Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

Aspects on the Mechanism of the 1-Phenyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazolo[3,4-<i>b</i>]quinoxaline Formation

Condensation of D-glucose, o-phenylenediamine and N,N-benzylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride (NNBPHH) in a one-pot reaction, or condensation of 2-(D-arabino-tetritol-1-yl) quinoxaline and NNBPHH, gave 3-(D-erythro-glycerol-1- yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline. The structure of the latter was determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and by synthesis using phenylhydrazine hydrochloride instead of NNBPHH. Condensation of D-glucose and 4,5-dichloro-o-phenylenediamine gave 6,7-dichloro-2-(D-arabino-tetritol-1-yl)quinoxaline, which upon condensation with NNBPHH gave the corresponding 6,7-dichloro-3-(D-erythro-glycerol-1-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline. The structure and mechanism of formation of these compounds are discussed.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Trans-4-[(5-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyleneamino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one

The title compound trans-4-[（5-（2,4-dichlorophenoxy）-3-methyl- 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl）methyleneamino]- 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one 3 （C28H23Cl2N5O2, Mr = 532.41） has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1- with a = 8.9438（4）, b = 11.6065（5）, c = 14.2215（6）A, α = 112.566（1）, β = 92.324（2）, γ = 102.91（1）°, V= 1315.65（10） A^3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.344 g/cm^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.282 mm^-1, λ = 0.71073 A, F（000） = 552, the final R = 0.0587 and wR = 0.1578 for 5071 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis reveals that the product is a thermodynamically stable trans isomer. Intra- and intermolecular C（ 12）-H（12）…O（1） and C（28）-H（28）...O（1）# 1 hydrogen bonds were observed in the title compound.

SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE COPOLYMERS OF C_(60) AND 1-PHENYL-1-PROPYNE

While WCl_6-Ph_4Sn fails to polymerize 1-phenyl-1-propyne (PP) at room temperature, highmolecular weight (M_w up to 410× 10~3) polymers are obtained in high yields (up to 80%) when thepolymerizations of PP are carried out in the presence of C_(60) using the W catalyst under the same conditions.The polymers are soluble in common organic solvents such as THF, chloroform, and toluene. Molecularstructures of the polymers are characterized by FT-IR, UV, NMR, GPC and XRD, and it is found that C_(60) iscopolymerized with PP. Thus C_(60) plays the dual roles of comonomer and cocatalyst in the polymerizationreaction. C_(60) contents of the copolymers can be easily changed by varying the C_(60) amounts in the feedmixtures. The copolymers effectively limit strong 532 nm laser pulses, whose limiting performance issuperior to that of parent C_(60).

Extraction Behavior of Rare Earths with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5 Using Solid-liquid Extraction Technique

The extraction behavior of rare earths was studied by using paraffin with ceresin as a diluent containing 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5.In solid phase,the composition of complexes is REP_3.The equilib- rium extraction constants and pH_(1/2) values of solid-liquid extraction are higher than those of normal liquid-liquid extraction.The extraction efficiency tends to maximum when the ratio of phases is 1:1.When the extraction temperature is higher than the melting point of paraffin and the extraction time is over 10 min,the extraction efficiency keeps constant.Moreover,the relationship among separation factor,equilibrium extrac- tion constant,pH_(1/2) value and atomic number was obtained.The mechanism of solid-liquid extraction is analogous to that of liquid-liquid extraction.

Insight into the Detailed Mechanism of HRh(CO)(PPh_3)_3 Catalyzed Hydroformylation of 1-Phenyl-1-(3-pyridyl)ethene:A DFT Study

Density functional calculations have been used to study the mechanism of 1-phenyl-1-（3-pyridyl）ethene hydroformylation using rhodium catalyst.Our calculations reveal that the rate-determining step is the oxidative addition of hydrogen molecule and the preferred path is the one involving ts3ans for the lowest activation free-energy （ΔrGa）,63.8 kJ/mol.This reaction is demonstrated to be strong exothermic by-96.6 kJ/mol of branched products and-98.2 kJ/mol of linear products.And the predominant product is the linear 3-phenyl-3-（3-pyridal）propanal （pr-ns） determined by both thermodynamics and kinetics.These results are in agreement with the practicality experimental studies.

Two New Schiff Bases Based on 5-Chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Properties

Two new Schiff bases based on 5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde, namely, N-((5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-4-morpholinoaniline(Ⅲa) and N-((5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-3-fluoro-4-morpholinoaniline(Ⅲb), were synthesized and characterized by IR, LC-MS, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional configurations of the two title compounds were further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Both the compounds are thermodynamically stable trans-isomers. Moreover, the fluorescence properties and antioxidant activities against DPPH of the two target compounds have been investigated, and the results showed that the title compounds both have fluorescence performance and certain antioxidant activities against DPPH radical.

