Objective:To study the clinical outcomes of complete mesocolic excision(CME)for right-sided colon cancer using 3D(three-dimensional)laparoscopy compared to 2D(two-dimensional)laparoscopy.Methods:From January 2022 to D...Objective:To study the clinical outcomes of complete mesocolic excision(CME)for right-sided colon cancer using 3D(three-dimensional)laparoscopy compared to 2D(two-dimensional)laparoscopy.Methods:From January 2022 to December 2023,58 patients with right-sided colon cancer treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University were randomly divided into a 3D laparoscopy group(observation group)and a 2D laparoscopy group(control group),with 29 patients in each group.Intraoperative blood loss,postoperative time to first flatulence,length of hospital stay,and incidence of complications in both groups were recorded.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the time to first flatulence between the groups(P>0.05).However,there was a statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay(P<0.05)and the incidence of complications(P<0.05)between the two groups.Conclusion:3D laparoscopy for CME can reduce intraoperative blood loss,shorten hospital stay,and decrease postoperative complications,showing significant clinical advantages over traditional 2D laparoscopy.展开更多
光电化学(PEC)分解水是一种清洁可持续的获取氢燃料的方法,其中产氧半反应(OER)是制约整个水分解过程效率的关键步骤.因此,光阳极的性能是决定太阳能到氢能转化效率的关键因素.在各种水氧化光阳极材料中,赤铁矿(α-Fe_(2)O_(3))因具有...光电化学(PEC)分解水是一种清洁可持续的获取氢燃料的方法,其中产氧半反应(OER)是制约整个水分解过程效率的关键步骤.因此,光阳极的性能是决定太阳能到氢能转化效率的关键因素.在各种水氧化光阳极材料中,赤铁矿(α-Fe_(2)O_(3))因具有良好的化学稳定性、合适的带隙(~2.1 eV)、无毒、储量丰富等优点而成为最有前途的光阳极材料之一.然而,α-Fe_(2)O_(3)丰富的受体表面态和缓慢的水氧化动力学导致光生电荷复合严重,限制了其在光电化学中的实际应用.因此,有必要对α-Fe_(2)O_(3)进行表面工程设计以提高水氧化效率.本文提出了一种新方法,以金属有机框架(Ti-MOFs)为模板,在Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面煅烧合成TiO_(2)层,然后将富活性位点的ZIF-67加载在TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)上作为助催化剂,制备出具有较好光电化学性能的ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合光阳极.X射线衍射、高分辨透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱等表征结果证实成功合成了ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3).同时,氮气等温吸附脱附曲线和表面接触角测试结果表明,MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)为介孔材料.采用表面光伏技术、光致发光光谱、飞秒-瞬态吸收光谱和电化学阻抗谱分析,研究了光生电荷的分离和复合行为.结果表明,MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)不仅可以作为钝化层有效抑制了表面复合,还作为Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)的电子阻挡层,显著减少了电子向表面的流失,从而大大提高了Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面和体相的电荷分离效率.进一步的累积电荷量测试、电化学阻抗谱和Bode图分析显示,负载MOFs衍生TiO_(2)后,可以明显促进光生空穴向电解质的注入,其多孔结构也可以增加反应接触面积,这有利于光生电荷在固液界面传输.此外,理论计算结果表明,Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)水氧化速控步骤的能垒(ΔG=3.38 eV)明显高于TiO_(2)(ΔG=1.67 eV),说明OER更容易在TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面发生,这与其光电流密度结果一致.为进一步提高反应活性和加快水氧化动力学,负载助催化剂ZIF-67后,ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合光阳极实现了较好的光电化学性能,其在1.23 V vs.RHE时光电流密度高达4.04 mA cm^(‒2),是Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)的9.3倍,并且复合光阳极的入射光子电流转换效率和空穴注入效率分别达到93%(390 nm)和91%.综上所述,本研究通过MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)和ZIF-67助催化剂改性α-Fe_(2)O_(3)光阳极,显著提升了其光电化学水氧化性能.其中,MOFs衍生TiO_(2)不仅优化了电荷分离,还促进了光生空穴的注入,从而显著提高其光电化学水氧化性能.本研究为构筑高性能的有机-无机杂化光阳极提供了新思路.展开更多
Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Her...Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Here,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory mechanisms.We established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 hours.We found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with tranylcypromine.The noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with saline.These findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell loss.Additionally,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy pathway.Tranylcypromine treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)production.In conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing function.These findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing hair cell loss and noise-induced hearing loss.展开更多
Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has...Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.展开更多
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life ...Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of patients.To date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive dysfunction.The identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future research.To identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial fracture.The dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub gene.Therefore,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re surgery.Mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning tests.In addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),M2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western blotting.Treatment with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expression compared with vehicle treatment.Intraperitoneal administration of the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059 diminished the effects of recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1.Collectively,our findings suggest that recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 ameliorates surgery-induced cognitive decline by attenuating neuroinflammation via M2 microglial polarization in the hippocampus.Therefore,recombinant chitinase-3-like protein1 may have therapeutic potential fo r postoperative cognitive dysfunction.