastasis.For patients with RCC,the mean follow up was 15.3 months(5-33 months),no patients had local recurrence or distant metastasis.All patients had normal kidney functions during postoperative and follow up periods.Conclusion:NSS is a feasible safe procedure that can be done with acceptable complications rate and it provides a good solution for patients with bilateral tumors,early localized renal cell carcinoma,and benign tumors.

Role of Ovarian Fertility Sparing Surgery (FSS) in Cases of Early Stage 1 Ovarian Cancer in Patients in Reproductive Age Group

Objective: To assess the role of FSS in women with early stage 1 ovarian cancer. Methods: This was a retrospective analytic study of the results of treatment of 24 patients all under 40 years of age who underwent a full conservative staging laparotomy procedure in oncology center of El Shatby Maternity hospital, Alexandria University in the period of one year from October 2019 to September 2020. All patients were followed up for a six month period following surgery by the pre-operatively elevated tumor marker and by a CT abdomen and pelvis to detect any tumor recurrence. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 24.29 Years. 6/24 (25%) of surface epithelial tumor were G1, 8/24 (33.3%) were G2, 4/24 (16.7%) were G3. 20/24 (83.3%) of patients were stage FIGO 1a, 4/25 (16.7%) were stage 1b, and none of them was stage 1c. 20/24 (83.3%) of patients were stage FIGO 1a, 4/25 (16.7%) were stage 1b, and none of them was stage 1c. Recurrence was reported in 3/24 of cases (12.5%), such 3 cases underwent unilateral SO plus a FCSLP. No recurrence was reported in cases of bilateral tumors that underwent unilateral SO and a contralateral cystectomy. 100% of recurrence was in epithelial tumors. 1/24 (4.1%) was clear cell, 1/24 (4.1%) was serous and 1/24 (4.1%) was mucinous. None of the endometroid tumors did recur. Also none of the non-epithelial tumors showed any recurrence. Tumors of G1 showed no recurrence, G2 tumors showed 33.3% recurrence and G3 tumors showed the highest recurrence rate (66.6%). Conclusion: ovarian FSS is a safe surgical option for nearly all OC patients with low risk of recurrence, with apparently early stage OC, after being confirmed by a FCSLP to exclude any occult metastasis (occult advanced stage OC), including those cases of early epithelial OC, germ cell and gonadal stromal tumors and it should be considered for patients who have a strong desire to keep their fertility.

Spare Parts Surgery—Salvage of a Below Knee Amputation Stump

“Spare parts surgery” is well-described in the plastic surgery literature. In the setting of trauma, otherwise discarded parts can be utilized for reconstruction resulting in a superior functional and aesthetic outcome for the patient. We describe the use of spare part surgery in order to preserve a functional knee articulation in a patient undergoing amputation for compartment.

Postrecurrence Clinical Outcome of Patients with Stage I Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Who Underwent Fertility-Sparing Surgery Compared to Those with Radical Surgery

Background: To examine the difference in the survival of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who received fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) and those receiving radical surgery. Methods: Clinicopathologic data on a total of 90 patients with stage I recurrent ovarian cancer collected under the central pathological review system were subjected to survival analyses. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) FSS (N = 11), 2) Radical (N = 79). Results: Five-year overall survival rates of patients in the two groups were as follows: 40.8% (FSS)/44.2% (Radical), respectively. There was no significant difference in overall survival among the groups (P = 0.887). Additionally, three-year postrecurrence survival rates of patients in the two groups were 24.8% (FSS) and 25.3% (Radical) (P = 0.730). Furthermore, we accumulated 137 patients {FSS (N = 58), Radical group (N = 79)} with stage I recurrent ovarian cancer from the current study and six representative reports in the literature. Patients who experienced recurrence in the remaining ovary alone (FSS) showed a more favorable prognosis than those who had extra-ovarian site recurrence (overall survival: P = 0.021, postrecurrence survival: P = 0.069). Conclusions: Although our retrospective analysis was very preliminary, we could propose the hypothesis that patients with stage I recurrent ovarian cancer who undergo FSS may not show poorer survival rates than patients who receive radical surgery.

Nephron-sparing surgery for small renal cell carcinoma

Objective：To investigate the method and effect of nephron-sparing surgery in the treatment of small renal cell carcinoma. Methods： From August 1 997 to October 2008, 48 cases of small renal cell carcinomas were confirmed by surgery and pathology, and reviewed retrospectively. Of the 48 cases, there was 1 patient with bilateral tumors, 8 with solitary kidney tumors, 1 with unilateral tumor and a damaged contralateral kidney, and 38 with unilateral tumors and a normal contralateral kidney; 9 underwent tumor enucleation and the remaining patients received partial nephrectomy. Results：There were no local tumor recurrences and/or tumor metastasis at a mean followup of 60 months. Conclusion： Confirming conclusions from other centers, we have found that nephron-sparing surgery is an effective treatment for small renal cell carcinomas.

