Certain amino acids changes in the human Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase pump,ATPase Na^(+)/K^(+)transporting subunit alpha 1(ATP1A1),cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2(CMT2)disease and refractory seizures.To develop in viv...Certain amino acids changes in the human Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase pump,ATPase Na^(+)/K^(+)transporting subunit alpha 1(ATP1A1),cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2(CMT2)disease and refractory seizures.To develop in vivo models to study the role of Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase in these diseases,we modified the Drosophila gene homolog,Atpα,to mimic the human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause CMT2.Mutations located within the helical linker region of human ATP1A1(I592T,A597T,P600T,and D601F)were simultaneously introduced into endogenous Drosophila Atpαby CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing,generating the Atpα^(TTTF)model.In addition,the same strategy was used to generate the corresponding single point mutations in flies(Atpα^(I571T),Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579T),and Atpα^(D580F)).Moreover,a deletion mutation(Atpα^(mut))that causes premature termination of translation was generated as a positive control.Of these alleles,we found two that could be maintained as homozygotes(Atpα^(I571T)and Atpα^(P579T)).Three alleles(Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579)and Atpα^(D580F))can form heterozygotes with the Atpαmut allele.We found that the Atpαallele carrying these CMT2-associated mutations showed differential phenotypes in Drosophila.Flies heterozygous for Atpα^(TTTF)mutations have motor performance defects,a reduced lifespan,seizures,and an abnormal neuronal morphology.These Drosophila models will provide a new platform for studying the function and regulation of the sodium-potassium pump.展开更多
【目的】探明COL1A1(Collagen type I alpha 1 chain,I型胶原蛋白α1链)和COL1A2(Collagen type I alpha 2 chain,I型胶原蛋白α2链)基因在梅花鹿不同组织中的表达谱,解析其对梅花鹿组织发育的影响,为影响梅花鹿重要经济性状的候选基因...【目的】探明COL1A1(Collagen type I alpha 1 chain,I型胶原蛋白α1链)和COL1A2(Collagen type I alpha 2 chain,I型胶原蛋白α2链)基因在梅花鹿不同组织中的表达谱,解析其对梅花鹿组织发育的影响,为影响梅花鹿重要经济性状的候选基因筛选提供依据。【方法】采用RT-qPCR方法检测COL1A1和COL1A2基因在雄性梅花鹿心脏、肝脏和脾脏等16个组织器官中的表达水平;结合NetPhos 3.1、Motif Search和ProtParam等系列软件预测分析COL1A1和COL1A2基因的生物信息及其在梅花鹿不同组织中的表达谱,并在此基础上构建COL1A1和COL1A2氨基酸序列的系统发育进化树。【结果】COL1A1和COL1A2基因CDS区分别编码1463和1364个氨基酸,理论PI分别为5.60和9.19,COL1A1和COL1A2均是一种具有信号肽和磷酸化位点的亲水性稳定蛋白质;二者蛋白二级及三级结构均以无规则卷曲构成;与其他动物相比,鹿COL1A1和COL1A2基因均与反刍动物山羊、绵羊和牛的同源性最高,其中,鹿COL1A1基因与山羊、牛、绵羊的同源性分别为99.5%、99.5%和99.2%,鹿COL1A2基因与牛、绵羊、山羊的同源性分别为99.1%、99.0%和98.9%,亲缘关系最近。RT-qPCR结果显示,COL1A1和COL1A2基因在梅花鹿不同组织中均有表达,其中COL1A1基因在心脏、背最长肌和腿肌中的表达较高,显著高于其他组织,COL1A2基因在心脏、肝脏、肾脏和瓣胃中的表达较高,均显著高于其他组织;此外,COL1A1在肌肉组织中的表达较高,COL1A2较低;二者在其余组织中的表达具有一高一低,相互协同的作用趋势。【结论】COL1A1和COL1A2可能通过相互协同共同维持组织结构及组织发育,相关结果为后续深入研究COL1A1和COL1A2影响梅花鹿生长发育奠定基础。展开更多
BACKGROUND Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1(UGT1A1)plays a crucial role in metabolizing and detoxifying endogenous and exogenous substances.However,its contribution to the progression of liver damage re...BACKGROUND Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1(UGT1A1)plays a crucial role in metabolizing and detoxifying endogenous and exogenous substances.However,its contribution to the progression of liver damage remains unclear.AIM To determine the role and mechanism of UGT1A1 in liver damage progression.METHODS We investigated the relationship between UGT1A1 expression and liver injury through clinical research.Additionally,the impact and mechanism of UGT1A1 on the progression of liver injury was analyzed through a mouse model study.RESULTS Patients with UGT1A1 gene mutations showed varying degrees of liver damage,while patients with acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)exhibited relatively reduced levels of UGT1A1 protein in the liver as compared to patients with chronic hepatitis.This suggests that low UGT1A1 levels may be associated with the progression of liver damage.In mouse models