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2...Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2DM established through a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.TGP(5.1×10^(3) Da)was composed of mannose,glucosamine,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galactosamine,glucose,galactose,xylose,and fucose.It could significantly alleviate weight loss,reduce fasting blood glucose levels,reverse dyslipidemia,reduce liver damage from oxidative stress,and improve insulin sensitivity.RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that TGP could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway to regulate disorders in glucolipid metabolism and improve insulin resistance.TGP increased the abundance of Allobaculum,Akkermansia,and Bifidobacterium,restored the microbiota abundance in the intestinal tracts of mice with T2DM,and promoted short-chain fatty acid production.This study provides new insights into the antidiabetic effects of TGP and highlights its potential as a natural hypoglycemic nutraceutical.展开更多
Crystallineγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)@rGO core-shell nanostructures are synthesized in gram scale,which are accomplished by a facile sonochemical strategy under ambient condition.They are composed of uniformγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)nanosphe...Crystallineγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)@rGO core-shell nanostructures are synthesized in gram scale,which are accomplished by a facile sonochemical strategy under ambient condition.They are composed of uniformγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)nanospheres encapsulated by reduced graphene oxide(rGO)nanolayers,and their formation is mainly attributed to the existed opposite zeta potential between the Ga_(2)O_(3)and rGO.The as-constructed lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)based on as-fabricatedγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)@rGO nanostructures deliver an initial discharge capacity of 1000 mAh g^(-1)at 100 mA g^(-1)and reversible capacity of 600 mAh g^(-1)under 500 mA g^(-1)after 1000 cycles,respectively,which are remarkably higher than those of pristineγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)with a much reduced lifetime of 100 cycles and much lower capacity.Ex situ XRD and XPS analyses demonstrate that the reversible LIBs storage is dominant by a conversion reaction and alloying mechanism,where the discharged product of liquid metal Ga exhibits self-healing ability,thus preventing the destroy of electrodes.Additionally,the rGO shell could act robustly as conductive network of the electrode for significantly improved conductivity,endowing the efficient Li storage behaviors.This work might provide some insight on mass production of advanced electrode materials under mild condition for energy storage and conversion applications.展开更多
We previously demonstrated that inhibiting neural stem cells necroptosis enhances functional recovery after spinal cord injury.While exosomes are recognized as playing a pivotal role in neural stem cells exocrine func...We previously demonstrated that inhibiting neural stem cells necroptosis enhances functional recovery after spinal cord injury.While exosomes are recognized as playing a pivotal role in neural stem cells exocrine function,their precise function in spinal cord injury remains unclear.To investigate the role of exosomes generated following neural stem cells necroptosis after spinal cord injury,we conducted singlecell RNA sequencing and validated that neural stem cells originate from ependymal cells and undergo necroptosis in response to spinal cord injury.Subsequently,we established an in vitro necroptosis model using neural stem cells isolated from embryonic mice aged 16-17 days and extracted exosomes.The results showed that necroptosis did not significantly impact the fundamental characteristics or number of exosomes.Transcriptome sequencing of exosomes in necroptosis group identified 108 differentially expressed messenger RNAs,104 long non-coding RNAs,720 circular RNAs,and 14 microRNAs compared with the control group.Construction of a competing endogenous RNA network identified the following hub genes:tuberous sclerosis 2(Tsc2),solute