Enhanced picosecond terahertz wave generation based on cascade effects in a terahertz parametric generator

Enhanced terahertz wave generation via a Stokes cascade process has been demonstrated using picosecond pulse pumped terahertz parametric generation at 1 kHz repetition rate.Clear cascade saturation of terahertz output was observed,and the corresponding cascade-Stokes spectra were analyzed.The maximum terahertz wave average power was 22μW under a pump power of 30 W,whereas the maximum power conversion efficiency was 8×10^(-7)under a pump power of 21 W.The THz power fluctuation was measured to be about 1%in 20 min.This THz parametric source with a relatively stable output is suitable for a variety of practical applications.

Comparing pharmacotherapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of anxiety and depression after aortic dissection surgery

BACKGROUND Aortic coarctation is a potentially fatal condition that is primarily treated surgically.Despite successful procedures,patients frequently experience postoperative anxiety and depression,which can hinder recovery and worsen outcomes.Pharmacological interventions,such as 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors,are commonly prescribed;however,their efficacy alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques,such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS),remains unclear.AIM To assess the effect of medications and TMS on post-aortic surgery anxiety and depression.METHODS We analyzed the outcomes of 151 patients with anxiety and depression who were hospitalized for aortic dissection between January 2020 and September 2022.Using the random number table method,75 and 76 patients were allocated to the normal control and study groups,respectively.All the patients were treated using routine procedures.The control group was administered anti-anxiety and antidepression drugs,whereas the study group was treated with TMS in addition to these medications.The patients in both groups showed improvement after two courses of treatment.The Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to assess anxiety and depression,respectively.The serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and 5-HT were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to estimate sleep quality,and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)was used to assess cognitive function.RESULTS The HAMD and HAMA scores reduced in 2 groups,with the study group achieving a lower level than control(P<0.05).In the control group,43 patients recovered,17 showed improvement,and 15 were deemed invalid.In the study group,52 recovered,20 improved,and four were invalid.The efficacy rate in study group was 94.74%compared to 80.00%in control(P<0.05).The BDNF and 5-HT levels increased in both groups,with higher levels observed in the experimental group(P<0.05).Moreover,the PSQI scores decreased in 2 groups,but were lower in the intervention group than control(P<0.05).The scores of the RBANS items increased,with the study group scoring higher than control(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining anti-anxiety and anti-depressive drugs with repetitive TMS after aortic surgery may enhance mood and treatment outcomes,offering a promising clinical approach.

Theoretical analysis of transcranial Hall-effect stimulation based on passive cable model

Transcranial Hall-effect stimulation（THS） is a new stimulation method in which an ultrasonic wave in a static magnetic field generates an electric field in an area of interest such as in the brain to modulate neuronal activities. However, the biophysical basis of simulating the neurons remains unknown. To address this problem, we perform a theoretical analysis based on a passive cable model to investigate the THS mechanism of neurons. Nerve tissues are conductive; an ultrasonic wave can move ions embedded in the tissue in a static magnetic field to generate an electric field（due to Lorentz force）.In this study, a simulation model for an ultrasonically induced electric field in a static magnetic field is derived. Then,based on the passive cable model, the analytical solution for the voltage distribution in a nerve tissue is determined. The simulation results showthat THS can generate a voltage to stimulate neurons. Because the THS method possesses a higher spatial resolution and a deeper penetration depth, it shows promise as a tool for treating or rehabilitating neuropsychiatric disorders.

