针对高渗透可再生能源与电动公交车接入系统带来的弃风弃光及总用电负荷波动问题,提出了一种考虑电动公交车“车到网”(vehicle to grid,V2G)响应的区域综合能源系统两阶段优化调度方法。首先,考虑电动公交车运营计划,将电动公交车集群...针对高渗透可再生能源与电动公交车接入系统带来的弃风弃光及总用电负荷波动问题,提出了一种考虑电动公交车“车到网”(vehicle to grid,V2G)响应的区域综合能源系统两阶段优化调度方法。首先,考虑电动公交车运营计划,将电动公交车集群V2G响应嵌入到区域综合能源系统优化调度之中,形成以整个系统总运行成本最小为目标的第一阶段调度策略;然后,第二阶段调度模型在第一阶段优化结果的基础上,以系统中所有用电设备产生的总电负荷波动率最小为目标,进一步优化各设备调度计划和能源交互策略;最后,对比分析4种场景下电动公交车集群与各能源设备协调调度的结果,仿真表明所提模型能够提高区域综合能源系统的风光消纳能力和运行经济性,同时减小系统的总用电负荷波动,验证了该调度方法的有效性。展开更多
The abnormal expansion of G-rich hexanucleotide repeat,GGGGCC(G4C2),in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is known to be the prevailing genetic cause of two fatal degenerative neurological diseases,amyotrophi...The abnormal expansion of G-rich hexanucleotide repeat,GGGGCC(G4C2),in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is known to be the prevailing genetic cause of two fatal degenerative neurological diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD).It is well known that the DNA G4C2 repeat expansion with different lengths can form G-quadruplexes which affect gene transcription related to ALS/FTD,therefore it is crucial to understand DNA G4C2 G-quadruplex structures.Herein,by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,we examined DNA G-quadruplex structure adopted by two G4C2 hexanucleotide repeats with an inosine substitution at position 4,d(G4C2)2-I4.We show that d(G4C2)2-I4 folds into an eight-layer parallel tetrameric G-quadruplex containing two parallel dimeric G-quadruplexes stacking together through p-p interaction via 50-to-50 mode in solution.Each dimeric G-quadruplex unit involves two propeller loops composed of two cytosine bases.This result is consistent with the observation in the crystal structure of d(G4C2)2.Our work not only sheds light on the structural diversity of G-quadruplexes adopted by d(G4C2)n but also provides a structural basis for drug design in treatment of ALS and FTD.展开更多
文摘针对高渗透可再生能源与电动公交车接入系统带来的弃风弃光及总用电负荷波动问题,提出了一种考虑电动公交车“车到网”(vehicle to grid,V2G)响应的区域综合能源系统两阶段优化调度方法。首先,考虑电动公交车运营计划,将电动公交车集群V2G响应嵌入到区域综合能源系统优化调度之中,形成以整个系统总运行成本最小为目标的第一阶段调度策略;然后,第二阶段调度模型在第一阶段优化结果的基础上,以系统中所有用电设备产生的总电负荷波动率最小为目标,进一步优化各设备调度计划和能源交互策略;最后,对比分析4种场景下电动公交车集群与各能源设备协调调度的结果,仿真表明所提模型能够提高区域综合能源系统的风光消纳能力和运行经济性,同时减小系统的总用电负荷波动,验证了该调度方法的有效性。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China to C.L.(No.32071188)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation to C.L.(No.2020A1515010034)+1 种基金the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China to G.Z.(Project No.16103719,16101120,and 161011121,AoE/M-403-16,AOE/M-401/20)Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)to G.Z.(Project No.SMSEGL20SC01eH)and VPRDO19RD03-6.
文摘The abnormal expansion of G-rich hexanucleotide repeat,GGGGCC(G4C2),in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is known to be the prevailing genetic cause of two fatal degenerative neurological diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD).It is well known that the DNA G4C2 repeat expansion with different lengths can form G-quadruplexes which affect gene transcription related to ALS/FTD,therefore it is crucial to understand DNA G4C2 G-quadruplex structures.Herein,by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,we examined DNA G-quadruplex structure adopted by two G4C2 hexanucleotide repeats with an inosine substitution at position 4,d(G4C2)2-I4.We show that d(G4C2)2-I4 folds into an eight-layer parallel tetrameric G-quadruplex containing two parallel dimeric G-quadruplexes stacking together through p-p interaction via 50-to-50 mode in solution.Each dimeric G-quadruplex unit involves two propeller loops composed of two cytosine bases.This result is consistent with the observation in the crystal structure of d(G4C2)2.Our work not only sheds light on the structural diversity of G-quadruplexes adopted by d(G4C2)n but also provides a structural basis for drug design in treatment of ALS and FTD.
文摘目的本研究旨在建立一种实时荧光定量PCR方法,用于检测猕猴三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运蛋白G2(adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter protein G2,ABCG2)mRNA的基因转录水平。方法使用NCBI上GenBank数据库猕猴(Macaca mulatta)的ABCG2核苷酸序列号NM_001032919.1及内参GAPDH核苷酸序列号NM_001195426.1,借助Primer premier 5.0软件设计PCR引物。提取猕猴新鲜肾组织的总RNA,并反转录合成cDNA。接着,利用PCR引物进行实时荧光定量PCR扩增,并根据反应体系中荧光的变化情况定量分析ABCG2的mRNA相对表达水平。结果PCR产物测序结果显示,扩增的ABCG2和GAPDH核苷酸序列与NCBI上猕猴的序列同源性分别为90.91%和91.14%。ABCG2和GAPDH的扩增效率均达到80%~120%,实时荧光定量PCR标准曲线的熔解曲线为单峰,R2接近1。结论本研究建立的检测猕猴ABCG2 mRNA实时荧光定量检测方法,为研究高尿酸血症的发病机制以及新药开发奠定基础。