carrier family 16 member 3(Slc16a3),and forkhead box protein P1(Foxp1).Notably,a significant elevation in TSC2 expression was observed in spinal cord tissues following spinal cord injury.TSC2-positive cells were localized around SRY-box transcription factor 2-positive cells within the injury zone.Furthermore,in vitro analysis revealed increased TSC2 expression in exosomal receptor cells compared with other cells.Further assessment of cellular communication following spinal cord injury showed that Tsc2 was involved in ependymal cellular communication at 1 and 3 days post-injury through the epidermal growth factor and midkine signaling pathways.In addition,Slc16a3 participated in cellular communication in ependymal cells at 7 days post-injury via the vascular endothelial growth factor and macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathways.Collectively,these findings confirm that exosomes derived from neural stem cells undergoing necroptosis play an important role in cellular communication after spinal cord injury and induce TSC2 upregulation in recipient cells.展开更多
To reduce the production cost of titanium,a new method for direct preparation of low-oxygen titanium powder by the magnesiothermic reduction of TiO_(2) with the assistance of a MgCl_(2)−HoCl_(3) molten salt was propos...To reduce the production cost of titanium,a new method for direct preparation of low-oxygen titanium powder by the magnesiothermic reduction of TiO_(2) with the assistance of a MgCl_(2)−HoCl_(3) molten salt was proposed.Thermodynamic calculations showed that the magnesiothermic reduction of TiO_(2) was feasible.However,hindrance of the reduction reaction by the reduction by-product of MgO resulted in a considerably high O concentration in the titanium powder.The addition of HoCl_(3) to the system significantly reduces the activity of MgO to produce low-oxygen titanium powder.Thermochemical deoxidation and reduction experiments were conducted with MgCl_(2)−HoCl_(3) molten salt in the temperature range of 1023−1273 K.The results showed that titanium powder with oxygen concentration(mass fraction)below 5.00×10^(-4) can be prepared at the Mg−MgCl_(2)−HoOCl−HoCl_(3) equilibrium.展开更多
Coal pyrolysis integrated with dry reforming of low-carbon alkane(CP-DRA)is an effective way to improve tar yield.Ni/La_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)with a La/Zr ratio of 4 was a good catalyst for DRA to inhibit carbon deposition ...Coal pyrolysis integrated with dry reforming of low-carbon alkane(CP-DRA)is an effective way to improve tar yield.Ni/La_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)with a La/Zr ratio of 4 was a good catalyst for DRA to inhibit carbon deposition and obtain high tar yield in CP-DRA.In this study,the fraction distribution and component of tars from CP-DRA and coal pyrolysis in N_(2)atmosphere(CP-N_(2))were characterized by using several methods to understand the effect of DRA on coal pyrolysis.The isotope trace method was also used to discuss the role of low-carbon alkane in CP-DRA.The results showed that the tar from CP-N_(2)is mainly composed of aliphatic compounds with more C_(al),H_(al)and CH+CH_(2),and the tar from CP-DRA contains more Car,Har,and CH_(3),and has lower weight-average molecular weight and more light tar content than CP-N_(2).A small amount of C2H6 addition in CP-DRA will raise the ratio of H_(β)and CH+CH_(2).Electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)analysis shows that the tar from CP-DRA has a higher radical concentration while the corresponding char has a lower radical concentration.The isotope trace experiment showed that alkanes provide·H,·CH_(3),etc.to stabilize the radicals from coal pyrolysis and result in more alkyl aromatic compounds during CP-DRA.展开更多
文摘Objective:To study the clinical outcomes of complete mesocolic excision(CME)for right-sided colon cancer using 3D(three-dimensional)laparoscopy compared to 2D(two-dimensional)laparoscopy.Methods:From January 2022 to December 2023,58 patients with right-sided colon cancer treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University were randomly divided into a 3D laparoscopy group(observation group)and a 2D laparoscopy group(control group),with 29 patients in each group.Intraoperative blood loss,postoperative time to first flatulence,length of hospital stay,and incidence of complications in both groups were recorded.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the time to first flatulence between the groups(P>0.05).However,there was a statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay(P<0.05)and the incidence of complications(P<0.05)between the two groups.Conclusion:3D laparoscopy for CME can reduce intraoperative blood loss,shorten hospital stay,and decrease postoperative complications,showing significant clinical advantages over traditional 2D laparoscopy.
