Background:Understanding and minimizing existing global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination disparities is critical to global population health and eliminating health inequities.The study aims to investigate...Background:Understanding and minimizing existing global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination disparities is critical to global population health and eliminating health inequities.The study aims to investigate the disparities of vaccination coverage and progression and the associated economic and educational determinants to inform global COVID-19 vaccination strategies.Methods:COVID-19 vaccination coverage data from 206 countries used in the study were derived from“Our World in Data”website.After obtaining the vaccination coverage indicators,we fitted the progression indicators for vaccination.Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the effects of gross domestic product(GDP)per capita,Gini index,education,and their interactions on the coverage and progression of the COVID-19 vaccination.Results:The coverage of COVID-19 vaccination ranged from less than 30 doses to more than 150 doses per hundred people,from less than 15%to more than 75%for proportion of people vaccinated,from less than 15%to more than 60%for proportion of people fully vaccinated.Similarly,the progression of vaccination ranged from less than 0.1 to more than 0.6 for progression of total number of doses,from less than 0.1 to more than 0.3 for progression of proportion of people vaccinated,and from less than 0.1 to more than 0.4 for progression of proportion of people fully vaccinated.GDP per capita and education were positively associated with the coverage and progression,while Gini index was negatively associated with the coverage and progression.Negative interaction between GDP per capita and education was also observed for coverage(0=-0.012 to-0.011,P<0.05)and progression(0=-0.012 to-0.011,P<0.05).Conclusions:Substantial geographic disparities existed for the coverage and progression of COVID-19 vaccination.展开更多
In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a n...In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.展开更多
In this manuscript,the mathematical analysis of corona virus model with time delay effect is studied.Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases has substantial role in the different disciplines such as biological,e...In this manuscript,the mathematical analysis of corona virus model with time delay effect is studied.Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases has substantial role in the different disciplines such as biological,engineering,physical,social,behavioural problems and many more.Most of infectious diseases are dreadful such as HIV/AIDS,Hepatitis and 2019-nCov.Unfortunately,due to the non-availability of vaccine for 2019-nCov around the world,the delay factors like,social distancing,quarantine,travel restrictions,holidays extension,hospitalization and isolation are used as key tools to control the pandemic of 2019-nCov.We have analysed the reproduction number𝐑𝐑𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧of delayed model.Two key strategies from the reproduction number of 2019-nCov model,may be followed,according to the nature of the disease as if it is diminished or present in the community.The more delaying tactics eventually,led to the control of pandemic.Local and global stability of 2019-nCov model is presented for the strategies.We have also investigated the effect of delay factor on reproduction number𝐑R_(nCov).Finally,some very useful numerical results are presented to support the theoretical analysis of the model.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide since its emergence in December 2019.As there is litt...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide since its emergence in December 2019.As there is little or no natural immunity in the human population or specific anti-COVID-19 drugs,researchers from the government,academia and industry are developing vaccines at an unprecedented speed to halt the pandemic.In this review,the results of animal experiments and clinical trials on several vaccine technical platforms are summarized,and several challenges are also discussed to further promote the development,evaluation and application of vaccines during the challenging situation of the global pandemic.展开更多
文摘Background:Understanding and minimizing existing global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination disparities is critical to global population health and eliminating health inequities.The study aims to investigate the disparities of vaccination coverage and progression and the associated economic and educational determinants to inform global COVID-19 vaccination strategies.Methods:COVID-19 vaccination coverage data from 206 countries used in the study were derived from“Our World in Data”website.After obtaining the vaccination coverage indicators,we fitted the progression indicators for vaccination.Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the effects of gross domestic product(GDP)per capita,Gini index,education,and their interactions on the coverage and progression of the COVID-19 vaccination.Results:The coverage of COVID-19 vaccination ranged from less than 30 doses to more than 150 doses per hundred people,from less than 15%to more than 75%for proportion of people vaccinated,from less than 15%to more than 60%for proportion of people fully vaccinated.Similarly,the progression of vaccination ranged from less than 0.1 to more than 0.6 for progression of total number of doses,from less than 0.1 to more than 0.3 for progression of proportion of people vaccinated,and from less than 0.1 to more than 0.4 for progression of proportion of people fully vaccinated.GDP per capita and education were positively associated with the coverage and progression,while Gini index was negatively associated with the coverage and progression.Negative interaction between GDP per capita and education was also observed for coverage(0=-0.012 to-0.011,P<0.05)and progression(0=-0.012 to-0.011,P<0.05).Conclusions:Substantial geographic disparities existed for the coverage and progression of COVID-19 vaccination.
基金supported(in part)by the Entrusted Project of National Center for Medical Service Administration,National Health and Family Planning Commission China(No.[2019]099)the First Level Funding of the Second Medical Leading Talent Project in Hubei Provincethe Special Project for Emergency of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2020YFC0841300)。
文摘In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.
文摘In this manuscript,the mathematical analysis of corona virus model with time delay effect is studied.Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases has substantial role in the different disciplines such as biological,engineering,physical,social,behavioural problems and many more.Most of infectious diseases are dreadful such as HIV/AIDS,Hepatitis and 2019-nCov.Unfortunately,due to the non-availability of vaccine for 2019-nCov around the world,the delay factors like,social distancing,quarantine,travel restrictions,holidays extension,hospitalization and isolation are used as key tools to control the pandemic of 2019-nCov.We have analysed the reproduction number𝐑𝐑𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧𝐧of delayed model.Two key strategies from the reproduction number of 2019-nCov model,may be followed,according to the nature of the disease as if it is diminished or present in the community.The more delaying tactics eventually,led to the control of pandemic.Local and global stability of 2019-nCov model is presented for the strategies.We have also investigated the effect of delay factor on reproduction number𝐑R_(nCov).Finally,some very useful numerical results are presented to support the theoretical analysis of the model.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC0849700)the Program of Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciencethe Major Science and Technology Special Projects of Yunnan Province。
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide since its emergence in December 2019.As there is little or no natural immunity in the human population or specific anti-COVID-19 drugs,researchers from the government,academia and industry are developing vaccines at an unprecedented speed to halt the pandemic.In this review,the results of animal experiments and clinical trials on several vaccine technical platforms are summarized,and several challenges are also discussed to further promote the development,evaluation and application of vaccines during the challenging situation of the global pandemic.