SNF1-related protein kinase 2(SnRK2)family members are essential components of the plant abscisic acid(ABA)signaling pathway initiated by osmotic stress and triggering a drought stress response.This study characterize...SNF1-related protein kinase 2(SnRK2)family members are essential components of the plant abscisic acid(ABA)signaling pathway initiated by osmotic stress and triggering a drought stress response.This study characterized the molecular properties of TaSnRK2.4 and its function in mediating adaptation to drought in Triticum aestivum.Transcripts of TaSnRK2.4 were upregulated upon drought and ABA signaling and associated with drought-and ABA-responsive cis-elements ABRE and DRE,and MYB and MYC binding sites in the promoter as indicated by reporter GUS protein staining and activity driven by truncations of the promoter.Yeast two-hybrid,BiFC,and Co-IP assays indicated that TaSnRK2.4 protein interacts with TaPP2C01 and an ABF transcription factor(TF)TaABF2.The results suggested that TaSnRK2.4 forms a functional TaPP2C01-TaSnRK2.4-TaABF2 module with its upstream and downstream partners.Transgene analysis revealed that TaSnRK2.4 and TaABF2 positively regulate drought tolerance whereas TaPP2C01 acts negatively by modulating stomatal movement,osmotic adjustment,reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis,and root morphology.Expression analysis,yeast one-hybrid,and transcriptional activation assays indicated that several osmotic stress-responsive genes,including TaSLAC1-4,TaP5CS3,TaSOD5,TaCAT1,and TaPIN4,are regulated by TaABF2.Transgene analysis verified their functions in positively regulating stomatal movement(TaSLAC1-4),proline accumulation(TaP5CS3),SOD activity(TaSOD5),CAT activity(TaCAT1),and root morphology(TaPIN4).There were high correlations between plant biomass and yield with module transcripts in a wheat variety panel cultivated under drought conditions in the field.Our findings provide insights into understanding plant drought response underlying the SnRK2 signaling pathway in common wheat.展开更多
Series of 2-alkyl-1,3,4-trimethylbenzenes(ATMBs)were detected in most of crude oils and source rocks collected from various strata and locations of the Tarim Basin.They appeared to have heavy carbon isotopic signatur...Series of 2-alkyl-1,3,4-trimethylbenzenes(ATMBs)were detected in most of crude oils and source rocks collected from various strata and locations of the Tarim Basin.They appeared to have heavy carbon isotopic signatures(δ13C,up to~-16‰)compared to those hydrocarbons from oxygenic phototrophic organisms,indicating that the unequivocal source of green sulfur bacteria(GSB)and photic zone euxinia(PZE)existed in the original environment.Considering the high paleoproductivity,the PZE may have enhanced the preservation of organic matter,which triggered the formation of extremely organic-rich source rocks with TOC up to 29.8%for the Lower Cambrian Yuertus Formation(€1y).The coexistence of ATMBs and the diagnostic products from secondary alterations(e.g.,abundant 25-norhopanes,thiadiamondoids,and diamondoids)indicated a stronger ability of anti-second-alterations.Combined with the results of quantitatively de-convoluting mixed oil,the oil-source correlation based on ATMBs from a large number of Lower Paleozoic samples of the Tarim Basin suggested that the abundant deep crude oil resources co ntained a dominant contribution(>50%)from the€1y source rocks.Therefore,the ATMBs,as diagnostic biomarkers indicating unequivocal precursors under special habitat conditions,might provide important insights for the exploration of deep Lower Paleozoic crude oils in the Tarim Basin.展开更多
The compound 1,3,5-tris(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c, with a = 17.571(4), b = 10.860(2), c = 14.126(3) ?; ( = 92.89(3)(, V = 2692(1) ?3, Dc ...The compound 1,3,5-tris(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c, with a = 17.571(4), b = 10.860(2), c = 14.126(3) ?; ( = 92.89(3)(, V = 2692(1) ?3, Dc = 1.260 g/cm3, Z = 4, C33H30N6, Mr = 510.63, ((MoK() = 0.077mm-1, F (000) = 1080. The structure was refined to R = 0.0592, wR = 0.1379 for 1492 (I(2((I)) reflections. The title molecule has cis, trans, trans-conformation about the central phenyl ring. The screw-related molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds C-H(((N (x, -0.5-y, 0.5+z) and form the infinite helical chains. The polar molecular chains are antiparallelly stacked through edge-to-face C-H…πinteractions.展开更多
