Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors

Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data sources.Utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing factors.Our findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant type.Among provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the lowest.Southern China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water landscapes.Western China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism resources.Crucially,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management approaches.In response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR database.Our research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management.

Spatial Mismatch of Tourism Resources and Tourism Economy:A Case Study of Ice and Snow Tourism in Altay Region

The coordinated development of tourism resources and tourism economy is vital improve the quality and efficiency of regional tourism.Taking the ice and snow tourism in Altay region as an example,this study constructed an evaluation indicator system and used the methods of gravity center model,spatial mismatch index model and obstacle degree model to calculate the spatial mismatch index and influencing factors of ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region as a whole and in each county and city.It found in the study period:(i)the ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region was synchronous in the development of time sequence,while the spatial distribution pattern was characterized by regional imbalance;(ii)at the macro scale,the spatial mismatch degree of the ice-snow tourism resource center and the tourism economic center in Altay region was gradually reduced,but they were always separated from the spatial geometric center of Altay region;(iii)at the micro scale,the spatial mismatch index of counties and cities in Altay region was mainly negative mismatch,and the types of spatial mismatch changed in different degrees;(iv)the factors showed certain spatial differentiation characteristics in different counties of Altay region,and there were some differences in the obstacles of different mismatch level areas,and the economic basis was the most frequent obstacle in different mismatch level areas of Altay region.

Utilization and Living Inheritance of Red Tourism Resources in Nanxiong City under the Background of"Baiqianwan Project"

Under the work deployment of"Double Hundred Action",Huizhou Engineering Vocational College,Nanxiong Municipal People's Government and Shaoguan College have formulated a series of plans and projects to promote the local development of Nanxiong through cooperation and in-depth research,which strengthens the role of vocational education in rural revitalization,and promotes the effective use of red tourism resources in Nanxiong City,promoted the development of local tourism and economy,provides new impetus and direction for rural revitalization,and demonstrates the positive prospects and vitality of rural revitalization,as well as the important value and potential of vocational education in rural revitalization.

Efficient utilization of ecological and cultural-tourism resources:Taking Guangzhou Cultural Park as an example

Land space is precious resource and carrier of various economic activities.Ecosystem Product Value Realization and Cultural Tourism is new economic growth point for green and low-carbon development.It is necessary to study how to intensively and efficiently utilize ecological and cultural-tourism resources under"Three zones three lines for land use"(3Z3L),which is basic land space planning policy.However,there are few research and cases due to difficulties of interdisciplinary research.This article adopts the methods of policies research,graphic analysis,and visiting,to study efficient utilization of ecological and cultural-tourism resources.This study found that the development of land spaces of ecology,agriculture,and urban areas is 3D trend,multi-purpose resource utilization can be achieved by improving the utilization efficiency of 3D space and differentiating spatial utilization in different periods.Taking Guangzhou Cultural Park as an example,the research object has improved the efficiency of ecological and cultural-tourism resource utilization by its managements and technology,such as“house under the tree,tree inside the house”.However,there are shortcomings just as planning and protection policies with it.We proposed to optimize the spatial planning and regulations,and improve the protection of overlapping areas of 3Z3L by planning and regulations,improve the utilization efficiency of ecological and cultural-tourism space,meet the urban young people's multiple needs such as culture and ecology in 3D space,use new technologies to improve ecological services quality such as biological methods,strengthen the coordination of multiple management departments with the concept of nature based solutions,develop the“Reversed Transmission Effect”,keep the boundary of urban development strictly.

Development of Spring Tourism Resources in Jinan Based on RMCP Analysis

In recent years,the integrated development of culture and tourism in China has shown a promising trend,but there are still some shortcomings in the development of tourism resources.Jinan is prosperous and famous for its springs.As a landmark of Jinan,spring has played an indispensable role in Jinan’s tourism.The unique spring culture is an important component of Chinese water culture and has significant development value.At present,there is still shortcoming of spring tourism resources development in Jinan.In this paper,combining market demand and utilizing RMCP analysis,Jinan spring water resources are further analyzed and integrated,and targeted development strategies and suggestions for Jinan’s characteristic spring resources are proposed.

Development of Yimeng Red Tourism Resources from the Perspective of Tourist Perception

In this paper,the connotation of red tourism is explained from a new perspective firstly.On the basis of summarizing and evaluating the red tourism resources in Yimeng,combined with the current development status of red tourism in Yimeng region,based on the subjective evaluation of tourists on the development of red tourism in Yimeng region,several targeted suggestions for the development of red tourism in Yimeng are proposed.

