Selective catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene to tetralin over a NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst

The selective catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene to high-value tetralin was systematically investigated.A series of Al2O3 catalysts containing different active metals(Co,Mo,Ni,W)were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation.The effects of different active metals forms(oxidation,reduction,sulfuration)and reaction conditions on naphthalene hydrogenation were investigated and the catalysts were characterized by XRD,XPS,BET,NH3-TPD and SEM.Especially,Ni-Mo/Al2O3 was first used in this reactive system.The results show that the oxidative4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 is the best catalyst for the preparation of tetralin.The conversion of naphthalene and the selectivity of tetralin can reach 95.62%and 99.75%respectively at 200℃,8 h and 6 MPa.Compared with reduced and sulfureted 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts,oxidative 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 has a well dispersed and uniform monolayer of the active metals,larger pore volume and size,and larger total acidity.NiO-MoO3/Al2O3 has a synergistic effect between NiO activity and MoO3 selectivity.

Improved Stability and Shape Selectivity of 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene by Methylation of Naphthalene with Methanol on Modified Zeolites

2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene (2,6-DMN) is a key intermediate for polyethylene naphthalate synthesis. The selective synthesis of 2,6-DMN from naphthalene and methanol was carried out over different zeolites (HZSM-5, Hβ, HUSY and SAPO-11) modified by 0.1wt% PdO under atmospheric pressure. Among the adopted zeolites, SAPO-11 exhibits exceptional shape-selectivity and stability to synthesize 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene from methylation of naphthalene, due to the special pore structure of SAPO-11 which inosculated better with 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene than with 2,7-dimethylnaphthalene.

Computational Study for the Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction on 1-Dimethylamino-2,4-bis(trifluoroacetyl)-naphthalene with Amines

Our previous research showed that aliphatic amines were put in order of high reactivity as “ethylamine > ammonia > t-butylamine > diethylamine” on the aromatic nucleophilic substitution of 1-dimetylamino-2,4-bis(trifluoroacetyl)-naphthalene 1 in acetonitrile. The DFT calculation study (B3LYP/6-31G* with solvation model) for the reactions of 1 with above four amines rationally explained the difference of each amines reactivity based on the energies of their Meisenheimer complexes 3 which are assumed to formed as the reaction intermediates in the course of the reaction giving the corresponding N-N exchange products 2. Intramolecular hydrogen bond between amino proton in 1-amino group and carbonyl oxygen in 2-trifluoroacetyl group stabilizes Meisenheimer complexes 3 effectively, and accelerates the substitution reaction from 1 to 2. Our calculation results also predicted that the above order of amines is also true if less polar toluene is used as a solvent instead of acetonitrile even though more enhanced conditions are required.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-Bromo-5-ethoxy-3-methyl-5- (naphthalen-1-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-one

The title compound 4-bromo-5-ethoxy-3-methyl-5-（naphthalen-l-yl）-l-tosyl-lH- pyrrol-2（5H）-one 1 （C24H22BrNO4S, Mr = 500.40） has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 8.8562（15）, b = 18.118（3）, c = 14.055（2）A, β = 99.855（3）^o, V= 2221.9（6）A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.496 g/cm^3,μ= 1.975 mm^-1, 2 = 0.71073A, F（000） = 1024, R = 0.0607 and wR = 0.1371.

Characterization ofanovel deep-seamicrobial esterase EstC 10 and its use in the generation o f(R)-methyl 2-chloropropionate

A novel esterase EstC10 from Bacillus sp. CX01 isolated from the deep sea of the Western Pacific Ocean and the functionalities of EstC 10 was characterized. At present, the reports about the kinetic resolution ofracemic methyl 2-chloropropionate were quite rare. So we developed deep-sea microbial esterase EstC10 as a novel biocatalyst in the kinetic resolution of racemic methyl 2-chloropropionate and generate （R）-methyl 2-chloropropionate with high enantiomeric excess （〉99%） after the optimization of process parameters such as pH, temperature, organic co-solvents, surfactants, substrate concentration and reaction time. Notably, the optimal substrate concentration （80 mmol/L） of esterase EstC10 was higher than the kinetic resolution of another esterase, Estl2-7 （50 mmoFL）. The novel microbial esterase EstC10 identified from the deep sea was a promising green biocatalyst in the generation of （R）-methyl 2-chloropropionate as well of many other valuable chiral chemicals in industry.