本文对碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的动力学特征进行了较为系统的研究:(1)探讨固液比、酶量、温度、pH值等因素对玉米蛋白水解度的影响,研究确定了碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的最佳工艺控制条件;(2)根据所建立...本文对碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的动力学特征进行了较为系统的研究:(1)探讨固液比、酶量、温度、pH值等因素对玉米蛋白水解度的影响,研究确定了碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的最佳工艺控制条件;(2)根据所建立的pH-stat酶解体系确定了Vmax和Km,为更有效地利用玉米蛋白资源奠定了理论基础。展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200202)State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation(NCCIR2022ZZ-7)Graduate Student Innovation Ability Training Funding Project of Hebei Province(CXZZBS2023073)。
文摘SNF1-related protein kinase 2(SnRK2)family members are essential components of the plant abscisic acid(ABA)signaling pathway initiated by osmotic stress and triggering a drought stress response.This study characterized the molecular properties of TaSnRK2.4 and its function in mediating adaptation to drought in Triticum aestivum.Transcripts of TaSnRK2.4 were upregulated upon drought and ABA signaling and associated with drought-and ABA-responsive cis-elements ABRE and DRE,and MYB and MYC binding sites in the promoter as indicated by reporter GUS protein staining and activity driven by truncations of the promoter.Yeast two-hybrid,BiFC,and Co-IP assays indicated that TaSnRK2.4 protein interacts with TaPP2C01 and an ABF transcription factor(TF)TaABF2.The results suggested that TaSnRK2.4 forms a functional TaPP2C01-TaSnRK2.4-TaABF2 module with its upstream and downstream partners.Transgene analysis revealed that TaSnRK2.4 and TaABF2 positively regulate drought tolerance whereas TaPP2C01 acts negatively by modulating stomatal movement,osmotic adjustment,reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis,and root morphology.Expression analysis,yeast one-hybrid,and transcriptional activation assays indicated that several osmotic stress-responsive genes,including TaSLAC1-4,TaP5CS3,TaSOD5,TaCAT1,and TaPIN4,are regulated by TaABF2.Transgene analysis verified their functions in positively regulating stomatal movement(TaSLAC1-4),proline accumulation(TaP5CS3),SOD activity(TaSOD5),CAT activity(TaCAT1),and root morphology(TaPIN4).There were high correlations between plant biomass and yield with module transcripts in a wheat variety panel cultivated under drought conditions in the field.Our findings provide insights into understanding plant drought response underlying the SnRK2 signaling pathway in common wheat.
基金financial support provided by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016ZX04004-004)National Natural Science Foundation of China (41672125)
文摘Series of 2-alkyl-1,3,4-trimethylbenzenes(ATMBs)were detected in most of crude oils and source rocks collected from various strata and locations of the Tarim Basin.They appeared to have heavy carbon isotopic signatures(δ13C,up to~-16‰)compared to those hydrocarbons from oxygenic phototrophic organisms,indicating that the unequivocal source of green sulfur bacteria(GSB)and photic zone euxinia(PZE)existed in the original environment.Considering the high paleoproductivity,the PZE may have enhanced the preservation of organic matter,which triggered the formation of extremely organic-rich source rocks with TOC up to 29.8%for the Lower Cambrian Yuertus Formation(€1y).The coexistence of ATMBs and the diagnostic products from secondary alterations(e.g.,abundant 25-norhopanes,thiadiamondoids,and diamondoids)indicated a stronger ability of anti-second-alterations.Combined with the results of quantitatively de-convoluting mixed oil,the oil-source correlation based on ATMBs from a large number of Lower Paleozoic samples of the Tarim Basin suggested that the abundant deep crude oil resources co ntained a dominant contribution(>50%)from the€1y source rocks.Therefore,the ATMBs,as diagnostic biomarkers indicating unequivocal precursors under special habitat conditions,might provide important insights for the exploration of deep Lower Paleozoic crude oils in the Tarim Basin.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province.
文摘The compound 1,3,5-tris(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c, with a = 17.571(4), b = 10.860(2), c = 14.126(3) ?; ( = 92.89(3)(, V = 2692(1) ?3, Dc = 1.260 g/cm3, Z = 4, C33H30N6, Mr = 510.63, ((MoK() = 0.077mm-1, F (000) = 1080. The structure was refined to R = 0.0592, wR = 0.1379 for 1492 (I(2((I)) reflections. The title molecule has cis, trans, trans-conformation about the central phenyl ring. The screw-related molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds C-H(((N (x, -0.5-y, 0.5+z) and form the infinite helical chains. The polar molecular chains are antiparallelly stacked through edge-to-face C-H…πinteractions.
文摘本文对碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的动力学特征进行了较为系统的研究:(1)探讨固液比、酶量、温度、pH值等因素对玉米蛋白水解度的影响,研究确定了碱性蛋白酶Alcalase AF 2.4L水解玉米蛋白的最佳工艺控制条件;(2)根据所建立的pH-stat酶解体系确定了Vmax和Km,为更有效地利用玉米蛋白资源奠定了理论基础。
