Transmission ratio (T_n) in the radian direction normal to joints in 2-D compressional wave propagation in rock masses

The transmission ratio along the radian direction normal to the joints was studied in the Universal Distinct Element Code （UDEC）. The variation of the transmission ratio with the ratio of joint spacing to wavelength was generalized into a general curve, which was determined by two critical points. The relationship between the two critical points and the affecting factors, quantity of joints and the normalized normal stiffness of joints, were obtained. A prediction model of the transmission ratio in the radian direction normal to the joints was proposed. The proposed model was applied to a field explosion test. The estimated values of the peak particle velocity from the prediction model were compared with the field records. The comparisons showed that the prediction model of the transmission ratio in the direction normal to the joints in the process of 2-D compressional wave propagation through multiple parallel joints is reliable.

一种基于三角数分解的可配置2-D卷积器优化方法

多尺寸2-D卷积通过特征提取在检测、分类等计算机视觉任务中发挥着重要作用。然而,目前缺少一种高效的可配置2-D卷积器设计方法,这限制了卷积神经网络(CNN)模型在边缘端的部署和应用。该文基于乘法管理以及奇平方数的三角数分解方法,提出一种高性能、高适应性的卷积核尺寸可配置的2-D卷积器。所提2-D卷积器包含一定数量的处理单元(PE)以及相应的控制单元,前者负责运算任务,后者负责管理乘法运算的组合,二者结合以实现不同尺寸的卷积。具体地,首先根据应用场景确定一个奇数列表,列表中为2-D卷积器所支持的尺寸,并利用三角数分解得到对应的三角数列表;其次,根据三角数列表和计算需求,确定PE的总数量;最后,基于以小凑大的方法,确定PE的互连方式,完成电路设计。该可配置2-D卷积器通过Verilog硬件描述语言(HDL)设计实现,由Vivado 2 022.2在XCZU7EG板卡上进行仿真和分析。实验结果表明,相比同类方法,该文所提可配置2-D卷积器,乘法资源利用率得到显著提升,由20%~50%提升至89%,并以514个逻辑单元实现1 500 MB/s的吞吐率,具有广泛的适用性。

基于二萘并[2,3-B∶2′,3′-D]呋喃基团的高效窄发射蓝光OLED器件

高效率窄光谱蓝色有机电致发光器件(OLED)是柔性显示领域的研究重点之一。本文以二萘并[2,3-B∶2′,3′-D]呋喃为弱电子受体、N-(4-联苯基)-1-萘胺作为电子给体设计合成了一种D-A-D型蓝光分子DPF-NA,其在正己烷溶液中的发射峰位于441 nm。理论计算与光物理测试结果显示DPF-NA具有杂化局域电荷转移激发态(HLCT)特性,兼具局域态(LE)高发光效率与电荷转移态(CT)高激子利用率特征,在二氯甲烷溶液中的光致发光量子效率(PLQY)为81.2%。基于质量分数3%DPF-NA掺杂浓度的OLED器件电致发光(EL)峰位于455 nm,半峰宽(FWHM)仅为26 nm,CIE(x,y)坐标为(0.14,0.08),最大外量子效率(EQEmax)为6.76%。

New 4-imino-4H-Chromeno[2,3-d]Pyrimidin-3(5H)-Amine: Synthesis, Cytotoxic Effects on Tumoral Cell Lines and in Silico ADMET Properties

The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.

2-D Modeling and Calculations of Stratospheric Ozone and Influences of Convection, Diffusion, and Time

An engineering system approach of 2-D cylindrical model of transient mass balance calculations of ozone and other concerned chemicals along with fourteen photolysis, ozone-generating and ozone-depleting chemical reaction equations was developed, validated, and used for studying the ozone concentrations, distribution and peak of the layer, ozone depletion and total ozone abundance in the stratosphere. The calculated ozone concentrations and profile at both the Equator and a 60˚N location were found to follow closely with the measured data. The calculated average ozone concentration was within 1% of the measured average, and the deviation of ozone profiles was within 14%. The monthly evolution of stratospheric ozone concentrations and distribution above the Equator was studied with results discussed in details. The influences of slow air movement in both altitudinal and radial directions on ozone concentrations and profile in the stratosphere were explored and discussed. Parametric studies of the influences of gas diffusivities of ozone DO3 and active atomic oxygen DO on ozone concentrations and distributions were also studied and delineated. Having both influences through physical diffusion and chemical reactions, the diffusivity (and diffusion) of atomic oxygen DO was found to be more sensitive and important than that of ozone DO3 on ozone concentrations and distribution. The 2-D ozone model present in this paper for stratospheric ozone and its layer and depletion is shown to be robust, convenient, efficient, and executable for analyzing the complex ozone phenomena in the stratosphere. .