显微镜下保留睾丸的睾丸良性肿瘤切除术临床疗效分析(附16例报道)

目的:探讨显微外科手术技术应用于保留睾丸的睾丸良性肿瘤切除术的安全性及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2020年10月至2023年2月青岛大学附属医院男科收治的16例睾丸肿瘤患者的病例资料。患者中位年龄23岁,睾丸肿瘤均为单侧,左侧7例,右侧9例,睾丸肿瘤最长径1.0~3.5 cm(中位数1.85 cm)。患者均在术前完善阴囊彩超(CDFI)、磁共振(MRI)、精液、血清睾酮、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检查。16例患者均行显微镜下保留睾丸的睾丸肿瘤切除术(TSMS),术中运用显微外科技术,精准辨别睾丸内肿瘤与正常睾丸组织的边界,距离肿瘤边界约2 mm完整切除肿瘤及少部分邻近正常睾丸组织,使用显微双极电凝镊给予精确止血,最大限度保留正常睾丸组织。将完整切除的睾丸内肿瘤及邻近正常睾丸组织进行快速冰冻病理检查。术后定期复查CDFI、MRI、精液、血清睾酮等项目。结果:16例患者术前血清睾酮、AFP、hCG、LDH及精液检查指标均在正常参考值范围内。所有16例患者的术中快速冰冻病理依据2022年最新版WHO泌尿及男性生殖系统肿瘤分类标准,均诊断为睾丸良性肿瘤,并顺利完成TSMS治疗。16例患者术后康复顺利,术后1个月复查CDFI提示睾丸剩余组织血供良好,所有患者随访14~40个月,随访期内定期复查CDFI和MRI均未见睾丸内肿瘤残留、复发或转移征象,血清睾酮、AFP、hCG、LDH及精液检查较术前无显著变化,2例育龄期患者的配偶分别于术后16、18个月实现自然受孕。结论:睾丸内良性肿瘤可以通过CDFI、MRI检查进行术前鉴别诊断,最终定性诊断仍需组织病理检查。TSMS运用显微外科手术技术,可以在完整切除睾丸内肿瘤的前提下最大限度保留正常睾丸组织,从而有效保存男性生育力。TSMS疗效良好、安全性高,特别适用于有保留生育力需求的患者。

机器人辅助腹腔镜囊性肾肿瘤肾部分切除术专家共识

囊性肾肿瘤(CRM)是特殊类型的肾肿瘤,其诊断、手术指征和手术技术均有别于一般的肾肿瘤。近年来,机器人辅助腹腔镜囊性肾肿瘤肾部分切除术已成为治疗CRM的重要手段之一。为更好地规范及推广该项技术,特邀请国内泌尿外科领域专家,结合国内外最新理论与实践,经广泛讨论,聚焦CRM手术的适应证、手术技巧以及术中囊壁破裂的预防和处理等问题,共同制定了机器人辅助腹腔镜囊性肾肿瘤肾部分切除术专家共识。

具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤的临床病理特征及预后

目的:分析具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤(multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential,MCRNLMP)患者的临床病理特征与预后,对比接受不同手术方式的具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤患者的临床病理特征。方法:回顾性收集2010年1月至2023年9月北京大学第三医院收治的行根治性肾切除术或者保留肾单位手术且术后病理明确为具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤患者的临床资料,获取其基本临床特征、术后病理结果及预后。根据手术方式将患者分为根治性肾切除术组及保留肾单位手术组,并比较两组患者的临床病理特征差异。结果:共纳入35例患者,诊断时的中位年龄为53.0(39.0~62.0)岁,其中23例为男性(65.7%),12例为女性(34.3%)。9例患者接受了根治性肾切除术(25.7%),26例患者接受了保留肾单位手术(74.3%)。35例患者的临床T分期均未超过T2a期。中位手术时间145.0 min,中位估计术中出血量20.0 mL。术后中位住院天数6.0 d。术后病理结果均未提示肾窦侵犯、肉瘤样变、肾上腺侵犯及淋巴结侵犯。将患者根据手术方式分为保留肾单位手术组和根治性肾切除术组,并对两组的临床病理特征进行对比,差异均无统计学意义。除1例患者失访外,其余患者均获随访,随访时间8~111个月,中位随访时间70.5个月,仅1例患者因非肿瘤原因死亡,其余患者均无肿瘤转移或复发。结论:具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤患者的预后较好;对于具有低度恶性潜能的多房囊性肾肿瘤,接受保留肾单位手术和根治性肾切除术的患者临床病理学特征差异无统计学意义。