of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl_(4))and concanavalin A(ConA),the hepatic levels of UGT1A1 protein were found to be increased.In mice with lipopolysaccharide or liver steatosis-mediated liver-injury progression,the hepatic protein levels of UGT1A1 were decreased,which is consistent with the observations in patients with ACLF.UGT1A1 knockout exacerbated CCl_(4)-and ConA-induced liver injury,hepatocyte apoptosis and necroptosis in mice,intensified hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and oxidative stress,and disrupted lipid metabolism.CONCLUSION UGT1A1 is upregulated as a compensatory response during liver injury,and interference with this upregulation process may worsen liver injury.UGT1A1 reduces ER stress,oxidative stress,and lipid metabolism disorder,thereby mitigating hepatocyte apoptosis and necroptosis.展开更多
COL1A1为I型α1胶原蛋白(Collagen type I alpha 1),在动物体内广泛存在。为了解其在绒山羊次级毛囊生长周期中的表达模式,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术、免疫组化技术、蛋白质印迹技术,从基因和蛋白水平分别对次级毛囊生长3个不同时期的COL...COL1A1为I型α1胶原蛋白(Collagen type I alpha 1),在动物体内广泛存在。为了解其在绒山羊次级毛囊生长周期中的表达模式,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术、免疫组化技术、蛋白质印迹技术,从基因和蛋白水平分别对次级毛囊生长3个不同时期的COL1A1基因表达量及表达差异、表达部位进行了检测。结果表明,COL1A1基因在绒山羊次级毛囊的生长期(9月)表达量最高,退行期(12月)表达量其次,休止期(2月)表达量相对最低。COL1A1主要表达于次级毛囊的外根鞘。由此说明,COL1A1通过调控绒山羊次级毛囊生长从而促进绒毛的生长。展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with obstructive jaundice caused by intrahepatic bile duct stones can be effectively managed by surgery.However,some patients may develop postope-rative complications,liver failure,and other life-t...BACKGROUND Patients with obstructive jaundice caused by intrahepatic bile duct stones can be effectively managed by surgery.However,some patients may develop postope-rative complications,liver failure,and other life-threatening situations.Here,we report a patient with mutations in the uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltrans-ferase 1A1(UGT1A1)and bile salt export pump(adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 11,ABCB11)genes who presented multiple intrahe-patic bile duct stones and cholestasis,and the jaundice of the patient increased after partial hepatectomy.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital on October 23,2021,with a progressive exacerbation of jaundice,was found to have multiple intrahepatic bile duct stones with the diagnoses of obstructive jaundice and acute cholecystitis.Subsequently,the patient underwent left hepatectomy with biliary exploration,stone extraction,T-tube drainage,and cholecystectomy without developing any intraoperative complications.The patient had a dark urine color with worsening jaundice postoperatively and did not respond well to plasma exchange and other symptomatic and supportive treatments.Since the progressive increase in postoperative bilirubin could not be clinically explained with any potential reason,including,if not at all,viral infection,cholangitis,autoimmune liver disease,and other causes,the patient underwent whole-exon screening for any genetic diseases,which surprisingly identified UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations related to glucuronidation of indirect bilirubin as well as bile acid transport in hepatocytes,respectively.Thus,we hypothesized that postoperative refractory cholestasis might result from UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations and further recommended liver transplantation to the patient,who eventually declined it and died from liver failure six months later.CONCLUSION Surgery may aggravate cholestasis in patients with multiple intrahepatic bile duct stones and cholestasis associated with UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations.A liver transplant may be the best option if active medical treatment fails.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2020J02027the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31970461the Foundation of NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate,Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital,No.2022-NHP-05(all to WC).
