The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19/SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV), is a global threat to the human population. Here, we briefly summarize the a...The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19/SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV), is a global threat to the human population. Here, we briefly summarize the available data for the zoonotic origins of HCoV-19, with reference to the other two epidemics of highly virulent coronaviruses, SARSCoV and MERS-CoV, which cause severe pneumonia in humans. We propose to intensify future efforts for tracing the origins of HCoV-19, which is a very important scientific question for the control and prevention of the pandemic.展开更多
目的运用免疫信息学技术预测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的B细胞、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)和辅助T(Th)细胞的抗原表位.方法从NCBI数据库检索SARS-CoV-2蛋白序列,根据抗原性≥0.5和氨基酸数≥100进行筛选,最终的蛋白序列用...目的运用免疫信息学技术预测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的B细胞、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)和辅助T(Th)细胞的抗原表位.方法从NCBI数据库检索SARS-CoV-2蛋白序列,根据抗原性≥0.5和氨基酸数≥100进行筛选,最终的蛋白序列用于后续的抗原肽的预测.用蛋白质结构预测软件Phyre2进行三维结构的预测、蛋白质模型结构的细化软件GalaxyRefine优化蛋白的三维结构,最后用蛋白质结构同源建模SWISS-MODEL系统对优化后的结构进行准确性评估.蛋白序列用于CTL、Th细胞和线性B细胞抗原肽预测,三维结构用于结构性B细胞抗原预测.免疫表位数据库和分析资源(IEDB)预测SARS-CoV-2的CTL和Th细胞抗原表位,B细胞线性抗原肽预测软件Bepipred Linear Epitope Prediction 2.0和B细胞结构抗原肽预测软件ElliPro-Epitope prediction based upon structural protrusion分别预测B细胞线性和结构抗原肽.结果从NCBI数据库获得了27个SARS-CoV-2的蛋白序列,去掉抗原性<0.5和氨基酸数<100的蛋白质后,最终选定9个蛋白进行后续抗原肽预测.最终获得了24个CTL、20个Th细胞、12个B细胞线性表位和16个B细胞结构表位.结论获得的抗原表位可用于后续多表位疫苗的设计,相较于只针对单种蛋白靶点的抗原表位而言,多靶点抗原表位具有更强的免疫原性,这些抗原表位对SARS-CoV-2疫苗而言,具有一定的参考价值.展开更多
An acute respiratory disease,caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2,previously known as 2019-nCoV),the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention.On 30 January 202...An acute respiratory disease,caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2,previously known as 2019-nCoV),the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention.On 30 January 2020,World Health Organization(WHO)officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern.The emergence of SARS-CoV-2,since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCoV)in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)in 2012,marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century.As of 1 March 2020,a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally,79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China,with 2977 deaths(3.4%)had been reported by WHO.Meanwhile,several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs toβ-coronavirus,with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus,pointing to bat as the natural host.The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)as that for SARS-CoV,and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract.Importantly,increasingly evidence showed sustained human-tohuman transmission,along with many exported cases across the globe.The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever,cough,fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms.The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes,which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and cytokine storm.Currently,there are few specific antiviral strategies,but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation.In this review,we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical characteristics of COVID-19,and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Hepatic involvement is common in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.It is currently accepted that th...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Hepatic involvement is common in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.It is currently accepted that the direct and indirect hepatic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection play a significant role in COVID-19.In individuals with pre-existing infectious and non-infectious liver disease,who are at a remarkably higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 and death,this pathology is most medically relevant.This review emphasizes the current pathways regarded as contributing to the gastrointestinal and hepatic ailments linked to COVID-19-infected patients due to an imbalanced interaction among the liver,systemic inflammation,disrupted coagulation,and the lung.展开更多
文摘The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19/SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV), is a global threat to the human population. Here, we briefly summarize the available data for the zoonotic origins of HCoV-19, with reference to the other two epidemics of highly virulent coronaviruses, SARSCoV and MERS-CoV, which cause severe pneumonia in humans. We propose to intensify future efforts for tracing the origins of HCoV-19, which is a very important scientific question for the control and prevention of the pandemic.
文摘目的运用免疫信息学技术预测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的B细胞、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)和辅助T(Th)细胞的抗原表位.方法从NCBI数据库检索SARS-CoV-2蛋白序列,根据抗原性≥0.5和氨基酸数≥100进行筛选,最终的蛋白序列用于后续的抗原肽的预测.用蛋白质结构预测软件Phyre2进行三维结构的预测、蛋白质模型结构的细化软件GalaxyRefine优化蛋白的三维结构,最后用蛋白质结构同源建模SWISS-MODEL系统对优化后的结构进行准确性评估.蛋白序列用于CTL、Th细胞和线性B细胞抗原肽预测,三维结构用于结构性B细胞抗原预测.免疫表位数据库和分析资源(IEDB)预测SARS-CoV-2的CTL和Th细胞抗原表位,B细胞线性抗原肽预测软件Bepipred Linear Epitope Prediction 2.0和B细胞结构抗原肽预测软件ElliPro-Epitope prediction based upon structural protrusion分别预测B细胞线性和结构抗原肽.结果从NCBI数据库获得了27个SARS-CoV-2的蛋白序列,去掉抗原性<0.5和氨基酸数<100的蛋白质后,最终选定9个蛋白进行后续抗原肽预测.最终获得了24个CTL、20个Th细胞、12个B细胞线性表位和16个B细胞结构表位.结论获得的抗原表位可用于后续多表位疫苗的设计,相较于只针对单种蛋白靶点的抗原表位而言,多靶点抗原表位具有更强的免疫原性,这些抗原表位对SARS-CoV-2疫苗而言,具有一定的参考价值.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81870019)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2018A030313554)+2 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0910601)the National Medical Research Council,Singapore(NMRC/CIRG/1458/2016)a recipient of fellowship support from European Allergy and Clinical Immunology(EAACI)Research Fellowship 2019。
文摘An acute respiratory disease,caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2,previously known as 2019-nCoV),the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention.On 30 January 2020,World Health Organization(WHO)officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern.The emergence of SARS-CoV-2,since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCoV)in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)in 2012,marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century.As of 1 March 2020,a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally,79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China,with 2977 deaths(3.4%)had been reported by WHO.Meanwhile,several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs toβ-coronavirus,with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus,pointing to bat as the natural host.The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)as that for SARS-CoV,and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract.Importantly,increasingly evidence showed sustained human-tohuman transmission,along with many exported cases across the globe.The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever,cough,fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms.The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes,which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and cytokine storm.Currently,there are few specific antiviral strategies,but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation.In this review,we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical characteristics of COVID-19,and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Hepatic involvement is common in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.It is currently accepted that the direct and indirect hepatic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection play a significant role in COVID-19.In individuals with pre-existing infectious and non-infectious liver disease,who are at a remarkably higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 and death,this pathology is most medically relevant.This review emphasizes the current pathways regarded as contributing to the gastrointestinal and hepatic ailments linked to COVID-19-infected patients due to an imbalanced interaction among the liver,systemic inflammation,disrupted coagulation,and the lung.