Three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography combined with high resolution T2-weighted imaging in preoperative evaluation of microvascular decompression

BACKGROUND Neurovascular compression(NVC) is the main cause of primary trigeminal neuralgia(TN) and hemifacial spasm(HFS). Microvascular decompression(MVD) is an effective surgical method for the treatment of TN and HFS caused by NVC. The judgement of NVC is a critical step in the preoperative evaluation of MVD, which is related to the effect of MVD treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) technology has been used to detect NVC prior to MVD for several years. Among many MRI sequences, three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography(3D TOF MRA) is the most widely used. However, 3D TOF MRA has some shortcomings in detecting NVC. Therefore, 3D TOF MRA combined with high resolution T2-weighted imaging(HR T2WI) is considered to be a more effective method to detect NVC.AIM To determine the value of 3D TOF MRA combined with HR T2WI in the judgment of NVC, and thus to assess its value in the preoperative evaluation of MVD.METHODS Related studies published from inception to September 2022 based on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved. Studies that investigated 3D TOF MRA combined with HR T2WI to judge NVC in patients with TN or HFS were included according to the inclusion criteria. Studies without complete data or not relevant to the research topics were excluded. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist was used to assess the quality of included studies. The publication bias of the included literature was examined by Deeks’ test. An exact binomial rendition of the bivariate mixed-effects regression model was used to synthesize data. Data analysis was performed using the MIDAS module of statistical software Stata 16.0. Two independent investigators extracted patient and study characteristics, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Individual and pooled sensitivities and specificities were calculated. The I_(2) statistic and Q test were used to test heterogeneity. The study was registered on the website of PROSERO(registration No. CRD42022357158).RESULTS Our search identified 595 articles, of which 12(including 855 patients) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of 3D TOF MRA combined with HR T2WI for detecting NVC were 0.96 [95% confidence interval(CI): 0.92-0.98] and 0.92(95%CI: 0.74-0.98), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio was 12.4(95%CI: 3.2-47.8), pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.04(95%CI: 0.02-0.09), and pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 283(95%CI: 50-1620). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.98(95%CI: 0.97-0.99). The studies showed no substantial heterogeneity(I2 = 0, Q = 0.001 P = 0.50).CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 3D TOF MRA combined with HR T2WI has excellent sensitivity and specificity for judging NVC in patients with TN or HFS. This method can be used as an effective tool for preoperative evaluation of MVD.

煤吸附CO_(2)压缩因子快速计算模型研究

为研究Virial、V-d-W、R-K、S-R-K、P-R、童景山等6种工程常用气体状态方程中适合煤吸附CO_(2)压缩因子最优方程及快速计算模型,以3种不同变质程度煤样为研究对象,采用容量法实测了试验温度为30℃时应用以上6种方程所得煤的CO_(2)吸附量、CO_(2)吸附常数及吸附等温线。研究表明:与美国国家标准技术研究所(NIST)提供的CO_(2)压缩因子相比,采用Virial状态方程得到的CO_(2)压缩因子最大、绝对误差最小,为0.38%;吸附等温线拟合优度最高,CO_(2)吸附常数a值绝对值误差最小,确定出煤吸附CO_(2)压缩因子最优方程为Virial方程;同时,提出试验温度为30℃时,CO_(2)压缩因子一种简便快捷计算模型,经检验,该模型相对美国标准计算所得CO_(2)吸附常数a值绝对值误差最大不超过1%,且操作简便,快速精确。

