Current Trends in the Management of Distributed Transactions in Micro-Services Architectures: A Systematic Literature Review

In the evolving landscape of software engineering, Microservice Architecture (MSA) has emerged as a transformative approach, facilitating enhanced scalability, agility, and independent service deployment. This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the current state of distributed transaction management within MSA, focusing on the unique challenges, strategies, and technologies utilized in this domain. By synthesizing findings from 16 primary studies selected based on rigorous criteria, the review identifies key trends and best practices for maintaining data consistency and integrity across microservices. This SLR provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities associated with distributed transactions in MSA, offering actionable insights and potential research directions for software architects, developers, and researchers.

A UAV-Assisted V2X Network Architecture with Separated Data Transmission and Network Control

With the explosive increasing number of connecting devices such as smart phones, vehicles,drones, and satellites in the wireless networks, how to manage and control such a huge number of networking nodes has become a great challenge. In this paper, we combine the advantages of centralized networks and distributed networks approaches for vehicular networks with the aid of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), and propose a Center-controlled Multihop Wireless(CMW) networking scheme consisting of data transmission plane performed by vehicles and the network control plane implemented by the UAV.Besides, we jointly explore the advantages of Medium Access Control(MAC) protocols in the link layer and routing schemes in the network layer to facilitate the multi-hop data transmission for the ground vehicles.Particularly, the network control plane in the UAV can manage the whole network effectively via fully exploiting the acquired network topology information and traffic requests from each vehicle, and implements various kinds of control based on different traffic demands, which can enhance the networking flexibility and scalability significantly in vehicular networks.Simulation results validate the advantages of the proposed scheme compared with existing methods.

Effects of Doubled_CO_2 Concentration on Ultrastructure, Supramolecular Architecture and Spectral Characteristics of Chloroplasts from Wheat

Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants were grown under ambient and doubled_CO 2(plus 350 μL/L) concentration in cylindrical open_top chamber to examine their effects on the ultrastructure, supramolecular architecture, absorption spectrum and low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectrum of the chloroplasts from wheat leaves. The results were briefly summarized as follows: (1) The wheat leaves possessed normally developed chloroplasts with intact grana and stroma thylakoid membranes; The grana intertwined with stroma thylakoid membranes and increased slightly in stacking degree and the width of granum, in spite of more accumulated starch grains within the chloroplasts than those in control; (2) The particle density in the stacked region of the endoplasmic fracture face (EFs) and protoplasmic fracture face (PFs) and in the unstacked region the endoplasmic fracture face (EFu) and the protoplasmic fracture face (PFu) was significantly higher than that of control. Furthermore, in some cases many more particles on EFs faces of thylakoid membranes appeared as a paracrystalline particle array; (3) The variations in the structure of chloroplasts were consistent with the absorption spectra and the low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectra of the chloroplasts developed under the doubled_CO 2 concentration. Results indicate that the capability of light energy absorption of chloroplasts and regulative capability of excitation energy distribution between PSⅡ and PSⅠ were raised by doubled_CO 2 concentration. This is very favorable for final productivity of wheat.

一种基于三角数分解的可配置2-D卷积器优化方法

多尺寸2-D卷积通过特征提取在检测、分类等计算机视觉任务中发挥着重要作用。然而,目前缺少一种高效的可配置2-D卷积器设计方法,这限制了卷积神经网络(CNN)模型在边缘端的部署和应用。该文基于乘法管理以及奇平方数的三角数分解方法,提出一种高性能、高适应性的卷积核尺寸可配置的2-D卷积器。所提2-D卷积器包含一定数量的处理单元(PE)以及相应的控制单元,前者负责运算任务,后者负责管理乘法运算的组合,二者结合以实现不同尺寸的卷积。具体地,首先根据应用场景确定一个奇数列表,列表中为2-D卷积器所支持的尺寸,并利用三角数分解得到对应的三角数列表;其次,根据三角数列表和计算需求,确定PE的总数量;最后,基于以小凑大的方法,确定PE的互连方式,完成电路设计。该可配置2-D卷积器通过Verilog硬件描述语言(HDL)设计实现,由Vivado 2 022.2在XCZU7EG板卡上进行仿真和分析。实验结果表明,相比同类方法,该文所提可配置2-D卷积器,乘法资源利用率得到显著提升,由20%~50%提升至89%,并以514个逻辑单元实现1 500 MB/s的吞吐率,具有广泛的适用性。