Effects of acrous gramimeus and its main component alpha-asarone on the reactivity and convulsive threshold of immature rats to electric stimulation

BACKGROUND： The traditional Chinese medicine acrous gramimeus is the dry rhizome of Acrous gramimeus Soland, a kind of Araceae familial perennial herb, which has a sedation action, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic effect. Its effective component has not been known yet, and α-asarone, the major component of the volatile oil extracted from acrous gramineus, has been supposed to play a necessary role in it. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of acrous gramimeu and α-asarone on the reactivity and convulsive threshold to electric stimulation in immature rats, furthermore, attempt to definitize the anticonvulsant effect of α-asarone. DESIGN： A randomized controlled study.SETTINGS： Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University; Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Jilin University; Department of Neurology, First Clinical Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University; Department of Internal Medicine, Children＇s Hospital of Changchun City. MATERIALS ： Seventy 3-week immature Wistar rats （either males or females） of 34-40 g were used. Acrous gramimeu （1 g/bag, the content of α-oasarone was 0.046 26%-0.070 16%） with the batch number of 0307113 was provided by Tianjiang Medicine Company Limited, Jiangyin City. α-asarone tablet （60 mg per tablet） with the batch number of 030219 was provided by Tianwei Pharmaceutical Factory, Shenyang City. α-asarone injectable preparation （2 mL per piece） with the batch number of 030105 was provided by Shuanghe Medicine Limited Company, Beijing City. METHODS ： The experiments were carried out in the Neurological Laboratory of the First Hospital of Jilin University between August and October in 2004.① The 70 rats were randomly divided into intragastric subset and intraperitoneal subset. The intragastric subset included four groups of control, phenobarbital sodium, acrous gramimeu and α-asarone; the intraperitoneal subset included three groups of control, phenobarbital sodium and α-asarone. There were 10 rats per group. ② In the intragastric subset, different group was treated with saline （1 mL for each time, phenobarbital sodium （18 mg/kg per day）, acrous gramineu （2 350 mg/kg per day） and α-asarone （29 mg/kg per day） respectively twice every day for 5 days. In the intraperitoneal subset, different group was treated with saline （0.5 mL）, phenobarbital sodium （29 mg/kg） and α-asarone （2.9 mg/kg） respectively. ③ Before and after administration for 5 days in the intragastric subset as well as before and after administration for about 1 hour in the intraperitoneal subset respectively, the rats were given electric stimulation with the NIHOM KOMDEM multifunctional electrophysiological recorder, and the reactivity and convulsive threshold to electric stimulation of the rats were recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The reactivity and convulsive threshold to electric stimulation in immature rats were compared. RESULTS： All the rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Results for intragastric administration： Before intragastric administration, there were no obvious differences in the reactivity and convulsive threshold to electric stimulation among the groups （P 〉 0.05）. After intragastric administration for 5 days, the reactivity and convulsive threshold to the electric stimulation had no obvious changes in the control group, but those were significantly higher than before administration in the drug administration groups （t=-3.317-7.401, P 〈 0.01）, which were also obviously higher than those in the control group （t=3.027-8.941, P 〈 0.01）, and those in the acrous gramimeu group and α-asarone group were not markedly different from those in the phenobarbital sodium group. ② Results for intraperitoneal injection： Before intraperitoneal injection, the reactivity and convulsive threshold to the electric stimulation had no obvious differences among the groups. After the intraperitoneal injection for 1 hour, the reactivity and convulsive threshold to the electric stimulation had no obvious change in the control group, but those were significantly higher than before administration in the drug administration groups （P 〈 0.01）, which were also obviously higher than those in the control group （t=6.211-7.237, P 〈 0.01; t=4.085-5.633, P 〈 0.05）, and there was no marked difference between α-asarone group and phenobarbital sodium group （P 〉 0.05）.CONCLUSION ： ① As effective anticonvulsants, both acrous gramineu and α-asarone can enhance the reactivity and convulsive threshold of immature rats to electric stimulation. ② As one of the major effective components against convulsion of acrous gramineu, α-asarone is equivalent to phenobarbital sodium.

