Dietary polyphenols reduced the allergenicity ofβ-lactoglobulin via non-covalent interactions:a study on the structure-allergenicity relationship

Studies showed that complexation of polyphenols with milk allergens reduced their immunogenic potential.However,the relationship between structures of polyphenols and their hypoallergenic effects on milk allergens in association with physiological and conformational changes of the complexes remain unclear.In this study,polyphenols from eight botanical sources were extracted to prepare non-covalent complexes withβ-lactoglobulin(β-LG),a major allergen in milk.The dominant phenolic compounds bound toβ-LG with a diminished allergenicity were identified to investigate their respective role on the structural and allergenic properties ofβ-LG.Extracts from Vaccinium fruits and black soybeans were found to have great inhibitory effects on the IgE-and IgG-binding abilities ofβ-LG.Among the fourteen structure-related phenolic compounds,flavonoids and tannins with larger MWs and multi-hydroxyl substituents,notably rutin,EGCG,and ellagitannins were more potent to elicit changes on the conformational structures ofβ-LG to decrease the allergenicity of complexedβ-LG.Correlation analysis further demonstrated that a destabilized secondary structure and protein depolymerization caused by polyphenol-binding were closely related to the allergenicity property of formed complexes.This study provides insights into the understanding of structure-allergenicity relationship ofβ-LG-polyphenol interactions and would benefit the development of polyphenol-fortified matrices with hypoallergenic potential.

Collaborative effect between single-atom Re and S vacancy on modulating localized electronic structure of MoS_(2) catalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Optimizing the catalytic activity and stability of molybdenum disulfide (MoS_(2)) towards alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is significant for sustaining green hydrogen. A moderate localized electronic structure of active sites plays a crucial role in determining the activity and stability of the catalysts, yet how to construct such localized electronic structure still remains indeterminacy. Enlightened by theoretical prediction, herein, the introduction of both single-atom Re and the adjacent S vacancy in MoS_(2) (denoted as Re-MoS_(2)-Vs) exhibits collaborative effect on regulating the localized electronic structure of active sites (viz. Re-(S, Vs)-Mo). Such regulated electronic structure helps to decrease the energy barrier of the water dissociation and optimize hydrogen adsorption energy for enhancing alkaline HER performance. Most importantly, Mo-S bonds in the above local Re-(S, Vs)-Mo configurations are also strengthened for preventing the leaching of Mo and S atoms and then ensuring the long-time stability. Consequently, the deliberately designed Re-MoS_(2)-Vs with a Re coordination number of ~ 5.0 is experimentally verified to exhibit a comparable electrocatalytic performance and robust operational stability over 120 h. This strategy provides a promising guidance for modulating the electronic structure of MoS_(2) based catalysts via double-tuning atomic-scale local configuration for HER applications.

Lignin‐derived carbon with pyridine N‐B doping and a nanosandwich structure for high and stable lithium storage

Biomass‐derived carbon is a promising electrode material in energy storage devices.However,how to improve its low capacity and stability,and slow diffusion kinetics during lithium storage remains a challenge.In this research,we propose a“self‐assembly‐template”method to prepare B,N codoped porous carbon(BN‐C)with a nanosandwich structure and abundant pyridinic N‐B species.The nanosandwich structure can increase powder density and cycle stability by constructing a stable solid electrolyte interphase film,shortening the Li^(+) diffusion pathway,and accommodating volume expansion during repeated charging/discharging.The abundant pyridinic N‐B species can simultaneously promote the adsorption/desorption of Li^(+)/PF_(6)^(−) and reduce the diffusion barrier.The BN‐C electrode showed a high lithium‐ion storage capacity of above 1140 mAh g^(−1) at 0.05 A g^(−1) and superior stability(96.5% retained after 2000 cycles).Moreover,owing to the synergistic effect of the nanosandwich structure and pyridinic N‐B species,the assembled symmetrical BN‐C//BN‐C full cell shows a high energy density of 234.7Wh kg^(−1),high power density of 39.38 kW kg−1,and excellent cycling stability,superior to most of the other cells reported in the literature.As the density functional theory simulation demonstrated,pyridinic N‐B shows enhanced adsorption activity for Li^(+) and PF_(6)^(−),which promotes an increase in the capacity of the anode and cathode,respectively.Meanwhile,the relatively lower diffusion barrier of pyridinic N‐B promotes Li^(+) migration,resulting in good rate performance.Therefore,this study provides a new approach for the synergistic modulation of a nanostructure and an active site simultaneously to fabricate the carbon electrode material in energy storage devices.

Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

γ-Secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface receptors.Mutations inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-Secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as well.However,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-secretase.In this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase.Different mechanisms,including the“Fit-Stay-Trim,”“Sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulations.While an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental findings.The approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-secretase.In addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is discussed.Finally,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations of theγ-secretase-substrate complexes.Comprehensive understanding of the functional mechanisms ofγ-secretase will greatly facilitate the rational design of effective drug molecules for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and perhaps Alzheimer’s disease in general.

The Tension Cosmology, Largest Cosmic Structures and Explosions of Supernovae from SST

Here, using the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) we explain the cosmological tension and the origin of the largest cosmic structures. We show that a change in value of strong coupling constant for cold baryonic matter leads to the disagreement in the galaxy clustering amplitude, quantified by the parameter S8. Within the same model we described the Hubble tension. We described also the mechanism that transforms the gravitational collapse into an explosion—it concerns the dynamics of virtual fields that lead to dark energy. Our calculations concern the Type Ia supernovae and the core-collapse supernovae. We calculated the quantized masses of the progenitors of supernovae, emitted total energy during explosion, and we calculated how much of the released energy was transferred to neutrinos. Value of the speed of sound in the strongly interacting matter measured at the LHC confirms that presented here model is correct. Our calculations show that the Universe is cyclic.

Temporal change of plankton size structure preserved by Lugol's solution:a FlowCAM study

Plankton size structure is crucial for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics and the associated biogeochemical processes.A fixation step by acid Lugol’s solution has been commonly employed to preserve plankton samples in the field.However,the acid Lugol’s solution can bias the estimation of size structure and the preserved plankton size structure can vary with time.Here,we explore the impact of sample storage time on the size-structure of the plankton community preserved by Lugol’s solution.Two short-term experiments and one long-term experiment were conducted to explore the change of plankton community size structure with the storage time:covering from a week to a month,and to nearly seven months based on particle-size data obtained by continuous Flow Cytometer and Microscope(FlowCAM)measurements.We found a linear change of plankton size with the storage time in short-term periods(less than 3 months)with a decrease of the slope but an increase of the intercept for the normalized biomass size spectrum(NBS S).However,there were opposite trends for NBSS with increasing slope but decreasing intercept after3 months.The potential causes of the distinct patterns of the NBSS parameters are addressed in terms of the interplay between particle aggregation and fragmentation.We found large changes in plankton biovolume and abundance among different size classes,which may indicate a distinct effect of acid Lugol’s solution on various plankton size classes.The mechanism driving temporal change in the size-structure of the Lugolfixed plankton community was further discussed in terms of particle aggregation and fragmentation.Finally,we emphasize that the effect of storage time should be taken into account when interpreting or comparing data of plankton community acquired from samples with various storage durations.