Studies on the Oxazaborolidine-catalyzed Enantioselective Reduction of 3-Morpholin-4-yl-1-phenyl-1-propanone with Density Functional Theory

Density functional theory (DFT) has been applied to study the enantioselective reduction of 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-phenyl-1-propanone with borane catalyzed by (S)-4-benzyl-5,5- diphenyl-1,3,2-oxazaborolidine at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. All molecular species involved in the four reaction steps have been fully optimized and the structural parameters are provided, and the micro process of reaction was also investigated. The catalyst-alkoxyborane adduct formed in step III exhibits a B-O-B-N tetra-atomic ring. Reaction coordination calculations show that BH3 can react with 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-phenyl-1-propanone spontaneously, resulting in the need of 2 mol BH3 in the reaction.

Effects of Two Anti-TNF-α Compounds: Etanercept and 5-Ethyl-1-Phenyl-2-(1H)-Pyridone on Secreted and Cell-Associated TNF-α <i>In Vitro</i>

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a potent inflammatory cytokine and its exaggerated production has been implicated in acute, chronic and autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous anti-TNF-α agents have been developed to reduce its circulating levels either by neutralizing, binding or inhibiting the de novo synthesis with the aim of achieving desirable therapeutic effects. In the present study, we compared the effects of a protein-based anti-TNF-α drug, etanercept, and a non-protein-based anti-TNF-α small molecule, 5-ethyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H) pyridone (5-EPP), on the LPS-stimulated secretion of TNF-α in the medium and TNF-α associated with the THP-1 cells in vitro. Both drugs had marked concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on the LPS-stimulated secretion of TNF-α. However, their effects on the LPS-stimulated cell-associated TNF-α were diametrically opposed to each other. For instance, etanercept further increased the level by up to 12-fold, whereas 5-EPP inhibited the level in a dose dependent manner. In addition, 5-EPP caused a significant reduction in the elevated level of cell associated TNF-α caused by LPS + etanercept. The differences in the levels of cell-associated TNF-α as reported in the present study may partly explain the adverse effects of some protein-based anti-TNF-α drugs including etanercept as opposed to a non-protein-based anti-TNF-α drug such as pirfenidone, a structural analogue of 5-EPP, for treatment of some TNF-α mediated diseases. It was concluded from the findings of this study that drugs which elevate the levels of cell associated-TNF-α will potentially have more adverse events even after reducing the secreted levels of TNF-α than the drugs which reduce both the secreted and cell-associated TNF-α levels.

佛手多糖对1-甲基-4-苯基-吡啶离子诱导人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞损伤的保护作用研究

该文探究佛手多糖对1-甲基-4-苯基-吡啶离子(1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine ion,MPP+)诱导人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞损伤的保护作用及其机制。佛手多糖经大孔吸附树脂AB-8进行纯化。体外培养SH-SY5Y细胞,构建帕金森病(Parkinson′s disease,PD)细胞模型,实验分为对照组、MPP+模型组、佛手多糖组。采用噻唑蓝(methye thiazdye telrazlium,MTT)法检测细胞存活率,Hoechst33258染色法观察细胞形态,2′,7′-二氯荧光黄双乙酸盐荧光探针检测细胞活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平,JC-1荧光探针法检测线粒体膜电位,蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)检测磷酸化蛋白激酶B(phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-Akt)、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)、磷酸化细胞外调节蛋白激酶(phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2,p-ERK1/2)和细胞色素c(cytochrome c,Cyt-c)蛋白表达水平。结果表明,佛手多糖的得率4.86%,纯度为44.46%,经过AB-8纯化后,纯度提高到60.81%;与对照组相比,模型组细胞的存活率显著降低,Hoechst33258染色下可见细胞破碎,细胞核皱缩,细胞内ROS显著增加,线粒体膜电位显著降低。与模型组相比,佛手多糖组的细胞存活率显著增加,细胞形态明显得到改善,ROS水平下降,线粒体膜电位升高。Western blot结果显示,佛手多糖能抑制MPP+引起的p-Akt和p-ERK1/2的降低,以及Cyt-c的上升。综上,佛手多糖对MPP+诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能是通过调节线粒体ROS的产生和Cyt-c的释放,进而维持线粒体稳态,激活Akt信号通路和ERK信号通路,抑制细胞的凋亡,从而起到保护作用。研究结果可为缓解帕金森病的发生发展提供理论依据,同时也能更好地开发和利用佛手资源。