Using ArcGIS to Study Transportation Accessibility of Cultural Tourism Resources with Wan'an County in Jiangxi Province as an Example

This paper reviews cultural tourist attractions and transportation conditions of Wan'an County in Jiangxi Province,and calculates the accessibility and kernel density of transportation network by using ArcGIS.Through the analysis,it obtains the spatial relationship between the accessibility of Wan an County and the spatial structural characteristics of"one center,two clusters,two verticals and one horizontal"presented by the cultural tourism resources.Based on this,the paper puts forward the transportation development suggestions for the development of cultural tourism for Wan'an County.

Development of Tourism Resources of Baimai Spring Park in Jinan City and Its Path Optimization

Tourism is gradually becoming one of the pillar industries of China s economy. Tourism resources are the premise and foundation of tourism development. It is of great significance to study the exploitation of tourism resources to promote the development of tourism. Jinan is famous for water, and Baimai Spring Park is a collection of springs in one place, with rich tourism resources. Coupled with the local government s attention to tourism, Baimai Spring Park, as a representative, has accumulated a rich tourism market foundation. With the support of policies, unique spring ecological and cultural resources and increasingly perfect location conditions, the high-quality development of tourism resources in Baimai Spring Park is particularly urgent. In this study, the present situation and problems of development of tourism resources in Baimai Spring Park were analyzed by questionnaire survey method, and corresponding optimization suggestions were put forward.

Enjoy the Wonders of Xinjiang in Autumn and Winter 'Xinjiang Autumn and Winter Cultural Tourism Resources Promotion' Event Held in Beijing

On July 10,2023,as part of the"Chinese Culture and Tourism Global Promotional Campaign",the event of"Xinjiang Autumn and Winter Cultural Tourism Resources Promotion"was organized by the Network of International Culturalink Entities,and co-hosted by the Bureau of International Exchange and Cooperation of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism,as well as the Department of Culture and Tourism of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Discussion about Tourism Development of Agricultural Cultural Heritage in Xiajin County of Shandong Province

[Objectives]To discuss the protection and utilization of agricultural cultural heritage in Xiajin County in the context of deep integration of culture and tourism.With the advancement of the process of revitalizing villages through culture and tourism,agricultural cultural heritage has gradually attracted wide attention from all walks of life.This paper is intended to provide new ideas and strategies for the development of local cultural tourism through in-depth analysis of agricultural cultural heritage resources in Xiajin County.[Methods]Using the method of literature research,this paper systematically sorted out the historical background,current situation and value of agricultural cultural heritage in Xiajin County.Besides,the agricultural cultural heritage resources in Xiajin County were comprehensively evaluated using the 3-3-6 evaluation method.On this basis,combined with the theory of industrial convergence and sustainable development,it came up with some specific suggestions on the tourism development of agricultural cultural heritage in Xiajin County.[Results]Through the in-depth evaluation of agricultural cultural heritage resources in Xiajin County,it is found that it has rich historical and cultural heritage and unique tourism value.However,there are still some problems in protection and utilization.In view of the problems,it recommended to attach importance to the inheritance of Xiajin agricultural cultural heritage,develop characteristic heritage tourism and improve relevant supporting facilities.[Conclusions]Deeply excavating the essence of agricultural cultural heritage in Xiajin County and organically combining it with modern tourism is an important way to realize the sustainable development of local cultural tourism.The recommendations are expected to provide reference for the development of agricultural heritage tourism in Xiajin County and other regions,and help to promote the deep integration of culture and tourism,and promote rural revitalization and cultural inheritance.

Coupling and coordination relationship of tourism inclusive green growth system:Evidence from Shandong Province

Sustainable growth is a prerequisite for high-quality development,and inclusive green growth is regarded as an important way to realize sustainable growth.This paper constructs a tourism inclusive green growth index(IGGI)system based on the 2018 Asian Development Bank IGGI.Using Shandong Province from 2017 to 2019,the entropy weight method is utilized to explore the degree of coupling and coordination among the subsystems of tourism inclusive green growth.The study shows that:(1)the tourism IGGI continues to grow;(2)in the tourism inclusive green growth system,the social equity subsystem shows a trend of steady improvement;and(3)in the system,there is a slight discordance between the economic growth subsystem and the environmental sustainability subsystem.The study aims to provide the scientific basis for the high-quality development of tourism and theoretical support for the field of tourism and environmental sustainability.