Controlled Self-assembly of Two Coordination Polymers via subtly Varying Bis(2-methyl imidazole) Ligands:from 3-Connected(6,3) Net to 4-Connected sql Net

Two coordination polymers constructed from 3,4-thiophenedicarboxylic acid and bis（2-methyl imidazole） ligands, namely, {[Cd2（tdc）2（bip）2]·7H20}n （1） and [Cd（tdc）（bib）]n （2） （Hgtdc = 3,4-thiophenedicarboxylic acid, bip = 1,3-bis-（imidazol-2-methyl）propane and bib = 1,4-bis（imidazol-2-methyl）butane）, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses reveal that 1 exhibits a two-dimensional （2D） layered network with 3-connected （6,3） topology, which is further connected into a three- dimensional （3D） supramolecular structure by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. However, 2 features a 2D network which can be rationalized as a 4-connected sql net. The results indicate the subtle difference of auxiliary bis（imidazol-2-methyl） ligands may lead to diverse architectures. Moreover, they exhibit luminescence emission in the solid state at room temperature.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1-H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic Acid [2-(Naphthalen-1-ylamino)-ethyl]-amide

1-H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid [2-（naphthalen-1-ylamino）-ethyl]-amide has been synthesized and characterized. Its crystal is of monoclinic, space group P2 1/n with a = 5.930（6）, b = 12.144（13）, c = 20.10（2） , A, β = 95.709（17）°, V= 1441（3） ,A, Z= 4, C17H17N3O, Mr= 279.34, Dc= 1.288 g/cm^3, F（000） = 592, μ（MoKa） = 0.083 mm^-1, S = 1.019, R = 0.0473 and wR = 0.1181 for 1713 observed reflections with I 〉 2 σ（I）. X-ray diffraction reveals that two molecules of the title compound form a dimer through a pair of N-H…O hydrogen bonds.

Vapour Phase Alkylation of Naphthalene over Lanthana Modified Zeolites

Lanthanum oxide impregnated large-pore zeolite catalysts were prepared. The catalysts were characterized by XRD （X-ray diffraction）, PSA （particle size analysis）, TPD （temperature programmed desorption） and SEM （scanning electron microscope）. The performances of the catalysts were investigated using the alkylation reaction of naphthalene with methanol. Under comparable conditions, the La-impregnated β-zeolite catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity among all the catalysts tested. The lower reaction temperature is favorable for the formation of 2,6-dimethyl naphthalene.

Theoretical Study on the Reaction Mechanism of o-Aminophenol, Acetic Acid and Phosphorus Oxytrichloride One-pot to Form 2-Methyl Benzoxazole

The reaction mechanism of o-aminophenol, acetic acid and phosphorus oxytrichloride in one-pot to form 2-methyl benzoxazole was studied by density functional theory. The geometries of the reactants, transition states, intermediates and products were optimized at the GGA/PW91/DNP level. Vibration analysis was carried out to confirm the transition state structure. Two possible reaction pathways were investigated in this study. The result indicates that the reaction Re→TS1→IM1→TSA2→IMA2→TSA3→IMA3→TSA4→IMA4→TSA5→P2 is the main pathway, the activation energy of which is the lowest. Re→TS1→IM1 is the rate-limiting step, with the activation energy being 221.54 kJ·mol^(-1) and the reaction heat being 10.06 kJ·mol^(-1). The dominant product predicted theoretically is in agreement with the experiment results.