保留肾单位手术治疗巨大肾错构瘤的疗效观察

目的观察保留肾单位手术治疗巨大肾错构瘤的疗效。方法收集2015年1月至2022年6月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院泌尿外科中心行保留肾单位手术的35例巨大肾错构瘤患者的临床资料,均在通过经腹途径开放手术或腹腔镜手术切除肿瘤的同时保留足够多的肾实质,对患者的手术疗效进行总结分析。结果35例手术均顺利完成,腹腔镜手术者无中转开放手术,无破裂出血。手术时间为65~265(139.82±54.94)min,出血量为20~1100(279.72±310.42)mL。22例开放手术冷缺血时间为15~65(36.43±13.92)min,13例腹腔镜手术热缺血时间为20~40(26.47±4.96)min。术后3~5 d内复查血肌酐为36~110(69.99±17.54)μmol/L。术后拔管时间为3~11(4.84±1.63)d,术后住院时间为4~12(6.71±1.73)d,术后有18例行肾脏发射计算机断层扫描(ECT)分肾功能检查,患侧肾脏肾小球滤过率(GFR)为28.7~57.6(37.38±8.15)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))-1。术后随访3~87(46.16±26.97)个月,肾功能均正常且未见肿瘤复发。结论保留肾单位手术治疗巨大肾错构瘤在技术成熟的医疗中心是安全可行的。

肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤破裂出血的手术时机

目的:探讨不同的手术时机对肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(renal angiomyolipoma,RAML)破裂出血患者手术治疗效果的影响。方法:选择北京大学第三医院泌尿外科2013年6月至2023年2月收治的31例RAML破裂出血患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,记录患者人口学和围手术期资料,将出血后小于7 d手术定义为近期手术组,出血后7 d至6个月手术定义为中期手术组,出血后超过6个月手术定义为远期手术组,比较组间的围手术期相关指标。结果:收集到行RAML破裂出血手术治疗的患者共31例,其中男性13例,女性18例,平均年龄(46.2±11.3)岁。近期手术组7例,中期手术组12例,远期手术组12例。肿瘤直径方面,远期手术组患者显著低于近期手术组[(6.6±2.4)cm vs.(10.0±3.0)cm,P=0.039];手术时间方面,远期手术组显著低于中期手术组[(157.5±56.8)min vs.(254.8±80.1)min,P=0.006],其余组间比较差异无统计学意义;出血量方面,远期手术组低于中期手术组[35(10,100)mL vs.650(300,1200)mL,P<0.001],其余组间比较差异无统计学意义;术中输血量方面,远期手术组显著低于中期手术组[0(0,0)mL vs.200(0,700)mL,P=0.014],其余组间比较差异无统计学意义;术后住院天数方面,远期手术组显著低于中期手术组[5(4,7)d vs.7(6,10)d,P=0.011],其余组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论:对于RAML破裂出血的患者,6个月以上再行手术是一个相对安全的时间,手术时间相对最短,术中出血量相对最少,因此更推荐待保守治疗血肿机化后再进行手术治疗。

12例子宫外低级别子宫内膜间质肉瘤患者的回顾性分析及文献复习

子宫内膜间质肉瘤(endometrial stromal sarcoma,ESS)是一种恶性的子宫间叶源性肿瘤,在宫体恶性肿瘤中占比不到1%,女性生殖道恶性肿瘤中占比0.2%[1]。原发子宫外的子宫内膜间质肉瘤(extrauterine endometrial stromalsarcoma,EESS)是世界卫生组织(WorldHealth Organization,WHO)2014年女性生殖器官肿瘤分类中新收录的间叶性肿瘤,非常罕见,目前未见其发病率的相关报道。

胸腔镜与Muscle-Sparing开胸肺叶切除术的临床比较

目的比较胸腔镜与Muscle-Sparing开胸肺叶切除术的临床结果。方法56例行肺叶切除术的患者,分为胸腔镜辅助肋间切口(VAMT)肺叶切除术(VAMT组)20例和微创Muscle-sparing开胸(MST)肺叶切除术(MST组)36例,比较两组的临床结果。结果两组均无围术期死亡;两组围术期并发症、住院时间的差异均无显著性(P值均>0．05)。MST组手术时间(90 min)明显短于VAMT组(150 min,P<0．01)。结论VAMT和MST下行肺叶切除术均安全、可行,但前者适合于较早期的肺癌患者,后者几乎可应用于所有有手术指征的肺癌患者。

Fertility preservation in patients with gynecologic cancer

In this editorial we comment on the article by Gu et al.We focus and debate the necessity of fertility sparing surgery in young women’s with gynecologic cancers,specifically on those patients with the desire to conceive.This type of individu-alized treatment options is often very difficult,due to the risk of disease evolution and multiple disparities in fertility preservation services among women in di-fferent countries and societies.For this reason national policy interventions are mandatory in order to ensure equitable access this procedures,in women with cancer.