Effect of low-frequency pulse percutaneous electric stimulation on peripheral nerve injuries at different sites

BACKGROUND： The postoperative recovery of nerve function in patients with peripheral nerve injury is always an important problem to solve after treatment. The electric stimulation induced electromagnetic field can nourish nerve, postpone muscular atrophy, and help the postoperative neuromuscular function. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of low-frequency pulse percutaneous electric stimulation on the functional recovery of postoperative patients with peripheral nerve injury, and quantitatively evaluate the results of electromyogram （EMG） examination before and after treatment. DESIGN ： A retrospective case analysis SETTING： The Sixth People＇s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University PARTICIPANTS： Nineteen postoperative inpatients with peripheral nerve injury were selected from the De- partment of Orthopaedics, the Sixth People＇s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from June 2005 to January 2006, including 13 males and 6 females aged 24-62 years with an average of 36 years old. There were 3 cases of brachial plexus nerve injury, 3 of median nerve injury, 7 of radial nerve injury, 3 of ul- nar nerve injury and 3 of common peroneal nerve injury, and all the patients received probing nerve fiber restoration. Their main preoperative manifestations were dennervation, pain in limbs, motor and sensory disturbances. All the 19 patients were informed with the therapeutic program and items for evaluation. METHODS： ① Low-frequency pulse percutaneous electric stimulation apparatus： The patients were given electric stimulation with the TERESA cantata instrument （TERESA-0, Shanghai Teresa Health Technology, Co., Ltd.）. The patients were stimulated with symmetric square waves of 1-111 Hz, and the intensity was 1.2-5.0 mA, and it was gradually adjusted according to the recovered conditions of neural regeneration following the principle that the intensity was strong enough and the patients felt no obvious upset. They were treated for 4- 24 weeks, 10-30 minutes for each time, 1-3 times a day, and 6 weeks as a course. ② EMG examination was applied to evaluate the recoveries of recruitment, motor conduction velocity （MCV） and sensory conduction velocity （SCV） before and after treatment. The patients were examined with the EMG apparatus （DIS- A2000C, Danmark） before and after the treatment of percutaneous electric stimulation. ③Standards for evaluating the effects included cured （complete recovery of motor functions, muscle strength of grade 5, no abnormality in EMG examination）, obviously effective [general recovery of motor function, muscle strength of grade 4, no or a few denervation potentials, motor conduction velocity （MCV） and sensory conduction velocity （SCV）], improved （partial recovery of motor function, muscle strength of grade 3, denervation potentials and reinneration potentials, slowed MCV and SCV, invalid （no obvious changes of motor function）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Ameliorated degree of the nerve function of the postoperative patients with peripheral nerve injury treated with percutaneous electric stimulation; ② Changes of EMG examination before and after treatment. RESULTS： All the 19 postoperative patients with peripheral nerve injury were involved in the analysis of results. ① Comparison of nerve function before and after treatment in 19 patients with peripheral nerve injury of different sites： For the patients with radial nerve injury （n=7）, the nerve functions all completely recovered after 8-week treatment, and the cured and obvious rate was 100% （7/7）; For the patients with brachial plexus nerve injury （n=3）, 1 case had no obvious improvement, and the cured and obvious rate was 67% （2/3）; For the patients with common peroneal nerve injury （n=3）, the extension of foot dorsum generally recovered in 1 case of nerve contusion after 4-week treatment, and the cured and obvious rate was 67% （2/3）; For the patients with median nerve injury （n=3）, muscle strength was obviously recovered, and the cured and obvious rate was 100% （3/3）; For the patients with ulnar nerve injury （n=3）, 1 case only had recovery of partial senses, and the cured and obvious rate was 67% （2/3）. Totally 9 cases were cured, 7 were obviously effective, 1 was improved, and only 2 were invalid. After 4 courses, the cured rate of damaged nerve function after four courses was 47% （9/19）, and effective rate was 89% （17/19）.② Comparison of EMG examination before and after treatment： Before and after percutaneous electric stimulation, he effective rates of recruitment, MCV and SCV were 89% （17/19）, 58% （11/19）, 47% （9/19） respectively, and there were extremely obvious differences （P〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： ①Low-frequency pulse percutaneous electric stimulation can improve the nerve function of postoperative patients with peripheral nerve injury of different sites, especially that the injuries of radial nerve and median nerve recover more obviously. ②Percutaneous electric stimulation can ameliorate the indexes of EMG examination, especially the recruitment, in postoperative patients with peripheral nerve injury.