Development of Rural Tourism Industry under the Background of New Rural Construction : A Case Study of Henghe of Boluo County in Huizhou City

Henghe Town in Boluo County of Huizhou is taken as the research object for analysis.The research and analysis on the tourism industry in Henghe Town of Boluo County are conducted,and the basic situation of rural tourism construction in Henghe Town is sorted out.The forms of tourism industry in Henghe Town and the problems in rural tourism development are identified,and some targeted suggestions and countermeasures are proposed.It hopes to provide ideas and references for the construction of beautiful rural areas in mountainous areas of Guangdong Province,and theoretical reference and practical significance for the development of rural tourism in mountainous areas of Guangdong Province.

Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of Depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup correlations between variables. Descriptive analysis was possible with the XLSTAT 2016 software. Results: 43.60% of Health Facilities (HF) managers were unqualified. 82.20% of HF managers have staff in a situation of professional insecurity. They are mainly contractual (49.00), decision-making agents (24.40%), casual agents (08.80). The proportion of unstable personnel is average of 22.00% and very unstable, 12.00%.

Reflection on the Integrated Development of Marine Fisheries and Tourism Based on the Transformation of Fishery Facilities: A Case Study of Ningde City of Fujian Province, China

Based on the analysis on the current situation of marine fishery resources and development in Ningde City,this paper plans a spatial pattern for the integration of marine fishery and tourism of the“one belt,three zones,and multiple points”,designs key projects,analyzes the existing problems in the integrated development of fishery and tourism,and proposes relevant countermeasures and suggestions.

Spatial Differentiation and Convergence Trend of High-quality Development Level of China’s Tourism Economy

This paper aims to interpret the connotation of high-quality development of tourism economy(HQTE)from the perspective of the new development concepts of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing,and then to evaluate the spatial differenti-ation of China’s HQTE based on provincial panel data from 2009 to 2018.Specifically,we employ the spatial convergence model to ex-plore the absolute and conditionalβconvergence trends of HQTE in the whole country and the eastern,central and western regions of China.Our empirical results reveal that:1)within the decade,from 2009 to 2018,regions of China with the highest HQTE index is its eastern region followed by the central region and then the western region,but the fastest growing one is the western region of China fol-lowed by the central region and then the eastern region.2)Whether or not the spatial effect is included,there are absolute and condition-alβconvergence in HQTE in the whole country and aforementioned three regions.3)The degree of government attention as well as the level of economic development and location accessibility are the positive driving factors for the convergence of HQTE in the whole country and the three regions.The degree of marketization and human capital have not passed the significance test either in the whole country or in the three regions.The above conclusions could deepen the understanding of the regional imbalance and spatial conver-gence characteristics of HQTE,clarify the primary development objects,and accomplish the goal of China’s HQTE.

Dynamical Artificial Bee Colony for Energy-Efficient Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling with Additional Resources and Maintenance

Unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem(UPMSP)is a typical scheduling one and UPMSP with various reallife constraints such as additional resources has been widely studied;however,UPMSP with additional resources,maintenance,and energy-related objectives is seldom investigated.The Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithm has been successfully applied to various production scheduling problems and demonstrates potential search advantages in solving UPMSP with additional resources,among other factors.In this study,an energy-efficient UPMSP with additional resources and maintenance is considered.A dynamical artificial bee colony(DABC)algorithm is presented to minimize makespan and total energy consumption simultaneously.Three heuristics are applied to produce the initial population.Employed bee swarm and onlooker bee swarm are constructed.Computing resources are shifted from the dominated solutions to non-dominated solutions in each swarm when the given condition is met.Dynamical employed bee phase is implemented by computing resource shifting and solution migration.Computing resource shifting and feedback are used to construct dynamical onlooker bee phase.Computational experiments are conducted on 300 instances from the literature and three comparative algorithms and ABC are compared after parameter settings of all algorithms are given.The computational results demonstrate that the new strategies of DABC are effective and that DABC has promising advantages in solving the considered UPMSP.

Research on Developing an Assessment Scale for Tourism Experience Elements of Ancient Shu Road Heritage Trail

Cultural ancient roads,known in Chinese as gudao,serve as heritage trails that carry historical exchanges across various regions in China.Due to their extensive preservation,wide geographical distribution,diverse thematic variations,and considerable tourist appeal,these paths have emerged as representative heritage trails,increasingly transforming into a novel tourism product experience that is highly favored by tourists and recognized by government authorities.However,research on ancient roads for tourism in China currently lacks a systematic theoretical framework,as well as relevant policies,regulations,and standards to guide their practical development.Therefore,there is a pressing need to draw upon international best practices and conduct foundational research to develop an experience element system that aligns with the perceptions,behaviors,and consumption characteristics of Chinese tourists,thereby advancing theoretical exploration in this field.This study focuses on the representative Ancient Shu Road as a case study and employs a mixed-method approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative research.It aims to construct a tourist-centric scale for the experience elements of ancient road tourism while analyzing the interactive relationship between these experience elements and tourist needs.This study addresses a significant gap in the development of indicator systems for domestic studies of ancient road tourism experiences.Ultimately,the study establishes a comprehensive scale that encompasses three core categories—trail resources and environment,facilities and services,and modes of tourism activities—along with eight primary dimensions:core resources,surrounding cultural environment,surrounding natural environment,tourism reception facilities and services,infrastructure and support services,information facilities and information services,and outdoor and recreational activities.This scale consists of thirty-two specific items,providing a robust reference for future research endeavors.Additionally,the study proposes specific development strategies related to key mechanisms,spatial configuration,and facility construction to enhance the overall development of ancient road tourism.