纳米TiO_(2)混凝土抗碳化性能的试验研究

纳米TiO_(2)以同等质量代替水泥(0、1%、3%、5%)掺入混凝土中,对纳米TiO_(2)混凝土进行抗压试验和碳化试验,研究了纳米TiO_(2)的掺量对混凝土抗压强度和碳化深度的影响,建立了考虑纳米TiO_(2)掺量和碳化龄期的混凝土碳化深度模型。结果显示:掺入适量的纳米TiO_(2)对混凝土的抗压强度和碳化性能的改善有很好的促进作用,且随着纳米TiO_(2)掺入量的增加对两者的促进作用呈现先升高后降低的趋势,纳米TiO_(2)掺量为1%时对混凝土性能促进作用最好。通过引入纳米TiO_(2)对混凝土碳化深度的影响系数,改进碳化深度模型。模型预测数据和试验数据吻合度较高,可应用于纳米TiO_(2)混凝土碳化深度的预测。

纳米SiO_(2)增强高强套筒灌浆料及高温后性能试验研究

研究了常温下不同纳米SiO_(2)(NS)掺量(0、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%、1.6%、2.0%)对高强套筒灌浆料流动度和强度的影响,以及不同高温温度(150、200、250℃)下NS掺量对高强套筒灌浆料质量损失和强度的影响,并进行了微观机理分析。结果表明:常温下,NS的掺入降低了灌浆料的流动度,灌浆料的强度随NS掺量的增加先增大后降低;高温后,灌浆料的质量损失率随温度的升高逐渐增大,抗折强度逐渐降低,抗压强度先增大后降低;NS的掺入能够降低灌浆料的质量损失率和抗折强度损失率,提高抗压强度,且随着NS掺量的增加,质量损失率和抗折强度损失率先降低后增大;NS能够改善灌浆料的内部孔结构;随着温度的升高,灌浆料的内部结构先密实后疏松。

Fe_(2)O_(3)对高硅碱性球团固结性能的影响

深入研究Fe_(2)O_(3)对于高硅碱性球团生球以及成品球性能的影响,有助于促进基于我国铁矿资源特征的低碳炼铁技术发展。本文通过调整碱性球团用混合料中Fe_(2)O_(3)的含量,解析Fe_(2)O_(3)对高硅碱性球团生球、预热球和成品球性能的影响规律,并采用扫描电镜以及图像识别处理系统表征高硅碱性球团的微观矿相结构。结果表明:随着混匀矿中赤铁矿配比的提高,高硅碱性球团生球、预热球和成品球的抗压强度均有所降低,随着Fe_(2)O_(3)配比的升高,成球性能劣化,生球的抗压强度降低至9.04 N/P。赤铁矿连晶固结性能变差,成品球的强度降低至3433 N/P。当两种矿粉的配比为50%时,球团孔隙率急剧增大为32.8%,A矿粉配比不宜超过40%。微观矿相结果表明,随着Fe_(2)O_(3)含量的增加,球团内部小颗粒尺寸晶粒变多,大颗粒尺寸晶粒减少,平均颗粒面积减少,晶粒间连晶性能变差,固结性能削弱,内部孔隙率提高。在制备高硅碱性球团时,含Fe_(2)O_(3)的精矿粉配加不宜太高,会对球团矿的固结性能产生不利影响。

Meso-damage evolution and mechanical characteristics of low-porosity sedimentary rocks under uniaxial compression

Low pore sedimentary rocks(from Guangxi, China) were subjected to uniaxial compression loading experiment under different initial stresses. The rock samples were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance before and after the loading. The relationships between the mesoscopic rock damage and macroscopic mechanical parameters were established, and the initial damage stress of the low-porosity sedimentary rock was determined. The results showed that this type of rock has the initial stress of damage. When the initial loading stress is lower than the initial stress of damage, the T2 spectrum area of the rock sample gradually decreases, and the primary pores of the rock are further closed under the stress. The range of the initial stress of damage for this type of rock is 8-16 MPa. When the loading stress exceeds the initial stress of damage, the T2 spectrum area gradually increases, indicating that the porosity of the rock increases and microscopic damage of the rock appears. The rock damage degree is defined, and the nonlinear function between the rock damage degree and the initial loading stress is established.