Sex modulates the outcome of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease

There are many documented sex differences in the clinical course,symptom expression profile,and treatment response of Parkinson’s disease,creating additional challenges for patient management.Although subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation is an established therapy for Parkinson’s disease,the effects of sex on treatment outcome are still unclear.The aim of this retrospective observational study,was to examine sex differences in motor symptoms,nonmotor symptoms,and quality of life after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation.Outcome measures were evaluated at 1 and 12 months post-operation in 90 patients with Parkinson’s disease undergoing subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation aged 63.00±8.01 years(55 men and 35 women).Outcomes of clinical evaluations were compared between sexes via a Student’s t-test and within sex via a paired-sample t-test,and generalized linear models were established to identify factors associated with treatment efficacy and intensity for each sex.We found that subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation could improve motor symptoms in men but not women in the on-medication condition at 1 and 12 months post-operation.Restless legs syndrome was alleviated to a greater extent in men than in women.Women demonstrated poorer quality of life at baseline and achieved less improvement of quality of life than men after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation.Furthermore,Hoehn-Yahr stage was positively correlated with the treatment response in men,while levodopa equivalent dose at 12 months post-operation was negatively correlated with motor improvement in women.In conclusion,women received less benefit from subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation than men in terms of motor symptoms,non-motor symptoms,and quality of life.We found sex-specific factors,i.e.,Hoehn-Yahr stage and levodopa equivalent dose,that were related to motor improvements.These findings may help to guide subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation patient selection,prognosis,and stimulation programming for optimal therapeutic efficacy in Parkinson’s disease.

Effect of Certain Toxicants on Gonadotropin-Induced Ovarian Non-Esterified Cholesterol Depletion and Steroidogenic Enzyme Stimulation of the Common Carp Cyprinus carpio in vitro

Isolated ovarian tissues from the common carp, Cyprinus carpio were incubated in vitro to obtain a discrete effect of four common toxicants of industrial origin, namely phenol, sulfide, mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride, on gonadotropin-induced alteration of nonesterified and esterified cholesterol and steroidogenic enzymes, △5-3β-HSD and 17β-HSD activity. Stage II ovarian tissue containing 30-40% mature oocytes were shown to be most responsive to gonadotropins in depleting only nonesterified cholesterol moiety and stimulating the activity of both. Safe doses of above mentioned toxicants when added separately to stage II ovarian tissue with oLH (1 μg/incubation) gonadotropin-induced depletion of nonesterified cholesterol and gonadotropin-induced stimulation of the activity of both enzymes was significantly inhibited. Esterified cholesterol remained almost unaltered. Findings clearly indicate the impairment of gonadotropin induced fish ovarian steroidogenesis by the four toxicants separately.

Effect of Unilateral Low-Frequency Stimulation of Hippocampus on Rapid Kindling—Induced Seizure Development in Rats

Since the last decade deep brain stimulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for patients who do not become seizure-free with the current pharmacological treatments and cannot undergo resective surgical procedure. However, the optimal stimulation parameters remain undetermined and active research in humans and animals is necessary. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of unilateral Low Frequency Stimulation (LFS) of hippocampus on seizure development by using the hippocampal rapid kindling method (hRK) in rats. We used male Wistar rats implanted with electrodes in the ventral hippocampus. All rats underwent hRK (biphasic square wave pulses, 20 Hz for 10 seconds) during three consecutive days (twelve stimulations per day). The control group (hRK;n = 6) received only RK stimulus, while the treated group (LFS-hRK;n = 8) received also LFS (biphasic square wave pulses, 1 Hz for 30 seconds) immediately before the RK stimulus, during three consecutive days. At the end of behavioral testing on day 3, 62% (P < 0.05) of the animals receiving LFS treatment were still not fully kindled staying in stages 0-III (P < 0.01). The number of stimulations needed to achieve generalized seizures (stage IV-V of Racine scale) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the LFS group with respect to control group. No significant differences in the cumulative daily afterdischarge duration were observed between both groups. These findings suggest that preemptive LFS can significantly decrease the incidence of hippocampus-kindled seizures and delay the progression and secondary generalization of focal seizures.