XRD Pattern of Liquid Crystal Monomer Acrylate That Conjugated with Cholesterol and p-Hydroxyphenyl-2-Methyl Butanoic

It was successfully synthesized liquid crystal monomer acrylate that conjugated with two mesogens were cholesterol and p-hydroxyphenyl-2-methyl Butanoat which called MA （monomer cholesteryl acrylate） and monomer （S）-（＋）-4-（2-Methyl butanoat-l-butyloxy） phenyl 4-[1-（propenoyloxy） butyloxy] benzoate （MB）. Two monomers were characterized by DSC （differential scanning calorimetry）, POM （polarization optical microscopy） and XRD （X-ray diffraction）. Mesophase temperatures of MA and MB are 81.28 ~C and 54.36~C, respectively. Textures analysis by POM shows that MA was oily streak and MB was schlieren. XRD pattern shows the strongest three peaks of MA at room temperature which are （20, deg）： 2.7153, 5.2992 and 18.8500. The Strongest three peaks of MB at room temperature are （20, deg）： 9.1726, 9.7707 and 12.5389. XRD pattern of MA and MB at mesophase and above mesophase temperature that each peaks disappear.

Interaction of N-(2-Methyl Thio Phenyl)-2-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldimine with Tin Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Spectroscopic Approach

The interaction of N-(2-methyl thiophenyl)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldimine (NMTHN) with tin dioxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) has been investigated by spectroscopic tools such as absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Absorption spectroscopy reveals the formation of ground state complex. Fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to study the signatures of fluorescence quenching. SnO2 NPs are found to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of NMTHN via static and dynamic quenching. The deviation from linearity in the Stern-Volmer plot has been observed.

AlCl_(3)-N(CH_(2)CH_(3))_(3)·HCl离子液体中2-甲基萘乙酰基化的研究

2-甲基-6-乙酰基萘是制备2,6-萘二甲酸的重要中间体,以2-甲基萘与乙酰氯为反应物,在三氯化铝的催化作用下生成2-甲基-6-乙酰基萘。在三氯化铝-三乙胺盐酸盐离子液体中,X(AlCl_(3))=0.5时,2-甲基萘与乙酰氯之间几乎不发生反应,当X(AlCl_(3))=0.50~0.65时,随着三氯化铝含量的增加,2-甲基萘的转化率与2-甲基-6-乙酰基萘的收率均呈增加趋势。三氯化铝的含量超过0.70时,离子液体中出现固-液两相,乙酰基化反应时,反应产物中2-甲基-6-乙酰基萘的相对选择性下降。对比二氯乙烷、硝基苯、氯化铝-三乙胺盐酸盐(X(AlCl_(3))=0.5)与氯化铝-1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(X(AlCl_(3))=0.5)为反应介质,相同的2-甲基萘与乙酰氯、三氯化铝比值下,在离子液体中均呈现更高的2-甲基-6-乙酰基萘选择性。

菌株8-A-2对萘降解特性的初步研究

从济南炼油厂附近的污染土壤中,分离出能高效降解烃类的菌株8-A-2,初步鉴定为假单胞菌属.菌株8-A-2对萘降解特性的初步研究表明:此菌株能以萘为惟一碳源进行生长,并且确立了最适合的培养条件.在含萘0 2%的无机盐培养基上生长,35℃摇床培养48h,降解率可达98%以上.表明在温度为35℃,pH值为7 0,萘的含量为0 2%时,该菌株对萘的降解率最好.

SAPO-11分子筛催化合成2,6-二甲基萘

以1,3,5-三甲苯(TMB)为溶剂,研究了萘与甲醇(ME)在SAPO-11分子筛催化剂上的烷基化反应,考察了原料配比、反应温度和空速对萘的转化率及2,6-二甲基萘(2,6-DMN)选择性的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的反应条件为:n(萘)∶n(ME)∶n(TMB)=1.0∶5.0∶3.5,反应温度425℃,空速0.06 h-1。利用CuNO3对SAPO-11分子筛进行浸渍改性,采用BET和NH3-TPD方法对改性前后的SAPO-11分子筛的结构和酸性进行了表征。表征结果显示,改性后的SAPO-11分子筛的比表面积和孔体积减小,总酸量下降。随SAPO-11分子筛上Cu负载量的增加,2,6-DMN的选择性提高,萘的转化率降低。