纳米SiO_(2)强化再生混凝土力学性能的试验研究

为了提升再生骨料的性能品质,采用不同质量分数的纳米SiO_(2)和强化时间对再生骨料浸渍强化。强化前后再生骨料分别制备再生混凝土,进行单轴受压试验,借助刚性辅助架增加加载系统刚度,成功采集到再生混凝土受压应力应变曲线下降段。对试验曲线进行无量纲化处理,理论分析不同形式应力应变曲线方程式的几何特征,通过理论方程与试验曲线的拟合对比,优选适合于再生混凝土单轴受压本构关系的函数模型。通过强化前后骨料性能变化得出:纳米SiO_(2)质量分数为2%、强化48h时再生骨料性能改善效果最佳。分析试验应力应变曲线可知,曲线上升段重合度高,下降段因再生骨料取代率的不同有一定离散性,纳米SiO_(2)可使水胶比为0.5的再生混凝土峰值应力提高13.1%~24.0%,弹性模量平均提高44.5%;水胶比为0.35试验组提高幅度因再生骨料取代率的不同差异性较大。得出过镇海提出的分段函数满足典型曲线的全部几何特征,并且与试验曲线的拟合度较高,拟合得到函数参数,进而得到本构关系方程式。

Microstructure and compression properties of fine Al2O3 particles dispersion strengthened molybdenum alloy

The Mo alloys reinforced by Al2O3 particles were fabricated by hydrothermal synthesis and powder metallurgy. The microstructures of Mo-Al2O3 alloys were studied by using XRD, SEM and TEM. The results show that Al2O3 particles, existing as a stable hexagonal phase(α-Al2O3), are uniformly dispersed in Mo matrix. The ultrafine α-Al2O3 particles remarkably refine grain size and increase dislocation density of Mo alloys. Moreover, a good interfacial bonding zone between α-Al2O3 and Mo grain is obtained. The crystallographic orientations of the interface of the Al2O3 particles and Mo matrix are [111]a-Al2O3//[111]Mo and(112)a-Al2O3//(0 11)Mo. Due to the effect of secondary phase and dislocation strengthening, the yield strength of Mo-2.0 vol.%Al2O3 alloy annealed at 1200 ℃ is approximately 56.0% higher than that of pure Mo. The results confirm that the addition of Al2O3 particles is a promising method to improve the mechanical properties of Mo alloys.

一种高速2-D滑动FFT的设计实现

文章介绍了采用2-D快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform,FFT)算法的滑动窗FFT的基本特性原理和硬件实现过程,完成了窗长256点、步长16点的2-D滑动窗FFT的专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)设计。传统FFT算法受序列完整性的制约,时滞较大,无法满足某些高实时性信号分析领域的处理速度要求。该文采用滑动FFT算法,克服了传统FFT对序列完整性的依赖,设计的滑动FFT处理器使用2-D FFT压缩新序列计算时间,以基16蝶形运算器为核心,采用系数复用和高基Booth方法优化系数编码技术压缩乘法器的数量,减少电路面积。所设计的2-D滑动FFT完成单次滑动窗长的计算时间比传统算法节约了16.1%,变换结果与MATLAB的运算结果相比,信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)大于130 dB。在TSMC 28 nm的工艺下,工作主频为600 MHz,面积为1980μm×2060μm。

大麻素2型受体在加速正畸牙移动中的作用

目的 探讨大麻素2型受体(CB2)在正畸过程中对小鼠正畸牙移动(OTM)速率和压力侧牙周组织改建的作用。方法 筛选CB2^(-/-)和同窝WT型各30只雄性小鼠,6周龄时建立牙齿移动模型,建模时间分别为0、3、7、14、21 d(n=6)后取材,经体视显微镜测量牙移动距离;HE染色观察根压力区牙周组织变化;TRAP染色统计根压力区破骨细胞数量;免疫组织化学染色观察根压力区基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)阳性单核细胞和多核细胞的数量变化。结果 正畸牙移动距离测量结果显示,在21 d内,随着时间延长,牙齿移动距离逐渐增加,且3、7、14、21 d时CB2^(-/-)组牙齿移动距离均较WT小鼠增加;HE染色显示OTM第14天时CB2^(-/-)小鼠压力区牙周膜间隙宽度大于WT小鼠(P<0.000 1);TRAP染色显示14 d时,在第一磨牙远中根压力区硬骨板处,CB2^(-/-)小鼠的破骨细胞数量大于WT小鼠(P<0.001);MMP-9免疫组织化学染色显示OTM 14 d时,在压力区牙周膜区域,CB2^(-/-)小鼠的MMP-9(+)单核细胞和MMP-9(+)多核细胞数量均大于WT小鼠(P<0.05)。结论 CB2可加速正畸力作用下牙齿移动速率。CB2缺失加速正畸牙移动是通过加速牙移动过程中压力侧骨吸收实现的。