文摘Certain amino acids changes in the human Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase pump,ATPase Na^(+)/K^(+)transporting subunit alpha 1(ATP1A1),cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2(CMT2)disease and refractory seizures.To develop in vivo models to study the role of Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase in these diseases,we modified the Drosophila gene homolog,Atpα,to mimic the human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause CMT2.Mutations located within the helical linker region of human ATP1A1(I592T,A597T,P600T,and D601F)were simultaneously introduced into endogenous Drosophila Atpαby CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing,generating the Atpα^(TTTF)model.In addition,the same strategy was used to generate the corresponding single point mutations in flies(Atpα^(I571T),Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579T),and Atpα^(D580F)).Moreover,a deletion mutation(Atpα^(mut))that causes premature termination of translation was generated as a positive control.Of these alleles,we found two that could be maintained as homozygotes(Atpα^(I571T)and Atpα^(P579T)).Three alleles(Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579)and Atpα^(D580F))can form heterozygotes with the Atpαmut allele.We found that the Atpαallele carrying these CMT2-associated mutations showed differential phenotypes in Drosophila.Flies heterozygous for Atpα^(TTTF)mutations have motor performance defects,a reduced lifespan,seizures,and an abnormal neuronal morphology.These Drosophila models will provide a new platform for studying the function and regulation of the sodium-potassium pump.
文摘【目的】探明COL1A1(Collagen type I alpha 1 chain,I型胶原蛋白α1链)和COL1A2(Collagen type I alpha 2 chain,I型胶原蛋白α2链)基因在梅花鹿不同组织中的表达谱,解析其对梅花鹿组织发育的影响,为影响梅花鹿重要经济性状的候选基因筛选提供依据。【方法】采用RT-qPCR方法检测COL1A1和COL1A2基因在雄性梅花鹿心脏、肝脏和脾脏等16个组织器官中的表达水平;结合NetPhos 3.1、Motif Search和ProtParam等系列软件预测分析COL1A1和COL1A2基因的生物信息及其在梅花鹿不同组织中的表达谱,并在此基础上构建COL1A1和COL1A2氨基酸序列的系统发育进化树。【结果】COL1A1和COL1A2基因CDS区分别编码1463和1364个氨基酸,理论PI分别为5.60和9.19,COL1A1和COL1A2均是一种具有信号肽和磷酸化位点的亲水性稳定蛋白质;二者蛋白二级及三级结构均以无规则卷曲构成;与其他动物相比,鹿COL1A1和COL1A2基因均与反刍动物山羊、绵羊和牛的同源性最高,其中,鹿COL1A1基因与山羊、牛、绵羊的同源性分别为99.5%、99.5%和99.2%,鹿COL1A2基因与牛、绵羊、山羊的同源性分别为99.1%、99.0%和98.9%,亲缘关系最近。RT-qPCR结果显示,COL1A1和COL1A2基因在梅花鹿不同组织中均有表达,其中COL1A1基因在心脏、背最长肌和腿肌中的表达较高,显著高于其他组织,COL1A2基因在心脏、肝脏、肾脏和瓣胃中的表达较高,均显著高于其他组织;此外,COL1A1在肌肉组织中的表达较高,COL1A2较低;二者在其余组织中的表达具有一高一低,相互协同的作用趋势。【结论】COL1A1和COL1A2可能通过相互协同共同维持组织结构及组织发育,相关结果为后续深入研究COL1A1和COL1A2影响梅花鹿生长发育奠定基础。
基金the Science and Technology Research Foundations of Guizhou Province,No.QKHJC-ZK(2022)YB642Zunyi Science and Technology Plan Project,No.ZSKHHZ(2022)344,No.ZSKHHZ(2022)360,and No.ZYK160+2 种基金Hubei Province Central Leading Local Science and Technology Development Special Project,No.2022BCE030Changzhou Science and Technology Projects,No.CE20225054Bijie City Science and Planning Bureau,No.BKH(2022)8.