文摘光电化学(PEC)分解水是一种清洁可持续的获取氢燃料的方法,其中产氧半反应(OER)是制约整个水分解过程效率的关键步骤.因此,光阳极的性能是决定太阳能到氢能转化效率的关键因素.在各种水氧化光阳极材料中,赤铁矿(α-Fe_(2)O_(3))因具有良好的化学稳定性、合适的带隙(~2.1 eV)、无毒、储量丰富等优点而成为最有前途的光阳极材料之一.然而,α-Fe_(2)O_(3)丰富的受体表面态和缓慢的水氧化动力学导致光生电荷复合严重,限制了其在光电化学中的实际应用.因此,有必要对α-Fe_(2)O_(3)进行表面工程设计以提高水氧化效率.本文提出了一种新方法,以金属有机框架(Ti-MOFs)为模板,在Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面煅烧合成TiO_(2)层,然后将富活性位点的ZIF-67加载在TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)上作为助催化剂,制备出具有较好光电化学性能的ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合光阳极.X射线衍射、高分辨透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱等表征结果证实成功合成了ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3).同时,氮气等温吸附脱附曲线和表面接触角测试结果表明,MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)为介孔材料.采用表面光伏技术、光致发光光谱、飞秒-瞬态吸收光谱和电化学阻抗谱分析,研究了光生电荷的分离和复合行为.结果表明,MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)不仅可以作为钝化层有效抑制了表面复合,还作为Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)的电子阻挡层,显著减少了电子向表面的流失,从而大大提高了Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面和体相的电荷分离效率.进一步的累积电荷量测试、电化学阻抗谱和Bode图分析显示,负载MOFs衍生TiO_(2)后,可以明显促进光生空穴向电解质的注入,其多孔结构也可以增加反应接触面积,这有利于光生电荷在固液界面传输.此外,理论计算结果表明,Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)水氧化速控步骤的能垒(ΔG=3.38 eV)明显高于TiO_(2)(ΔG=1.67 eV),说明OER更容易在TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)表面发生,这与其光电流密度结果一致.为进一步提高反应活性和加快水氧化动力学,负载助催化剂ZIF-67后,ZIF-67/TiO_(2)/Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合光阳极实现了较好的光电化学性能,其在1.23 V vs.RHE时光电流密度高达4.04 mA cm^(‒2),是Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)的9.3倍,并且复合光阳极的入射光子电流转换效率和空穴注入效率分别达到93%(390 nm)和91%.综上所述,本研究通过MOFs衍生的TiO_(2)和ZIF-67助催化剂改性α-Fe_(2)O_(3)光阳极,显著提升了其光电化学水氧化性能.其中,MOFs衍生TiO_(2)不仅优化了电荷分离,还促进了光生空穴的注入,从而显著提高其光电化学水氧化性能.本研究为构筑高性能的有机-无机杂化光阳极提供了新思路.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC2402701(to WC)Key International(Regional)Joint Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81820108009(to SY)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81970890(to WC)and 82371148(to WG)Fujian Provincial Healthcare Young and Middle-aged Backbone Talent Training Project,No.2023GGA035(to XC)Spring City Planthe High-level Talent Promotion and Training Project of Kunming,No.2022SCP001(to SY)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province of China,No.824MS052(to XS)the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Innovation Cultivation,No.CXPY202116(to LX)。
文摘Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Here,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory mechanisms.We established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 hours.We found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with tranylcypromine.The noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with saline.These findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell loss.Additionally,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy pathway.Tranylcypromine treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)production.In conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing function.These findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing hair cell loss and noise-induced hearing loss.