溶胶型纳米SiO_(2)和减水剂对粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物性能的影响

地聚物是一种有望替代普通硅酸盐水泥以降低土木工程行业碳排放的新型绿色环保胶凝材料。然而,粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物存在流动性差、干燥收缩大等问题,限制了其在工程领域的进一步推广应用。因此,通过试验研究了复掺减水剂和溶胶型纳米SiO_(2)对粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物工作性能、干燥收缩和抗压强度的影响,并分析了相关机理。试验结果表明,对于粉煤灰-矿渣质量比为7∶3的体系,与未掺加溶胶型纳米SiO_(2)和减水剂的粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物相比,当溶胶型纳米SiO_(2)和减水剂掺量分别为0.2%和1.0%时,粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物流动度从176 mm增大至198 mm,27 d干燥收缩降低了31.2%,3、7、28 d抗压强度分别提高了52.2%、24.5%、32.3%;溶胶型纳米SiO_(2)和减水剂复掺增加了参与反应的活性硅源,形成了更多的N-A-S-H和C-(A)-S-H凝胶产物,使得硬化后材料的结构更加致密。该研究可为粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物的进一步研究和应用提供参考。

New Ecg Signal Compression Model Based on Set Theory Applied to Images

Cardiovascular diseases are the origin of many causes of death worldwide. They impose on practitioners optimal diagnostic methods such as telemedicine in order to be able to quickly detect anomalies for daily care and monitoring of patients. The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an examination that can detect abnormal functioning of the heart and generates a large number of digital data which can be stored or transmitted for further analysis. For storage or transmission purposes, one of the challenges is to reduce the space occupied by ECG signal and for that, it is important to offer more and more efficient algorithms capable of achieving high compression rates, while offering a good quality of reconstruction in a relatively short time. We propose in this paper a new ECG compression scheme that is based on a subset of signal splitting and 2D processing, the wavelet transform (DWT) and SPIHT coding which has proved their worth in the field of signal processing and compression. They are exploited for decorrelation and coding of the signal. The results obtained are significant and offer many perspectives.

2-D distributed pose estimation of multi-agent systems using bearing measurements

This article studies distributed pose(orientation and position)estimation of leader–follower multi-agent systems over𝜅-layer graphs in 2-D plane.Only the leaders have access to their orientations and positions,while the followers can measure the relative bearings or(angular and linear)velocities in their unknown local coordinate frames.For the orientation estimation,the local relative bearings are used to obtain the relative orientations among the agents,based on which a distributed orientation estimation algorithm is proposed for each follower to estimate its orientation.For the position estimation,the local relative bearings are used to obtain the position constraints among the agents,and a distributed position estimation algorithm is proposed for each follower to estimate its position by solving its position constraints.Both the orientation and position estimation errors converge to zero asymptotically.A simulation example is given to verify the theoretical results.

具有执行器饱和的切换2-D系统事件触发控制

针对具有执行器饱和的切换2-D连续离散系统,提出了一种基于多Lyapunov函数法的事件触发控制方案;为了减少通信资源浪费和执行器的损耗,提出了一种事件触发机制;该触发机制考虑了执行器饱和特性,只有当执行器未饱和,且满足事件触发条件时,控制器才会更新;利用凸组合技术和多Lyapunov函数法,提出了一种状态依赖的切换信号与状态反馈控制器的设计方法,并对闭环系统的指数稳定性进行了分析,利用线性矩阵不等式技术导出了控制器增益矩阵存在的充分条件;利用Darboux方程的仿真算例验证了所提出的事件触发控制方案的有效性,仿真结果表明了在所设计的控制方案下,闭环系统的状态是指数收敛的,同时还能减少通信资源的浪费。

CO_(2)驱产出气回注工艺及配套压缩装置的应用研究

CO_(2)驱油田产出气主要来源于注入气和油田伴生气,是目前油田CO_(2)驱环节过程中造成温室效应的一个主要排放源。以草舍油田小井组CO_(2)驱油产出气为研究对象,设置了若干单元对产出气进行提纯净化,有效除油降水,满足压缩装置的进气要求。同时针对性改造压缩装置,实现装置的自动化、撬装化,不仅降低了装置运行成本,也实现了CO_(2)的循环利用,该研究对CO_(2)驱产出气回收、实现碳减排具有积极意义。