高校BSL-2实验室建设与运行管理

近两年越来越多的高校新建、改建BSL-2实验室,目前医疗和疾控系统BSL-2实验室的建设和运行模式与科研属性的高校BSL-2实验室相符性不高、针对性不足,导致高校在建设和改造BSL-2实验室时,可参考的案例和运行管理经验十分有限,缺乏细化指导。针对上述问题,南开大学BSL-2实验室在建筑设计、备案管理、制度文件、日常监管等方面介绍了BSL-2实验室的建设和运行管理经验,供其他高校建设BSL-2实验室借鉴和参考。

Hydrophilic bi-functional B-doped g-C_(3)N_(4) hierarchical architecture for excellent photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2) production and photoelectrochemical water splitting

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))has attracted great interest in photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis.However,their poor hydrophilicity poses a great challenge for their applications in aqueous environment.Here,we demonstrate synthesis of a hydrophilic bi-functional hierarchical architecture by the assembly of B-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)nanoplatelets.Such hierarchical B-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)material enables full utilization of their highly enhanced visible light absorption and photogenerated carrier separation in aqueous medium,leading to an excellent photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production rate of 4240.3μM g^(-1)h^(-1),2.84,2.64 and 2.13 times higher than that of the bulk g-C_(3)N_(4),g-C_(3)N_(4)nanoplatelets and bulk B doped g-C_(3)N_(4),respectively.Photoanodes based on these hierarchical architectures can generate an unprecedented photocurrent density of 1.72 m A cm^(-2)at 1.23 V under AM 1.5 G illumination for photoelectrochemical water splitting.This work makes a fundamental improvement towards large-scale exploitation of highly active,hydrophilic and stable metal-free g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts for various practical applications.

Enterprise Information System Architecture Based on Web 2.0

Enterprise information systems with a great use of Web 2.0 technologies will be more open, free, and more efficient. With the contrast between classic Web technologies and Web 2.0 technologies, we represent a sample of enterprise information system based on Web 2.0, and show how the use of Web 2. 0 technologies changes the system data exchange model of the enterprise information systems and how it improves the efficiency and effectiveness of information systems.

Designing a Security Architecture for a P2P Video Conference System

More and more modern group oriented collaborativeapplications use the peer-to-peer(P2P)paradigm tobe independent of expensive infrastructures as theyare,for instance,provided for audio and video conferencesby H.323 systems.Decentralized collaborativeP2P solutions require appropriate mechanismsto protect group privacy and data integrity.A centralizedclient/server based video conference system canbe well shielded in a standard manner,whilst thereare no off-the-shelf approaches to secure a P2P videoconference up to now.The paper addresses this issueand presents a flexible security architecture.Usingthe BRAVIS system[4]as an example it shows howthe architecture can be embedded into a P2P videoconferencing system.