2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的微波合成

利用微波技术，采用2-萘酚与六次甲基四胺为原料，冰乙酸作溶剂，在浓硫酸的催化下合成2-羟基-1-萘甲醛，并考察了微波作用的时间、微波辐射功率、反应试剂的组成与用量等因素对产物产率的影响。实验证明：2-萘酚与六次甲基四胺的投料摩尔比为1：1．3、微波功率130W（20％）、微波辐射时间13min的条件下反应，2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的产率可达到91％。较之几种传统合成方法（产率40％～85％，反应时间3h以上）产率有所提高，反应时间大大缩短。

SO_4^(2-)-TiO_2固体超酸催化合成二异丙基萘

用SO2 -4 TiO2 固体超酸为催化剂合成了二异丙基萘 ,生产过程简单、无污染、无腐蚀。在 160℃ ,反应时间 2 5h、催化剂用量 10 %的条件下 ,连续两次使用SO2 -4 TiO2 超酸催化 ,DIPN在产品中的含量分别为62 3 6%和 63 67,萘的单程转化率分别为 98 2 0 %和 96 4 7%。

V_K系列中间体2-甲基萘醌的制备

以2 甲基萘为原料经铬酐氧化制备2 甲基萘醌,通过改变不同的原料比,在没有用复杂试剂的情况下找到了制备2 甲基萘醌的最佳合成条件:其物质量的比n2 甲基萘 n铬酐 n冰醋酸 n水=1 6.4 16.5 35.5,最佳反应时间为70min,收率达到60%左右.

2,6-萘二羧酸制备的进展

研究了用亨克尔法和2,6-二烷基萘氧化法制备2,6-萘二羧酸的工艺条件,并对两种方法的优缺点进行了比较。

酸性离子液体高选择性催化合成2,6-二甲基萘

研究了三乙胺氯铝酸盐(Et3NHCl-AlCl3)类离子液体催化剂的酸性及反应条件对1,2,4,5-四甲基苯与2-甲基萘转移烷基化合成2,6-二甲基萘(2,6-DMN)反应的影响规律.结果表明,通过调节Et3NHCl-AlCl3离子液体的酸强度和优化反应温度及反应时间等工艺条件可以高选择性地制备2,6-DMN.以Et3NHCl-AlCl3(x(AlCl3)=0.71)为催化剂,以环己烷为溶剂,在2-甲基萘∶四甲基苯摩尔比为1∶1和20℃的条件下反应6h,2-甲基萘的转化率可达48.8%,DMN的选择性和2,6-DMN占DMN的摩尔百分比分别达到81.2%和52.4%,2,6-DMN的收率可达20.8%.特别需要指出的是,在此优化条件下反应2h,2-甲基萘的转化率为3.7%时,2,6-DMN占DMN的摩尔百分比达到100%.以混合甲基萘和萘为转移烷基化反应原料时也高选择性地得到了2,6-DMN.对Et3NHCl-AlCl3的循环使用性能进行了考察,并分析了失活原因.

硝酸改性丝光沸石上合成2,6-二异丙基萘

采用HNO3对丝光沸石(HM)进行脱铝改性,并采用固定床反应器对其萘异丙基化反应的性能进行评价,考察了不同脱铝方式和不同Si/Al原子比对改性HM萘异丙基化性能的影响。结果表明,水蒸汽和硝酸处理的催化剂,其B酸与L酸的比例和酸强度分布可发生变化,在保持较好的萘转化率的前提下,提高了2,6-二异丙基萘(2,6-DIPN)的选择性。随着HNO3改性后HM分子筛的Si/Al原子比的增加,催化剂活性逐渐降低,稳定性提高,选择性先提高后降低。适宜的硝酸改性脱铝工艺条件为:HM沸石先经500℃、0.5h-1的空速下高温水蒸汽处理1.0h,再用1.6mol/L的HNO3溶液于45℃下处理24.0h,此时Si/Al原子比为31,2,6-DIPN的产率为7.24%。