Integration of pore structure modulation and B,N co-doping for enhanced capacitance deionization of biomass-derived carbon

Biomass-derived carbon has demonstrated great potentials as advanced electrode for capacitive deionization(CDI),owing to good electroconductivity,easy availability,intrinsic pores/channels.However,conventional simple pyrolysis of biomass always generates inadequate porosity with limited surface area.Moreover,biomass-derived carbon also suffers from poor wettability and single physical adsorption of ions,resulting in limited desalination performance.Herein,pore structure optimization and element co-doping are integrated on banana peels(BP)-derived carbon to construct hierarchically porous and B,N co-doped carbon with large ions-accessible surface area.A unique expansionactivation(EA)strategy is proposed to modulate the porosity and specific surface area of carbon.Furthermore,B,N co-doping could increase the ions-accessible sites with improved hydrophilicity,and promote ions adsorption.Benefitting from the synergistic effect of hierarchical porosity and B,N co-doping,the resultant electrode manifest enhanced CDI performance for NaCl with large desalination capacity(29.5 mg g^(-1)),high salt adsorption rate(6.2 mg g^(-1)min^(-1)),and versatile adsorption ability for other salts.Density functional theory reveals the enhanced deionization mechanism by pore and B,N co-doping.This work proposes a facile EA strategy for pore structure modulation of biomass-derived carbon,and demonstrates great potentials of integrating pore and heteroatoms-doping on constructing high-performance CDI electrode.

基于B/S架构的远程会诊质控系统的设计与应用

目的研发远程会诊质控系统,在区域内实现远程会诊质控、管理、监管、考评、统计和持续改进的信息化。方法2020年,组建多学科团队,运用智力激励法和专题小组讨论法,基于B/S架构研发远程会诊质控系统,与既有远程会诊信息系统完全嵌合兼容,满足远程会诊全流程质量管理的功能需求。结果针对远程会诊质控工作要求,系统设计研发了质控管理、质控考评、实时监管、统计分析4个子模块,可满足远程会诊全流程质量管理的功能需求。结论该质控系统创新了远程会诊信息化质量管理模式,在区域内实现了远程会诊全流程的信息化管理,取得了较好的质量管理成效,有效促进区域内远程会诊工作的推进和发展。

基于B/S和SOA架构的LIMS系统设计与研究

为提升水质检测业务的专业化、智能化、系统化、自动化水平,针对新发展阶段下水利高质量发展对水质信息管理的需求,研究并开发基于B/S系统架构和SOA设计架构的新型综合性水质信息管理系统(LIMS),运用仪器谱图识别及数据提取、PHP与MySQL融合、仪器谱图与原始记录自动关联等技术,在一定程度上提高水质数据的电子化无纸化获取、处理、传输及应用等方面的管理水平,实现水质检测业务流程与资源的动态关联和闭环追溯,提升水质监测评价工作的管理效率和质量管理能力。基于B/S和SOA架构的LIMS在前沿高新技术中的应用研究,为水质检测和管理的各项活动提供智能、高效的数据支持平台,也为水利行业信息系统管理建设及水域功能监测监管提供技术支撑。

基于Spring Boot的产教联合体信息平台设计

该文设计基于B/S架构的联合体信息平台,利用Spring Boot、MyBatis Plus、Vue等优秀框架实现高效的开发,集成Spring Security和JWT令牌机制,完成认证和权限控制。同时整合Redis缓存,将热点资源缓存至内存中,以实现快速查询操作,从而减轻MySQL数据库的负载压力。该系统稳定、兼容性强,能使联合体成员沟通更方便、信息的发布和维护的效率更高,实现人才共育共享。