Boosting oxygen evolution reactivity by modulating electronic structure and honeycomb-like architecture in Ni_(2)P/N,P-codoped carbon hybrids

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)as the foremost stumbling block to generate cost-effective clean fuels has received extensive attention in recent years.But,it still maintains the challenge to manipulate the geometric and electronic structure during single reaction process under the same conditions.Herein,we report a simple self-template strategy to generate honeycomb-like Ni_(2)P/N,P-C hybrids with preferred electronic architecture.Experiments coupled with theoretical results revealed that the synthesized catalyst has two characteristics:firstly,the unique honeycomb-like morphology not only enables the fully utilization of catalytic active sites but also optimizes the mass/electron transportation pathway,which favor the diffusion of electrolyte to accessible active sites.Secondly,N,P-C substrate,on the one hand,largely contributes the electronic distribution near Fermi level(E_(F))thus boosting its electrical conductivity.On the other hand,the support effect result in the upshift of d-band center and electropositivity of Ni sites,which attenuates the energy barrier for the adsorption of OH~àand the formation of*OOH.In consequence,the optimized Ni_(2)P/N,P-C catalysts feature high electrocatalytic activity towards OER(a low overpotential of 252 m V to achieve10 m A cm^(-2))and 10 h long-term stability,the outstanding performance is comparable to most of transition metal catalysts.This work gives a innovative tactics for contriving original OER electrocatalysts,inspirng deeper understanding of fabricating catalysts by combining theoretical simulation and experiment design.

Facet Regulation of Fe_(2)O_(3) via Nanoarray Architecture to Enable High Faradic Efficiency for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

We propose a facile facet regulation enabled by nanoarray architecture to achieve a high faradic efficiency of Fe_(2)O_(3) catalyst for NRR. The a-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanorod arrays (NAs) were directly grown on carbon cloth (CC) with specific (104) facet exposure. The highly exposed (104) facets provide abundant unsaturated Fe atoms with dangling bonds as nitrogen reduction reaction catalytically active sites. In addition, the NAs architecture enables the enhanced electrochemical surface area (ECSA) to fully manifest the active sites and maintain the mass diffusion. Thus, the selectively exposed (104) facets coupled with the high ECSA of NAs architecture achieve a high FE of 14.89% and a high yield rate of 17.28 μg h^(-1) cm^(-2). This work presents an effective strategy to develop highly efficient catalytic electrodes for electrochemical NRR via facet regulation and nanoarray architecture.

EPFIA: Extensible P2P Flows Identification Architecture

The fundament of managing P2P traffic is identifying various P2P flows accurately. Although many P2P flows identification methods are presented nowadays, there are no ideas for either integrating these independent methods together or being extended fast to support new method. In this work, an extensible P2P flows identification architecture (EPFIA for short) is proposed. In order to identify many specific P2P flows, EPFIA uses many different identification methods simultaneously, and obtains the highest efficiency via adjusting their identification sequence. An online mechanism of renewing identification methods is designed, which can extend new identification method without compiling the whole program. Applying policy mechanism, identification methods can be updated, started and halted remotely. The experiment results of running the prototype system show us that EPFIA could effectively promote the performance of system and support online renew P2P identification methods and manage them remotely.

TNTs结构强化TNTs/SnO_(2)-Sb电极电催化活性的影响机制

采用溶剂热法制备了TNTs/SnO_(2)-Sb电极,通过调整氧化电压和氧化时间构建出不同结构的二氧化钛纳米管(TNTs)阵列,以探究其对电极结构和电化学性能的影响。SEM和接触角测试表明,相较于阳极氧化时间,阳极氧化电压是影响TNTs阵列形貌和表面亲水性的主要因素。SEM、XRD、LSV和EIS结果表明,TNTs阵列孔径的大小影响了催化涂层的形貌、晶粒尺寸以及电极的析氧电位。XPS、EPR和羟基自由基(·OH)生成测试表明,涂层表面致密且粒径较小有利于电极表面获得更多的氧空位,且氧空位浓度越高,吸附氧物种越多,从而增强了活性自由基的形成以及对有机物的降解。以长度950 nm,孔径100 nm的TNTs阵列层为基底时,所制备的电极TNTs(25 V)/SnO_(2)-Sb展现出了最佳的苯酚处理效果(92%±4.6%,2 h)。