基金funded by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Project(PID2020-119729GB-100,REF/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)(to EP)a predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Universities(FPU)and Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra(to NSS)“Programa MRR Investigo 2023”(to MGB and MMD)。
文摘Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81730033,82171193(to XG)the Key Talent Project for Strengthening Health during the 13^(th)Five-Year Plan Period,No.ZDRCA2016069(to XG)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC2001901(to XG)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline,No.ZDXK202232(to XG)。
文摘Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of patients.To date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive dysfunction.The identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future research.To identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial fracture.The dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub gene.Therefore,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re surgery.Mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning tests.In addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),M2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western blotting.Treatment with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expression compared with vehicle treatment.Intraperitoneal administration of the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059 diminished the effects of recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1.Collectively,our findings suggest that recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 ameliorates surgery-induced cognitive decline by attenuating neuroinflammation via M2 microglial polarization in the hippocampus.Therefore,recombinant chitinase-3-like protein1 may have therapeutic potential fo r postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD0900902)Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project(LGJ21C20001)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Project of China(2019C02076 and 2019C02075)。
文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2DM established through a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.TGP(5.1×10^(3) Da)was composed of mannose,glucosamine,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galactosamine,glucose,galactose,xylose,and fucose.It could significantly alleviate weight loss,reduce fasting blood glucose levels,reverse dyslipidemia,reduce liver damage from oxidative stress,and improve insulin sensitivity.RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that TGP could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway to regulate disorders in glucolipid metabolism and improve insulin resistance.TGP increased the abundance of Allobaculum,Akkermansia,and Bifidobacterium,restored the microbiota abundance in the intestinal tracts of mice with T2DM,and promoted short-chain fatty acid production.This study provides new insights into the antidiabetic effects of TGP and highlights its potential as a natural hypoglycemic nutraceutical.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.51972178)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(2022J139)Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Introduction Programme(2022A-227-G)
文摘Crystallineγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)@rGO core-shell nanostructures are synthesized in gram scale,which are accomplished by a facile sonochemical strategy under ambient condition.They are composed of uniformγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)nanospheres encapsulated by reduced graphene oxide(rGO)nanolayers,and their formation is mainly attributed to the existed opposite zeta potential between the Ga_(2)O_(3)and rGO.The as-constructed lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)based on as-fabricatedγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)@rGO nanostructures deliver an initial discharge capacity of 1000 mAh g^(-1)at 100 mA g^(-1)and reversible capacity of 600 mAh g^(-1)under 500 mA g^(-1)after 1000 cycles,respectively,which are remarkably higher than those of pristineγ-Ga_(2)O_(3)with a much reduced lifetime of 100 cycles and much lower capacity.Ex situ XRD and XPS analyses demonstrate that the reversible LIBs storage is dominant by a conversion reaction and alloying mechanism,where the discharged product of liquid metal Ga exhibits self-healing ability,thus preventing the destroy of electrodes.Additionally,the rGO shell could act robustly as conductive network of the electrode for significantly improved conductivity,endowing the efficient Li storage behaviors.This work might provide some insight on mass production of advanced electrode materials under mild condition for energy storage and conversion applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81801907(to NC)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Bone Tissue Repair and Translational Research,No.ZDSYS20230626091402006(to NC)+2 种基金Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZSM201911002(to SL)Foundation of Shenzhen Committee for Science and Technology Innovation,Nos.JCYJ20230807110310021(to NC),JCYJ20230807110259002(to JL)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,No.2024A04J4716(to TL)。