HBsAg和HBsAb共存的慢性乙肝患者的血清学特征和S区突变位点

目的探讨HBsAg/HBsAb双阳患者和HBsAg单阳性患者的血清学差异,并对两组患者的HBV S区突变位点进行比较分析,探寻HBsAg/HBsAb共阳性患者可能的分子机制。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院2022年6月至2023年3月的284例HBsAg/HBsAb双阳患者和519例HBsAg单阳患者,统计Age、ALT、AST、AST/ALT、TBiL、ALb、r-GT、HBsAg和HBsAg滴度、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb、WBC,对两组患者的血清学指标进行比较分析。对HBV S区扩增成功的19例HBsAg/HBsAb双阳患者和19例HBsAg单阳患者进行测序分析,统计高频突变位点,分析HBV S区突变特征,探寻HBsAg/HBsAb双阳患者可能发生的分子机制。结果HBsAg/HBsAb双阳患者和HBsAg单阳患者在性别、HBeAg、ALT、AST、TBiL、r-GT差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在Age、HBeAb、HBcAb、AST/ALT、Alb、WBC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HBsAg/HBsAb双阳组患者C基因型占78.95%(15/19),其中A113D/T、A317C/S、A45T、A86G、A87T、A96V、A97P等突变频率较高,HBsAg单阳组C基因型占84.21%(16/19),V159A、M47T、I213L、A317S、E44G、Q267L突变频率较高,两组患者的高频突变位点明显不同。结论双阳和单阳CHB患者血清学和基因突变位点存在显著差异。建议针对HBV S区不同的突变位点进一步研究HBsAg和HBsAb共存的机制。

基于B/S的高校实验室预约管理系统设计与实现

为了实现实验室管理信息化,更好地为师生服务,文章设计并开发一套高校实验室预约管理系统。该系统是基于B/S结构,采用Vue视图框架、Nginx服务器及MySQL数据库构建而成的;支持专业实验室、教室和会议室的预约管理;入口对接华中科技大学统一身份认证系统,在校师生可直接使用已有的统一身份认证系统账号密码登录系统。用户可通过浏览器完成在线预约、预约查询、预约管理和数据统计等功能。该系统的应用提高了实验室管理的规范性和信息化程度。

基于B/S结构的排课系统数据库设计

排课系统是高校教务管理中的重要部分,随着学生规模的扩大和课程的日新月异,如何高效解决学生的学习需求和教室及教师之间的冲突成为重难点。传统的Excel管理方式已无法满足需求,因此需要引入数据库管理排课信息。文章主要介绍排课系统的数据库设计,包括需求分析、逻辑结构设计、实体属性定义和信息表设计等。通过引入浏览器/服务器模式(Browser/Server,B/S)架构和关系型数据库,教务管理人员、学生和教师随时随地进行课程排列与查询,提高工作和学习效率。同时,数据库性能设计和安全性设计也是该系统的重点考虑因素。

基于B/S模式的虚拟网络实验室安全管理体系分析

为降低实验设备投资成本,提高虚拟实验室自动化管理水平,保证虚拟实验室系统运行的安全性和可靠性,运用B/S模式,完成对虚拟网络实验室系统及其安全管理体系的设计。首先,在设计虚拟网络实验室系统架构的基础上,完成对虚拟网络实验室安全管理体系设计。其次,分别设计和实现用户登录、实验在线保存、数据流量统计与监控等模块,有效地保障了系统运行的稳定性和安全性,系统设计完全符合预期设计标准和要求。

基于三层B/S架构的企业信息化管理系统的设计

为解决企业管理系统中存在的数据冗余、不一致、数据同步效率低等问题,文章通过引入三层浏览器/服务器(B/S)架构模式,实现了对企业信息化管理系统的研究。该系统的设计主要包含数据库设计、系统管理、生产管理、统计报表等主要功能模块的设计。系统由浏览器向服务器发送请求,服务器接收请求并处理,然后将结果返回给浏览器。系统采用了MVC设计模式,将数据层、业务层和表示层分离开来,提高了可维护性、可扩展性和可重用性。该系统的应用不仅达到了数据远程共享的目的,还实现了对现骨干数据及报表的查询功能,可充分满足企业的信息化管理需求。

2024年1月23日乌什M_(S)7.1地震序列b值随时间演化特征

选取2024年1月23日乌什M_(S)7.1地震序列目录,利用最大似然法计算该地震序列b值大小,分析震中区b值随时间的演化特征,得到以下认识:①震中区b值在强余震前呈明显下降变化特征,但无法准确评估b值下降后强余震的发生次数;②b值能够反映研究区不同时间的应力水平,对强余震的预测具有一定指示意义。