文摘BACKGROUND Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1(UGT1A1)plays a crucial role in metabolizing and detoxifying endogenous and exogenous substances.However,its contribution to the progression of liver damage remains unclear.AIM To determine the role and mechanism of UGT1A1 in liver damage progression.METHODS We investigated the relationship between UGT1A1 expression and liver injury through clinical research.Additionally,the impact and mechanism of UGT1A1 on the progression of liver injury was analyzed through a mouse model study.RESULTS Patients with UGT1A1 gene mutations showed varying degrees of liver damage,while patients with acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)exhibited relatively reduced levels of UGT1A1 protein in the liver as compared to patients with chronic hepatitis.This suggests that low UGT1A1 levels may be associated with the progression of liver damage.In mouse models of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl_(4))and concanavalin A(ConA),the hepatic levels of UGT1A1 protein were found to be increased.In mice with lipopolysaccharide or liver steatosis-mediated liver-injury progression,the hepatic protein levels of UGT1A1 were decreased,which is consistent with the observations in patients with ACLF.UGT1A1 knockout exacerbated CCl_(4)-and ConA-induced liver injury,hepatocyte apoptosis and necroptosis in mice,intensified hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and oxidative stress,and disrupted lipid metabolism.CONCLUSION UGT1A1 is upregulated as a compensatory response during liver injury,and interference with this upregulation process may worsen liver injury.UGT1A1 reduces ER stress,oxidative stress,and lipid metabolism disorder,thereby mitigating hepatocyte apoptosis and necroptosis.
文摘COL1A1为I型α1胶原蛋白(Collagen type I alpha 1),在动物体内广泛存在。为了解其在绒山羊次级毛囊生长周期中的表达模式,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术、免疫组化技术、蛋白质印迹技术,从基因和蛋白水平分别对次级毛囊生长3个不同时期的COL1A1基因表达量及表达差异、表达部位进行了检测。结果表明,COL1A1基因在绒山羊次级毛囊的生长期(9月)表达量最高,退行期(12月)表达量其次,休止期(2月)表达量相对最低。COL1A1主要表达于次级毛囊的外根鞘。由此说明,COL1A1通过调控绒山羊次级毛囊生长从而促进绒毛的生长。
基金Supported by The Science and Technology Planning Projects of Guizhou Province and Zunyi City,No.QKHJCZK[2022]YB642,No.ZSKH·HZ(2022)344,No.gzwjkj2021-071,ZMC·YZ[2018]38,No.ZSKH·HZ[2021]58,and No.ZSKH·HZ[2021]60The General Project of Hubei Province and Jingmen City,No.2021YFYB074.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with obstructive jaundice caused by intrahepatic bile duct stones can be effectively managed by surgery.However,some patients may develop postope-rative complications,liver failure,and other life-threatening situations.Here,we report a patient with mutations in the uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltrans-ferase 1A1(UGT1A1)and bile salt export pump(adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 11,ABCB11)genes who presented multiple intrahe-patic bile duct stones and cholestasis,and the jaundice of the patient increased after partial hepatectomy.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital on October 23,2021,with a progressive exacerbation of jaundice,was found to have multiple intrahepatic bile duct stones with the diagnoses of obstructive jaundice and acute cholecystitis.Subsequently,the patient underwent left hepatectomy with biliary exploration,stone extraction,T-tube drainage,and cholecystectomy without developing any intraoperative complications.The patient had a dark urine color with worsening jaundice postoperatively and did not respond well to plasma exchange and other symptomatic and supportive treatments.Since the progressive increase in postoperative bilirubin could not be clinically explained with any potential reason,including,if not at all,viral infection,cholangitis,autoimmune liver disease,and other causes,the patient underwent whole-exon screening for any genetic diseases,which surprisingly identified UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations related to glucuronidation of indirect bilirubin as well as bile acid transport in hepatocytes,respectively.Thus,we hypothesized that postoperative refractory cholestasis might result from UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations and further recommended liver transplantation to the patient,who eventually declined it and died from liver failure six months later.CONCLUSION Surgery may aggravate cholestasis in patients with multiple intrahepatic bile duct stones and cholestasis associated with UGT1A1 and ABCB11 gene mutations.A liver transplant may be the best option if active medical treatment fails.