Highly reinforce the interface stability using 2-Phenyl-1H-imidazole-1-sulfonate electrolyte additive to enhance the high temperature performance of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)/graphite batteries

This work develops 2-Phenyl-1H-imidazole-1-sulfonate(PHIS)as a multi-functional electrolyte additive for H2O/HF scavenging and film formation to improve the high temperature performance of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)/graphite batteries.After 450 cycles at room temperature(25℃),the discharge capacity retentions of batteries with blank and PHIS-containing electrolyte are 56.03%and 94.92%respectively.After 230 cycles at high temperatures(45℃),their values are 75.30%and 88.38%respectively.The enhanced electrochemical performance of the batteries with PHIS-containing electrolyte is supported by the spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations.It is demonstrated that this PHIS electrolyte additive can facilitate the construction of the electrode interface films,remove the H2O/HF in the electrolyte,and improve the electrochemical performance of the batteries.This work not only develops a sulfonate-based electrolyte but also can stimulate new ideas of functional additives to improve the battery performance.

(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮的合成与表征

采用3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯乙醛与4-氨基安替比林以甲醇作为溶剂通过缩合反应合成了(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮。对所生成化合物采用乙醇进行结晶,5 d后获得浅黄色的晶体,其结构经X-射线单晶衍射表征,属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数a=12.0197(11),b=10.8239(10),c=13.3921(12),β=94.870(2)°,V=1736.0(3)3,Z=4,D x=1.780 mg·m-3,θ=2.4~25.5°,μ=4.69 mm-1,T=295(2)K,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪得到产物的红外光谱图。

Extraction and Separation of Rare Earths from Nitrate Medium by Mixtures of p-Phosphorylated Calixarene and 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5

The gadolinium extraction by the mixtures of p-phosphorylated calixarene and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoylpyrazalone-5 from nitrate medium was studied,which indicated an obvious synergistic effect between these two extractants.The extractants exhibit no interaction with each other before the metal extraction.Gadolinium(Ⅲ)was extracted by the species of Ln(PMBP)_(2)L_(2)(NO_(3))instead of Ln(PMBP)_(3)•(HPMBP)or Ln(NO_(3))_(3)•2L which are extracted by HPMBP or L alone.Thermodynamic functions(ΔG,ΔH,ΔS)were calculated.The extraction of other rare earths was also investigated and compared.Possible single rare earth separation was discussed.

有机化学综合实验“1-苄基-2-苯基苯并咪唑的合成”设计

针对教材中有机化学综合实验氧化还原类项目反应温度较高、易产生有毒有害气体、副反应多、产率不高、产品回收困难等问题,设计了“1-苄基-2-苯基苯并咪唑的合成”实验。实验项目具有较强的综合性,包含了有机化学实验基本操作及柱层析、薄层色谱、熔点测定及核磁表征,采用ChemDraw、MestReNova等软件制图、谱图解析等对数据处理分析。此实验项目适用于本科大三(下)或者大四(上),有效避免了当前有机化学综合实验氧化还原实验项目中存在的一些问题,使化学化工类相关专业本科生的综合实验能力得到锻炼。

Neuroprotective potential of Quercetin in combination with piperine against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity

1-Methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP）is a neurotoxin that selectively damages dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and induces Parkinson＇s like symptoms in rodents.Quercetin（QC）is a natural polyphenolic bioflavonoid with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but lacks of clinical attraction due to low oral bioavailability.Piperine is a well established bioavailability enhancer used pre-clinically to improve the bioavailability of antioxidants（e.g.,Quercetin）.Therefore,the present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of QC together with piperine against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in rats.MPTP（100μg/μL/rat,bilaterally）was injected intranigrally on days 1,4 and 7 using a digital stereotaxic apparatus.QC（25 and 50 mg/kg,intragastrically）and QC（25 mg/kg,intragastrically）in combination with piperine（2.5 mg/kg,intragastrically）were administered daily for 14 days starting from day 8 after the 3^（rd） injection of MPTP.On day 22,animals were sacrificed and the striatum was isolated for oxidative stress parameter（thiobarbituric acid reactive substances,nitrite and glutathione）,neuroinflammatory cytokine（interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α）and neurotransmitter（dopamine,norepinephrine,serotonin,gamma-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,homovanillic acid,and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid）evaluations.Bilateral infusion of MPTP into substantia nigra pars compacta led to significant motor deficits as evidenced by impairments in locomotor activity and rotarod performance in open field test and grip strength and narrow beam walk performance.Both QC（25 and 50 mg/kg）and QC（25 mg/kg）in combination with piperine（2.5 mg/kg）,in particular the combination therapy,significantly improved MPTP-induced behavioral abnormalities in rats,reversed the abnormal alterations of neurotransmitters in the striatum,and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the striatum.These findings indicate that piperine can enhance the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of QC,and QC in combination with piperine exhibits strong neuroprotective effects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.