OS2架构下智能配网资源优化配置系统设计

为了降低智能配网资源配置过程中的网损,在第二代操作系统(OS2)架构下设计智能配网资源优化配置系统。将OS2架构作为资源优化配置系统的基础调度依附结构,搭建主网设备协同调度系统的硬件执行环境。在硬件设计的基础上,采用系统总调端运行管理模块,驱动主网协同电路使用烟花算法求解,以获取配网网损最小、经济效益最大的多目标优化式配置方案。通过运行控制模块驱动电子调度主机,实现配网资源的优化配置。测试结果表明,该系统可结合配网资源中变电站、线路、台区的具体信息,为管理人员提供全景数据统一采集共享服务;能够以配网网损最小、经济效益最大为前提,完成智能配网资源的优化配置。该系统能够提供有效的决策支持,帮助能源管理者作出科学的决策和进行合理的资源配置。

Carbon dots confined nanosheets assembled NiCO_(2)S_(4)@CDs cross-stacked architecture for enhanced sodium ion storage

Na^(+)batteries(SIBs)have been emerging as the most promising candidate for the next generation of secondary batteries.However,the development of high-performance and cost-effective anode materials is urgently needed for the large-scale applications of SIBs.In this study,carbon dots confined bimetallic sulfide(NiCO_(2)S_(4))architecture(NiCO_(2)S_(4)@CDs)was proposed and synthesized from assembling nanosheets into cross-stacked superstructure and the subsequent confinement of carbon dots.This novel decussated structure assembly from nanosheets is greatly beneficial to the structure stability of electrode material during the successive charge/discharge processes.Besides,the CDs based carbon conductive network can enhance the electrical conductivity for facilitating the easy transport of electron/Na^(+).Benefitting from these advantages,NiCO_(2)S_(4)@CDs exhibits high-rate performance and an ultralong cycling life in SIBs.Specifically,the specific capacity of NiCO_(2)S_(4)@CDs can reach the discharge specific capacity as high as 568.9 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g,which can also maintain 302.7 m Ah/g after 750 cycles at 5.0 A/g.Additionally,ex-situ characterization techniques such as ex-situ XRD and ex-situ XPS were employed to further explore the sodium storage mechanism of the NiCO_(2)S_(4)@CDs anode.

A Porous 3D Supramolecular Architecture of Cd(II) Complex with Water Clusters as Pillars

A supramolecular complex of Cd（II） with 1D water tapes as pillars[Cd2（dpa）2（phen）2（H2O）2]·6H2O 1 （H2dpa = diphenic acid, phen = phenanthroline）, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal is of triclinic, space group P1^- with a = 9.7029（4）, b = 11.9601（5）, c = 12.1788（4） A, α = 71.6990（10）, β = 71.8740（10）, γ = 74.4680（10）°, V = 1252.39（8） A^3, C52H48Cd2N4O16, Mr = 1209.76, Z= 1, Dc = 1.604 g/cm^3,μ = 0.925 mm^-1, F（000） = 612, R = 0.0679 and wR = 0.2514 for 3870 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. Two intramolecular Cd（II） centers of this complex are encircled by two dpa^2- ligands forming an 18-membered ring, which is further assembled into a pillared three-dimensional （3D） supramolecular architecture through the synergetic effect of intermolecular face-to-face π…π stacking and weak O-H…O hydrogen-bonding interactions. Moreover, this complex exhibits photoluminescence with the main emission bands located at about 456 nm upon excitation at 355 nm in the solid state at room temperature.