Knowledge mapping of research on sustainable utilization of landscape resources:a case study of Guilin National Innovation Demonstration Zone for sustainable development in China

Worldwide interest has increasingly focused on the sustainable utilization of landscape as a resource in urban areas,emphasizing its ecological,cultural and social significance.This study examines Guilin City,China,as a representative case study due to its rich landscape resources and status as a national innovation demonstration zone for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.This study uses bibliometric visualization tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze research trends from 1980 to 2021 in the Chinese Academic Journal Network Publishing Database(CNKI).The results show increasing academic interest over three stages:initiation(1982-1997),exploration(1998-2004),and diversified development(2005-2021).Contributions are predominantly from local academic and tourism sectors,indicating a strong regional influence;however,relatively weak interinstitutional collaboration occurs,suggesting potential for more integrated research efforts.Primary research is also concentrated within economic disciplines,particularly tourism-related ones.The evolution of research frontiers reveals three main paths:urban development strategies,industrial economic theories and empirical validation,and ecosystem analysis and evaluation.A multidisciplinary approach and stronger collaborative efforts are crucial to enhance research on ecological values and empirical models while supporting evidence-based urban development strategies in Guilin City and comparable cities globally.

Spatial and Temporal Differences of Climate Suitability of Ice and Snow Sports in Major Ski Tourism Destinations in China

Ice and snow tourism in China has grown significantly since the country successfully hosted the Beijing Winter Olympics.Climatic conditions profoundly impact the development of ice and snow tourism;however,most studies have focused on constructing different climate suitability indicators for ice and snow tourism to evaluate individual regions,lacking horizontal comparative studies across multiple regions.This study aims to enrich the connotation of climate suitability for ice and snow sports,establish an evaluation model based on snowfall amount,temperature,and wind speed,and use daily meteorological data from 1991 to 2021 to horizontally compare the climate suitability for ice and snow sports in major ski tourism destinations in China.This study boasts four major findings:1)the average ice and snow sports climate index of each region decreases over time,and the overall suitability of the climate for ice and snow sports is reducing;2)northern Xinjiang exhibits the most evident regional differentiation from‘very suitable’to‘generally suitable’;3)the spatial zoning of climate suitability for ice and snow sports exhibits heterogeneity,as northern Xinjiang is divided into two‘suitable and above’zones with rotating empirical orthogonal function(REOF).Correspondingly,the four provinces of Hebei,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning are divided into three‘generally suitable and above’zones;4)snowfall amount is the main factor affecting the climate suitability of ice and snow sports in the major ski tourist destinations in China.

Joint Allocation of Computing and Connectivity Resources in Survivable Inter-Datacenter Elastic Optical Networks

Inter-datacenter elastic optical networks(EON)need to provide the service for the requests of cloud computing that require not only connectivity and computing resources but also network survivability.In this paper,to realize joint allocation of computing and connectivity resources in survivable inter-datacenter EONs,a survivable routing,modulation level,spectrum,and computing resource allocation algorithm(SRMLSCRA)algorithm and three datacenter selection strategies,i.e.Computing Resource First(CRF),Shortest Path First(SPF)and Random Destination(RD),are proposed for different scenarios.Unicast and manycast are applied to the communication of computing requests,and the routing strategies are calculated respectively.Simulation results show that SRMLCRA-CRF can serve the largest amount of protected computing tasks,and the requested calculation blocking probability is reduced by 29.2%,28.3%and 30.5%compared with SRMLSCRA-SPF,SRMLSCRA-RD and the benchmark EPS-RMSA algorithms respectively.Therefore,it is more applicable to the networks with huge calculations.Besides,SRMLSCRA-SPF consumes the least spectrum,thereby exhibiting its suitability for scenarios where the amount of calculation is small and communication resources are scarce.The results demonstrate that the proposed methods realize the joint allocation of computing and connectivity resources,and could provide efficient protection for services under single-link failure and occupy less spectrum.