Photoacoustic effect invokes auditory response in infrared neuron stimulation

Infrared neuron stimulation is regarded as an innovative approach for stimulating cochleae in animals while the exact mechanism still remains unknown.In this paper,we studied compound action potentials of guinea pig cochleae with chronic or acute deafness.We recorded optical compound action potentials and analyzed stretched cochlear preparations by fiuorescence microscopy.Photoacoustic signals were measured by hydrophone and microphone,respectively.In our experiment,we observed a switch response effect in vitro and in vivo experiments.Therefore,we proposed photoacoustic effect could invoke auditory response in infrared neuron stimulation.

The effect of mechanical stimulation on the content of ROS and the expression of Nrf2 in C_(2)C_(12) cells

Skeletal muscle satellite cells were used widely to research the cell differentiation of skeletal muscle tissue.The aim of our study was study the effect of mechanical stimulation on the redox state in C_(2)C_(12) cells to clarify the regulatory mechanism of antioxidant ability.C_(2)C_(12) cells were cultured and interfered by mechanical stimulation through purpose built centrifugal machine in vitro,and the cells was divided into groups according different revolving speed and duration.The contents of ROS were examined by DCFH-DA,and the expression of Nrf2 was detected by Western blot.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with olanzapine and amisulpride for treatment-refractory schizophrenia

BACKGROUND Treatment-refractory schizophrenia(TRS),accounting for approximately 30%of all schizophrenia cases,has poor treatment response and prognosis despite treatment with antipsychotic drugs.AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)combined with olanzapine(OLZ)and amisulpride(AMI)for TRS and its influence on the patient’s cognitive function.METHODS This study enrolled 114 TRS patients who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between July 2019 and July 2022.In addition to the basic OLZ+AMI therapy,54 cases of the control group(Con group)received modified electroconvulsive therapy,while 60 cases of the research group(Res group)received rTMS.Data on therapeutic effectiveness,safety(incidence of drowsiness,headache,nausea,vomiting,or memory impairment),Positive and Negative Symptom Scale,Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale,and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale were collected from both cohorts for comparative analyses.RESULTS The Res group elicited a higher overall response rate and better safety profile when compared with the Con group.Additionally,a significant reduction was observed in the post-treatment Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale scores of the Res group,presenting lower scores than those of the Con group.Furthermore,a significant increase in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score was reported in the Res group,with higher scores than those of the Con group.CONCLUSION The treatment of TRS with rTMS and OLZ+AMI is effective and safe.Moreover,it can alleviate the patients’mental symptoms,improve their cognitive function and quality of life,and has a high clinical application value.

A study on effective parameters of electric cortical stimulation for motor-sensory brain mapping

Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate the effective parameters of electric cortex stimulation (ECS) for functional brain mapping. Methods We collected 21 subjects who underwent epilepsy surgeries consecutively in Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery with the epileptogenic zone located in perirolandic areas from

机构投资者调研与公司审计意见购买行为:刺激效应还是抑制效应?

公司管理层实施审计意见购买行为及其监管治理是审计学界与监管部门长期关注的重要问题。机构投资者调研作为投资者发掘公司内部信息并缓解信息不对称的一种非正式制度安排,会抑制还是刺激公司实施审计意见购买行为?本文基于我国上市公司的机构投资者调研数据,通过实证研究发现:机构投资者调研会刺激公司实施审计意见购买行为,参与调研机构数量越多、调研频数越高,被调研公司的审计意见购买动机越强,审计意见激进度也越高。进一步分析发现,在机构投资者调研的刺激效应下,公司主要通过选聘“中小”事务所实施审计意见购买,其目的是掩盖公司盈余管理及经营风险的“不利信号”。在缓解内生问题、排除替代性解释、考虑审计轮换制度影响等一系列稳健测试之后,上述结论依然成立。因此,建议会计师事务所应重视由机构投资者调研衍生的客户公司审计风险,市场监管部门应加强公司审计师选聘行为监管,提高机构投资者调研的外部治理效应。