Designing a High-Performance Deep Learning Theoretical Model for Biomedical Image Segmentation by Using Key Elements of the Latest U-Net-Based Architectures

Deep learning (DL) has experienced an exponential development in recent years, with major impact in many medical fields, especially in the field of medical image and, respectively, as a specific task, in the segmentation of the medical image. We aim to create a computer assisted diagnostic method, optimized by the use of deep learning (DL) and validated by a randomized controlled clinical trial, is a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancerous and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. We aim to design a high-performance deep learning model, combined from convolutional neural network (U-Net)-based architectures, for segmentation of the medical image that is independent of the type of organs/tissues, dimensions or type of image (2D/3D) and to validate the DL model in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. We used as a methodology primarily the analysis of U-Net-based architectures to identify the key elements that we considered important in the design and optimization of the combined DL model, from the U-Net-based architectures, imagined by us. Secondly, we will validate the performance of the DL model through a randomized controlled clinical trial. The DL model designed by us will be a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancers and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. The combined model we designed takes into account the key features of each of the architectures Overcomplete Convolutional Network Kite-Net (Kite-Net), Attention gate mechanism is an improvement added on convolutional network architecture for fast and precise segmentation of images (Attention U-Net), Harmony Densely Connected Network-Medical image Segmentation (HarDNet-MSEG). In this regard, we will create a comprehensive computer assisted diagnostic methodology validated by a randomized controlled clinical trial. The model will be a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancers and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. This would help drastically minimize the time and effort that specialists put into analyzing medical images, help to achieve a better therapeutic plan, and can provide a “second opinion” of computer assisted diagnosis.

基于通用计算机的2乘2取2安全架构研究与实现

嵌入式安全平台存在硬件开发成本高、运算性能提升难、升级适配工作量大等限制。为此,研究基于通用计算机的2乘2取2安全架构,设计通用安全平台数据交互机制,实现系内、系间不同计算机之间的数据交互比较逻辑;系统内各计算机之间进行周期性时间校准,实现系统时钟的同步校准,保证2乘2取2机制长时间的稳定运行,构建满足SIL4安全等级的铁路信号通用安全平台。

Web2.0环境下的信息构建研究(Ⅰ)——信息构建发展的新阶段

Web 2.0的出现使信息构建(IA)的内容发生了深刻变化,IA已进入"信息构建2.0"(IA2.0)阶段。在IA2.0阶段,IA作为一门学科、一种角色和一类社团的协调统一体而存在,它强调真正"以用户为中心"和"丰富的用户体验"的核心理念,以满足新环境下的用户需求。Web2.0网站的IA,是IA2.0的典型应用,也是IA2.0阶段研究的主要内容,本文将其称为网站IA2.0。文中设计了一个网站IA2.0模型,并进行了简单的实例分析。

一种新型CTCS-2级列车控制系统研究

CTCS-2级列车控制系统对我国铁路信号是一项全新技术,其结构和实现方法尚未定型。本文在CTCS-2级技术条件框架基础上,提出一种采用无线机车信号和ATP实现CTCS-2级系统的方法。无线机车信号从CTC或TDCS分机获取临时限速值并从联锁获取进路信息,通过无线信道直接发送到车载ATP设备;ATP设备据此生成目标-距离模式曲线并按照不同监控模式控制列车。其优势是:(1)可省去相应有源应答器;(2)无线信息传输闭环确认,保证信息传输的可靠性;(3)无需进行车站电码化,也不存在轨道电路受到不同干扰影响信息传输问题。文章阐述了系统的基本结构和工作原理,并对系统的先进性、可行性及系统的可靠性和安全性进行了分析。

Web2.0环境下的信息构建研究(Ⅱ)——网站IA2.0的评估:以博客站点为例

在信息构建2.0阶段,由于信息构建的内涵发生了变化,网站信息构建的质量标准也相应发生变化。笔者认为,信息构建2.0应以用户体验为评价依据,从用户使用网站的角度来分析信息构建的质量。本文以"丰富的用户体验"为基本原则,分析并提出了网站IA2.0的评估对象,即个人信息构建、信息构建1.0和社会信息构建。在此基础上,提出结合网站IA2.0的三个模型,采用定性和定量相结合的方法对Web2.0网站的信息构建进行评估。并以博客站点为例,设计相应的评估指标,进行实证分析。