机器人手术系统在早期宫颈癌保留生育功能手术中的应用(附手术视频)

目的:分析达芬奇机器人手术系统在早期宫颈癌保留生育功能手术中的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析空军军医大学第一附属医院2013年12月—2021年12月使用达芬奇机器人手术系统完成的11例保留生育功能早期宫颈癌患者的临床资料,统计分析患者术后是否补充切除子宫、月经恢复情况、是否受孕、是否复发等。结果:11例患者至今均存活,未复发,2例切除子宫,其余9例月经均正常,其中2例已成功受孕并足月分娩,7例尚未受孕;目前已求助辅助生殖技术者3例,领养子女者1例。结论:机器人手术系统应用于早期宫颈癌保留生育功能手术安全、有效,为年轻需要保留生育功能的早期宫颈癌患者提供了新的选择,但其应用优势及妊娠结局仍需长期多中心临床试验来验证。

中低位直肠癌患者保留括约肌手术后肠道功能障碍自我管理方案的有效性研究

目的:分析中低位直肠癌患者保留括约肌手术后肠道功能障碍自我管理方案的有效性。方法:选择2019年5月—2021年5月苏州大学附属第一医院收治的108例中低位直肠癌患者,随机将患者分为对照组(n=54)、观察组(n=54)。两组均行保留括约肌手术治疗,对照组给予术后常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予自我管理方案护理。比较两组患者自我管理行为、肠道功能、视觉模拟评分(VAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分。结果:护理后,两组患者社交管理、情绪管理、肛周皮肤管理、饮食管理、治疗管理评分及总分均升高,且观察组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组排便受饮食影响、便频便急、排便感觉异常评分及总分均升高,且观察组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者VAS评分、SAS评分明显降低,且观察组患者VAS评分、SAS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:自我管理方案护理可有效提高中低位直肠癌患者保留括约肌手术后的自我管理行为,改善患者肠道功能,减轻患者焦虑及疼痛,有助于改善患者预后情况。

腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术与后腹腔镜肾癌根治术对非晚期肾癌患者免疫功能的影响

目的对比腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术(LNSS)与后腹腔镜肾癌根治术(RLRN)治疗非晚期肾癌患者的效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法回顾性收集商丘市第三人民医院2020-04—2023-04收治的150例非晚期肾癌患者的病例资料,按手术方案不同分为2组。行LNSS治疗的75例患者列为A组,行RLRN治疗的75例患者列为B组。对比2组手术指标,手术前后血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)肾功能,欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生命质量测定量表(EORTC QOL-C30)评分,免疫功能(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))水平,并发症发生率。结果A组术中失血量少于B组,术后第3天时的BUN、Scr、NGAL水平低于B组,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平高于B组,术后禁食时间及住院时间短于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组术后3个月时的EORTC QOL-C30评分高于B组,并发症发生率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与RLRN治疗非晚期肾癌患者比较,经LNSS治疗有助于减少术中出血量,降低并发症发生风险,缩短患者康复进程,提升生活质量,且对机体肾功能、免疫功能造成的影响较小。

Immediate nipple-areola-sparing mastectomy reconstruction: An update on oncological and reconstruction techniques

Nipple-sparing mastectomy(NSM) is a safe technique in patients who are candidates for conservation breast surgery. However, there is worry concerning its oncological safety and surgical outcome in terms of postoperative complications. The authors reviewed the literature to evaluate the oncological safety, patient selection, surgical techniques, and also to identify the factors influencing postoperative outcome and complication rates. Patient selection and safety related to NSM are based on oncological and anatomical parameters. Among the main criteria, the oncological aspects include the clinical stage of breast cancer, tumor characteristics and location including small, peripherally located tumors, without multicentricity, or for prophylactic mastectomy. Surgical success depends on coordinated planning with the oncological surgeon andcareful preoperative and intraoperative management. In general, the NSM reconstruction is related to autologous and alloplastic techniques and sometimes include contra-lateral breast surgery. Choice of reconstructive technique following NSM requires accurate consideration of various patient related factors, including: breast volume, degree of ptosis, areola size, clinical factors, and surgeon's experience. In addition, tumor related factors include dimension, location and proximity to the nipple-areola complex. Regardless of the fact that there is no unanimity concerning the appropriate technique, the criteria are determined by the surgeon's experience and the anatomical aspects of the breast. The positive aspects of the technique utilized should include low interference with the oncological treatment, reproducibility, and long-term results. Selected patients can have safe outcomes and therefore this may be a feasible option for early breast cancer management. However, available data demonstrates that NSM can be safely performed for breast cancer treatment in selected cases. Additional studies and longer follow-up are necessary to define consistent selection criteria for NSM.