磁刺激翳风穴联合针灸治疗面瘫的临床研究

目的 观察翳风穴体表重复磁刺激联合针灸治疗面瘫的临床疗效。方法 选取瑞金医院康复科门诊收治的80例首发中重度面瘫患者,分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。治疗组给予翳风穴重复磁刺激联合针灸治疗,对照组则仅给予针灸治疗,观察其临床疗效。治疗前后选用肌电图及House-Brackmann(H-B)分级量表、Sunnybrook面部评分系统(SFGS)评价面神经功能恢复情况。结果 治疗组的治疗有效率为85.00%,明显优于对照组60.00%。干预后两组的面神经功能均较前改善(P<0.05),且治疗组的面神经功能及H-B、SFGS评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 重复磁刺激翳风穴联合针灸是治疗中重度面瘫的一种安全有效的治疗方法,可加快面神经功能恢复,为进一步改善面瘫患者预后提供了新的治疗思路。

全球价值链的脱钩与反脱钩:来自中国制造业企业微观数据的经验证据

本文基于中国制造业上市公司的微观数据和WIOD及亚行的世界投入产出表数据,考察美国的价值链脱钩策略对中国企业创新内在动力的激发效应和对中国全球价值链地位攀升的影响。研究发现:首先,美国的价值链脱钩策略对中国企业创新内在动力存在显著的正向激发作用,且激发效应能够抵消遏制效应。其次,脱钩策略对中国全球价值链地位攀升的叠加效应显著为正,与产业上游度负相关,表明美国的脱钩策略并不会阻断中国全球价值链地位的攀升和产业技术水平的提高。最后,中国企业自主创新对FDI技术外溢的吸收和转化等“学习效应”过于依赖,存在“低质低效”的双低现象,降低了价值链地位攀升的效率。FDI对产业价值链地位有显著的提升作用,但对国内企业“高质高效”的自主创新具有抑制作用。本文结论为提高企业自主创新质量和效率以及价值链地位提供了政策启示。

低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗眼睑痉挛的短期疗效观察

目的探讨低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)治疗眼睑痉挛(BS)的短期疗效及安全性。方法纳入2019年11月至2020年7月眼睑痉挛患者共90例,根据随机数字表法分成三组,分别为低频重复经颅磁刺激组(rTMS组)、肉毒毒素组(BTX组)、肉毒毒素联合低频重复经颅磁刺激组(BTX+rTMS组)。分别给予三组不同的干预措施,随访12周,对比观察三组患者的起效时间,通过Jankovic评定量表(JRS)、眼睑痉挛残疾指数(BSDI)及改良TWSTRS疗效量表等综合评估疗效,并记录不良反应。结果rTMS组与BTX+rTMS组起效时间明显短于BTX组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者在第1、4、12周JRS评分较治疗前均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第4、12周BTX组与BTX+rTMS组JRS评分均较rTMS组下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第4、12周三组患者BSDI均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第12周BTX组与BTX+rTMS组BSDI评分下降较rTMS组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第12周改良TWSTRS疗效评分≥3分者,BTX组7例(23.3%),BTX+rTMS组14例(46.67%),而rTMS组所有患者评分均<3分。结论眼睑痉挛经颅磁刺激治疗起效快,疗效维持时间短,不良反应少。低频rTMS联合肉毒毒素注射治疗能够缩短患者的起效时间,提高临床疗效。

重复经颅磁刺激与无抽搐电休克治疗首发抑郁症的临床效果分析

目的研究分析首发抑郁症患者采用重复经颅磁刺激、无抽搐电休克治疗的临床疗效。方法非随机选取2022年1—12月山东省青岛市精神卫生中心收治的80例首发抑郁症患者为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为常规组、观察组,各40例。常规组采取无抽搐电休克治疗,观察组采取重复经颅磁刺激+无抽搐电休克治疗。对比两组患者的抑郁病情、认知功能和不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组各时间点的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分和各项威斯康星卡片分类试验得分均优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为10.00%(4/40),与常规组的7.50%(3/40)对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.157,P>0.05)。结论采用重复经颅磁刺激与无抽搐电休克联合治疗首发抑郁症可有效促进患者病情改善。