1⁃苯基⁃3⁃甲基⁃4⁃苯甲酰基⁃5⁃吡唑啉酮稀土配合物的合成、晶体结构、发光性能与密度泛函理论计算

以1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮(Hpmbp)和4,4′-二甲基-2,2′-联吡啶(dmbipy)为配体合成了一类单核稀土配合物[Ln(pmbp)3(dmbipy)]·C2H_(5)OH,其中Ln=Tb(1⁃Tb)、Ho(1⁃Ho)、Er(1⁃Er)、Tm(1⁃Tm)。结构表征显示该类配合物由稀土金属离子与3个pmbp-配体、1个dmbipy配体配位而成,同时存在一分子非配位的乙醇。Ln^(3+)离子的配位环境均接近于三角十二面体构型。荧光测试表明,1⁃Tb、1⁃Ho、1⁃Er和1⁃Tm均表现出了相应稀土离子的特征发射峰。此外,利用密度泛函理论计算分析了Hpmbp配体、dmbipy配体及稀土配合物的HOMO-LUMO信息。

Synthesis of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-Phenyl-1,3-Propanedione and Luminescence Properties of Its Europium Complexes

Using 2＇-Hydroxyacetophenone and as the raw material, 1-（ 2-Hydroxyphenyl ）-3-Phenyl-1, 3- Propanedione （HPPPD） was synthesized by esterification reaction and Fries rearrangement reaction. And the complexes of HPPPD with europium were also synthesized. The compounds were characterized by IR, thermo-gravimetric analysis and ^1H-NMR. The effects of phenolic hydroxyl on the luminescence properties of complexes were studied. The results show that the complexes emit strong red fluorescence and the fluorescence intensity of the ternary complex is better than that of the duality. But the complexes of HPPPD with Sm（ Ⅲ ）, Tb （ Ⅲ ）, Dy （ Ⅲ ） emit weak fluorescence. The phenomenon was interpreted by electron-effect and energy-matching mechanism. Energy transfer mechanism of the luminescence in the complex was discussed.

Differential protein expression in substantia nigra induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine in a mouse model of chronic Parkinson’s disease

BACKGROUND： To date, a complete protein expression profile of the midbrain substantia nigra in a mouse model of chronic Parkinson＇s disease, induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP）, does not exist. In addition, there are no reports of analysis of differential protein expression. OBJECTIVE： To separate and evaluate MPTP-induced differential protein expression through the use of proteomics in the substantia nigra of a mouse model of chronic Parkinson＇s disease. DESIGN： Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING： Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University. MATERIALS： Sixteen 8-10-week old, healthy, male, C57BL mice, weighing 20-25 g, and of clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University. The experimental animals were disposed according to ethical criteria. MPTP was provided by Sigma Company, USA; Pdquest 2D image analysis software and gelatum/irradiance image analysis system （ChemiDoc XRS） by Bio-Rad, USA; and Voyager DE-PROMALD1-TOF-MS mass spectroscopy analyzer by AB1 Company, USA. METHODS： This study was performed in Chongqing Neurological Laboratory between November 2006 and July 2007. Mice were randomly divided into model and control groups, with 8 mice in each group. Mice in the model group were received a subcutaneous injection of MPTP （25 mg＆g）, twice a week, for five successive weeks, to establish a chronic Parkinson＇s disease model. Mice in the control group received the same volume of a subcutaneous saline injection at the same time points. Mice were sacrificed by anesthesia to rapidly obtain the midbrain for protein separation of the substantia nigra. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） 2-ED handbook （Bio-Rad Company） was referenced for two-dimensional electrophoresis, （2） PDQUEST8,0 analytical electrophoresis pattern was adopted to evaluate differential protein expression. （3） Peptide mass finger print map and data were retrieved on http：//www.prospector.ucsf.edu to compare differential substantia nigral protein expression in the two groups. RESULTS： Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of substantia nigra tissue indicated that there were 33 differential protein expressions between the two groups. Three new proteins were evaluated, including α -enolase, which exhibited regulated expression, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B. CONCLUSION： There are three proteins that exhibit differential expression in the substantia nigra- α -enolase, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B.