Objective: Influenza is a highly infectious viral disease, which occurs epidemically almost every winter in Japan. Rapid screening of patients with suspected influenza in places of mass gathering is important to delay...Objective: Influenza is a highly infectious viral disease, which occurs epidemically almost every winter in Japan. Rapid screening of patients with suspected influenza in places of mass gathering is important to delay or prevent transmission of the infection. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of our newly developed infection screening system that employed vital signs and percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) as parameters in a clinical setting. Methods: Since SpO2 accurately reflects respiratory status during influenza virus infection, we upgraded our previous system by adding SpO2 as a new parameter to improve the screening accuracy. This system instantly measures SpO2 and vital signs (i.e., heart rate, respiration rate, and facial temperature), which automatically detects infected individuals via a neural network-based nonlinear discriminant function using these derived parameters. We tested the system on 45 patients with seasonal influenza (35.8℃ < body temperature < 40.0℃, 18-35 years) and 64 normal control subjects (35.0℃ < body temperature < 37.5℃, 18-30 years) at Japan Self-Defense Central Hospital in 2012. Results: The system identified 40/45 patients with influenza and 60/64 normal control subjects, and provided sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of 88.8%, 93.8%, 90.9%, and 92.3%, respectively. By including SpO2 as a screening parameter, we achieved superior sensitivity and NPV compared to that reported in our previous paper (sensitivity = 88%;NPV = 82%). Conclusions: Our results suggest that SpO2 is a good screening parameter that improves the accuracy of infection screening. The proposed system has the potential to efficiently identify infected individuals, thereby delaying or preventing the spread of infection during epidemic seasons.展开更多
High-quality Sr_(2)CrWO_(6)(SCWO) films have been grown on SrTiO_(3)(STO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition under low oxygen pressure. With decrease of the film thickness, a drastic conductivity increase is observe...High-quality Sr_(2)CrWO_(6)(SCWO) films have been grown on SrTiO_(3)(STO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition under low oxygen pressure. With decrease of the film thickness, a drastic conductivity increase is observed. The Hall measurements show that the thicker the film, the lower the carrier density. An extrinsic mechanism of charge doping due to the dominance of oxygen vacancies at SCWO/STO interfaces is proposed. The distribution and gradient of carrier concentration in SCWO films are considered to be related to this phenomenon. Resistivity behavior observed in these films is found to follow the variable range hopping model. It is revealed that with increase of the film thickness, the extent of disorder in the lattice increases, which gives a clear evidence of disorder-induced localization charge carriers in these films.Magnetoresistance measurements show that there is a negative magnetoresistance in SCWO films, which is considered to be caused by the magnetic scattering of magnetic elements Cr^(3+) and W^(5+). In addition, a sign reversal of anisotropic magnetoresistance(AMR) in SCWO film is observed for the first time, when the temperature varies across a characteristic value, T_(M). Magnetization-temperature measurements demonstrate that this AMR sign reversal is caused by the direction transition of easy axis of magnetization from the in-plane ferromagnetic order at T > T_(M) to the out-of-plane at T < T_(M).展开更多
In the present paper on the one hand we apply the central limit theorem to the solution of the sign problem of a path integral of two-interacting particles in potential and give an expression for the sign solved propa...In the present paper on the one hand we apply the central limit theorem to the solution of the sign problem of a path integral of two-interacting particles in potential and give an expression for the sign solved propagator (SSP) derived from that solution and on the other hand we perform the angular decomposition of the path integrals of the 2D and 3D Helium atoms. Finally, we combine those two results and derive the SSPs of the 2D and 3D Helium atoms.展开更多
In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filt...In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filter is designed using the Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique. This filter is converted into a multiplier-less filter by representing it in the Canonic Signed Digit (CSD) space. The design of the FRM filter in the CSD space calls for the use of a discrete optimization technique. To this end, a new optimization approach is proposed using a modified Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA). HSA is modified in such a way that, in every exploitation and exploration phase, the candidate solutions turns out to be integers. The 1D FRM multiplier-less filter, is in turn transformed to the 2D equivalent using the recently proposed multiplier-less transformations namely, T1 and T2. These transformations are successful in generating circular contours even for wideband filters. Since multipliers are the most power consuming elements in a 2D filter, the multiplier-less realization calls for reduced power consumption as well as computation time. Significant reduction in the computational complexity and computation time are the highlights of our proposed design technique. Besides, the proposed discrete optimization using modified HSA can be used to solve optimization problems in other engineering disciplines, where the search space consists of integers.展开更多