文摘We previously demonstrated that inhibiting neural stem cells necroptosis enhances functional recovery after spinal cord injury.While exosomes are recognized as playing a pivotal role in neural stem cells exocrine function,their precise function in spinal cord injury remains unclear.To investigate the role of exosomes generated following neural stem cells necroptosis after spinal cord injury,we conducted singlecell RNA sequencing and validated that neural stem cells originate from ependymal cells and undergo necroptosis in response to spinal cord injury.Subsequently,we established an in vitro necroptosis model using neural stem cells isolated from embryonic mice aged 16-17 days and extracted exosomes.The results showed that necroptosis did not significantly impact the fundamental characteristics or number of exosomes.Transcriptome sequencing of exosomes in necroptosis group identified 108 differentially expressed messenger RNAs,104 long non-coding RNAs,720 circular RNAs,and 14 microRNAs compared with the control group.Construction of a competing endogenous RNA network identified the following hub genes:tuberous sclerosis 2(Tsc2),solute carrier family 16 member 3(Slc16a3),and forkhead box protein P1(Foxp1).Notably,a significant elevation in TSC2 expression was observed in spinal cord tissues following spinal cord injury.TSC2-positive cells were localized around SRY-box transcription factor 2-positive cells within the injury zone.Furthermore,in vitro analysis revealed increased TSC2 expression in exosomal receptor cells compared with other cells.Further assessment of cellular communication following spinal cord injury showed that Tsc2 was involved in ependymal cellular communication at 1 and 3 days post-injury through the epidermal growth factor and midkine signaling pathways.In addition,Slc16a3 participated in cellular communication in ependymal cells at 7 days post-injury via the vascular endothelial growth factor and macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathways.Collectively,these findings confirm that exosomes derived from neural stem cells undergoing necroptosis play an important role in cellular communication after spinal cord injury and induce TSC2 upregulation in recipient cells.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21968013)。
文摘To reduce the production cost of titanium,a new method for direct preparation of low-oxygen titanium powder by the magnesiothermic reduction of TiO_(2) with the assistance of a MgCl_(2)−HoCl_(3) molten salt was proposed.Thermodynamic calculations showed that the magnesiothermic reduction of TiO_(2) was feasible.However,hindrance of the reduction reaction by the reduction by-product of MgO resulted in a considerably high O concentration in the titanium powder.The addition of HoCl_(3) to the system significantly reduces the activity of MgO to produce low-oxygen titanium powder.Thermochemical deoxidation and reduction experiments were conducted with MgCl_(2)−HoCl_(3) molten salt in the temperature range of 1023−1273 K.The results showed that titanium powder with oxygen concentration(mass fraction)below 5.00×10^(-4) can be prepared at the Mg−MgCl_(2)−HoOCl−HoCl_(3) equilibrium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21576046)the Innovation Team Support Program in Key Areas of the Dalian Science and Technology Bureau(2019RT10).
文摘Coal pyrolysis integrated with dry reforming of low-carbon alkane(CP-DRA)is an effective way to improve tar yield.Ni/La_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)with a La/Zr ratio of 4 was a good catalyst for DRA to inhibit carbon deposition and obtain high tar yield in CP-DRA.In this study,the fraction distribution and component of tars from CP-DRA and coal pyrolysis in N_(2)atmosphere(CP-N_(2))were characterized by using several methods to understand the effect of DRA on coal pyrolysis.The isotope trace method was also used to discuss the role of low-carbon alkane in CP-DRA.The results showed that the tar from CP-N_(2)is mainly composed of aliphatic compounds with more C_(al),H_(al)and CH+CH_(2),and the tar from CP-DRA contains more Car,Har,and CH_(3),and has lower weight-average molecular weight and more light tar content than CP-N_(2).A small amount of C2H6 addition in CP-DRA will raise the ratio of H_(β)and CH+CH_(2).Electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)analysis shows that the tar from CP-DRA has a higher radical concentration while the corresponding char has a lower radical concentration.The isotope trace experiment showed that alkanes provide·H,·CH_(3),etc.to stabilize the radicals from coal pyrolysis and result in more alkyl aromatic compounds during CP-DRA.