泸定M_(S)6.8地震发震机制研究——来自震前噪声成像和b值分布的共同约束

2022年9月5日四川省甘孜州泸定县发生了M_(S)6.8地震,打破了鲜水河断裂带东南段的大震"平静期",造成了重大自然灾害.清楚认识泸定地震震源区发震构造、地震活动性和应力状态对研究强震发震机制具有重要作用.本文利用震前在泸定地震震源区布设的50台短周期流动地震台阵观测资料及区域地震台网震相走时数据,分别采用背景噪声成像、双差定位和改进的b值成像技术,获得了震前震源区浅层高分辨率S波速度结构、地震空间分布及b值横向变化图像.结果揭示,泸定地震主震初始破裂起始于鲜水河断裂磨西段、具有高速异常和高应力特征的凹凸体内;主震西侧存在一条隐伏的正断型伴生分支断裂,5.0级的最大余震即发生在该断裂上;主震凹凸体的破裂同时造成了东南方向另一个较小高速凹凸体的破裂并形成密集余震群.由此可见,震源区跨断层高速异常"铆钉"结构和震前的高应力积累在整体上控制了泸定地震的发生和强余震活动.通过浅层高分辨率结构成像识别这种特殊的"铆钉"结构,同时通过b值成像识别高应力区,可有效评估断层的发震能力,对重点区域地震危险性研判具有极其重要的意义.

Structures and electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of Si added A_2B_7-type alloy electrodes

In order to ameliorate the electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of La-Mg-Ni system A2B7-type electrode alloys, a small amount of Si was added. The La0.8Mg0.2Ni3.3Co0.2Six （x=0-0.2） electrode alloys were prepared by casting and annealing. The effects of adding Si on the structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of the alloys were investigated systematically. The results indicate that the as-cast and annealed alloys hold multiple structures, involving two major phases of （La, Mg）2Ni7 with a Ce2Ni7-type hexagonal structure and LaNi5 with a CaCu5-type hexagonal structure as well as one residual phase LaNi3. The addition of Si results in a decrease in （La, Mg）2Ni7 phase and an increase in LaNi5 phase without changing the phase structure of the alloys. What is more, it brings on an obvious effect on electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of the alloys. The discharge capacities of the as-cast and annealed alloys decline with the increase of Si content, but their cycle stabilities clearly grow under the same condition. Furthermore, the measurements of the high rate discharge ability, the limiting current density, hydrogen diffusion coefficient as well as electrochemical impedance spectra all indicate that the electrochemical kinetic properties of the electrode alloys first increase and then decrease with the rising of Si content.

基于BIM+B/S的水库工程数字化展示平台的构建

针对水库工程在初步设计阶段仍以二维图纸作为成果交付,缺少对工程整体情况、投资估算等关键信息直观展示的问题,将BIM数字信息建模、BIM数据文件优化处理、B/S前后端分离、跨平台访问等技术应用于新建岔河水库工程,建立岔河水库枢纽BIM模型,创建实现平台功能的数据文件并构建岔河水库枢纽工程数字化展示平台。研究结果表明:构建的岔河水库工程数字化展示平台可以高效、流畅、跨平台地在电脑端和手机端,向参建各方展示待建枢纽工程的基本情况和地理位置,建筑物三维信息模型,单体工程的施工模拟动画,以及枢纽工程投资估算关键信息。研究结果深化BIM技术应用程度,可为其他水利工程信息化提供重要参考和借鉴价值。

B/S模式网络课程系统的搭建与开发

虽然近年来开放在线网络学习平台获得了广泛使用,但无法满足个性化教学、个性化学习的需求。通过分析B/S模式系统具有的数据的安全性和完整性由服务器端提供保障的特点,实现数据与程序的安全统一,采用IIS技术与ASP技术,安装、配置IIS站点,搭建出IIS服务器,开发网络课程系统,系统界面技术使用层叠样式表(CSS),方便以后显示样式的随时更新。