先天性胆汁酸合成障碍2型(congenital bile acid synthesis disorder type 2,CBAS2)是醛酮还原酶家族1D1(Aldo-ketoreductase family1 member D1,AKR1D1)基因突变引起△4-3-氧固醇-5β-还原酶缺乏所致的胆汁酸合成障碍性疾病,其主要临...先天性胆汁酸合成障碍2型(congenital bile acid synthesis disorder type 2,CBAS2)是醛酮还原酶家族1D1(Aldo-ketoreductase family1 member D1,AKR1D1)基因突变引起△4-3-氧固醇-5β-还原酶缺乏所致的胆汁酸合成障碍性疾病,其主要临床表现为新生儿胆汁淤积症和暴发型肝衰竭[1]。自1988年Setchell等[2]根据血尿FAB-MS分析首次诊断2例△4-3-氧固醇-5β-还原酶缺陷患儿后,有关CBAS2的病例报道仅数十例[3-4]。现对收治的CBAS2患儿临床特征、转归以及AKR1D1基因变异进行了分析,报道如下。展开更多
文摘Objective: Influenza is a highly infectious viral disease, which occurs epidemically almost every winter in Japan. Rapid screening of patients with suspected influenza in places of mass gathering is important to delay or prevent transmission of the infection. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of our newly developed infection screening system that employed vital signs and percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) as parameters in a clinical setting. Methods: Since SpO2 accurately reflects respiratory status during influenza virus infection, we upgraded our previous system by adding SpO2 as a new parameter to improve the screening accuracy. This system instantly measures SpO2 and vital signs (i.e., heart rate, respiration rate, and facial temperature), which automatically detects infected individuals via a neural network-based nonlinear discriminant function using these derived parameters. We tested the system on 45 patients with seasonal influenza (35.8℃ < body temperature < 40.0℃, 18-35 years) and 64 normal control subjects (35.0℃ < body temperature < 37.5℃, 18-30 years) at Japan Self-Defense Central Hospital in 2012. Results: The system identified 40/45 patients with influenza and 60/64 normal control subjects, and provided sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of 88.8%, 93.8%, 90.9%, and 92.3%, respectively. By including SpO2 as a screening parameter, we achieved superior sensitivity and NPV compared to that reported in our previous paper (sensitivity = 88%;NPV = 82%). Conclusions: Our results suggest that SpO2 is a good screening parameter that improves the accuracy of infection screening. The proposed system has the potential to efficiently identify infected individuals, thereby delaying or preventing the spread of infection during epidemic seasons.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 92065110, 11974048, and 12074334)。
文摘High-quality Sr_(2)CrWO_(6)(SCWO) films have been grown on SrTiO_(3)(STO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition under low oxygen pressure. With decrease of the film thickness, a drastic conductivity increase is observed. The Hall measurements show that the thicker the film, the lower the carrier density. An extrinsic mechanism of charge doping due to the dominance of oxygen vacancies at SCWO/STO interfaces is proposed. The distribution and gradient of carrier concentration in SCWO films are considered to be related to this phenomenon. Resistivity behavior observed in these films is found to follow the variable range hopping model. It is revealed that with increase of the film thickness, the extent of disorder in the lattice increases, which gives a clear evidence of disorder-induced localization charge carriers in these films.Magnetoresistance measurements show that there is a negative magnetoresistance in SCWO films, which is considered to be caused by the magnetic scattering of magnetic elements Cr^(3+) and W^(5+). In addition, a sign reversal of anisotropic magnetoresistance(AMR) in SCWO film is observed for the first time, when the temperature varies across a characteristic value, T_(M). Magnetization-temperature measurements demonstrate that this AMR sign reversal is caused by the direction transition of easy axis of magnetization from the in-plane ferromagnetic order at T > T_(M) to the out-of-plane at T < T_(M).
文摘In the present paper on the one hand we apply the central limit theorem to the solution of the sign problem of a path integral of two-interacting particles in potential and give an expression for the sign solved propagator (SSP) derived from that solution and on the other hand we perform the angular decomposition of the path integrals of the 2D and 3D Helium atoms. Finally, we combine those two results and derive the SSPs of the 2D and 3D Helium atoms.
文摘In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filter is designed using the Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique. This filter is converted into a multiplier-less filter by representing it in the Canonic Signed Digit (CSD) space. The design of the FRM filter in the CSD space calls for the use of a discrete optimization technique. To this end, a new optimization approach is proposed using a modified Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA). HSA is modified in such a way that, in every exploitation and exploration phase, the candidate solutions turns out to be integers. The 1D FRM multiplier-less filter, is in turn transformed to the 2D equivalent using the recently proposed multiplier-less transformations namely, T1 and T2. These transformations are successful in generating circular contours even for wideband filters. Since multipliers are the most power consuming elements in a 2D filter, the multiplier-less realization calls for reduced power consumption as well as computation time. Significant reduction in the computational complexity and computation time are the highlights of our proposed design technique. Besides, the proposed discrete optimization using modified HSA can be used to solve optimization problems in other engineering disciplines, where the search space consists of integers.
文摘先天性胆汁酸合成障碍2型(congenital bile acid synthesis disorder type 2,CBAS2)是醛酮还原酶家族1D1(Aldo-ketoreductase family1 member D1,AKR1D1)基因突变引起△4-3-氧固醇-5β-还原酶缺乏所致的胆汁酸合成障碍性疾病,其主要临床表现为新生儿胆汁淤积症和暴发型肝衰竭[1]。自1988年Setchell等[2]根据血尿FAB-MS分析首次诊断2例△4-3-氧固醇-5β-还原酶缺陷患儿后,有关CBAS2的病例报道仅数十例[3-4]。现对收治的CBAS2患儿临床特征、转归以及AKR1D1基因变异进行了分析,报道如下。