重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床研究

目的观察重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的有效性、安全性。方法选取2021年11月至2023年11月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的50例DEACMP患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,每组25例。对照组给予常规治疗+高压氧治疗,试验组在对照组基础上联合rTMS治疗,比较两组的认知功能、巴氏指数(BI)、听觉事件相关电位P300(ERP-P300)结果、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6]和安全性。结果治疗后,两组的MMSE、BI均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组ERP-P300结果(潜伏期、波幅)较优(P<0.05),且试验组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组BDNF、NSE、IL-2、IL-6水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应总发生率(8.00%,2/25)与对照组(4.00%,1/25)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rTMS联合高压氧可调节BDNF、NSE、炎性因子水平及ERP-P300结果,改善DEACMP患者的认知功能、日常生活自理能力,且安全性较高。

盐酸氟西汀结合重复经颅磁刺激治疗青少年抑郁自杀意念患者中的临床疗效研究

目的 探讨盐酸氟西汀联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗青少年抑郁自杀意念患者的效果及对神经内分泌水平的影响。方法 选取70名参与者,运用SPSS软件随机数字分配的方法分为两组:研究组(35名)和对照组(35名)。两组均接受了氟西汀盐酸盐的治疗。此外,研究组还额外接受了重复性的经颅磁刺激(rTMS)治疗。评估并比较治疗前后两组在汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表(HAMA)、贝克自杀意念量表(BSS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分,以及神经内分泌水平和治疗不良反应发生频率方面的变化。结果 与研究前比较,两组参与者血清中的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸和游离甲状腺素水平均明显增加(P<0.05),而血清促甲状腺激素水平则成下降趋势(P<0.05);研究前,比较两组的三种激素水平,差异无显著性(P>0.05),研究后,除TSH两组间比较具有显著差异(P<0.05),其他两种激素水平两组间比较无统计学意义。汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分研究后均有所下降,与研究前相比,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);研究前后,两组的贝克自杀意念量表(BSS)评分相比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有评分指标,两组间差异在研究前无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究后,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不良反应方面,研究组中有7例次,对照组中有9例次,主要症状包括头痛、腹泻、恶心、便秘和失眠,两组间不良反应的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 盐酸氟西汀联合重复经颅磁刺激(tTMS)治疗可调节神经递质水平,进而减轻抑郁状况及自杀意念,改善睡眠质量,且安全性较高。

超薄层稠油油藏有效开发方式研究

大庆WE区块萨尔图稠油油藏属于低丰度超薄层稠油油藏,此前仅开展过小规模蒸汽吞吐现场试验,开发程度较低,经济效益不过关,未形成有效的开发技术体系,不同砂体规模布井模式及有效动用方式不明确。为此,基于储层流体渗流特征,通过岩心驱油实验和数值模拟、经济评价研究,对比分析弹性开发、热水驱、蒸汽吞吐、弹性开发转蒸汽吞吐、蒸汽驱的开发效果,建立超薄层稠油油藏开发方式及布井模式优化设计方法,评价不同河道砂体规模下直井和水平井的井控储量,计算不同开发方式技术经济井距。结果表明:弹性开发有效期为240~300d,弹性开发转蒸汽吞吐采收率较高、内部收益率最高。将研究成果用于指导区块分四期编制开发布井方案,设计开发井493口(水平井155口),设计产能32.59×10^(4)t,河道宽度大于250m、有效厚度大于2.3m的区域部署水平井,河道宽度小于250m、有效厚度大于2.7m的区域部署直井,采用140m井距,采取前期弹性开发后期转蒸汽吞吐开发方式。截至目前已完钻并投产292口井,累积产油量32.7×10^(4)t,实现了当年增储、当年建产、当年拿油。