Individualized Isonatremic and Hyponatremic Dialysate Improves Blood Pressure in Patients with Intradialytic Hypertension: A Prospective Cross-Over Study with 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

Background. Intradialytic hypertension, a paradoxical rise in systolic blood pressure from pre- to postdialysis, is a poorly understood and difficult-to-treat phenomenon. We examined the effects of individually adjusted isonatremic and hyponatremic dialysate on intradialytic and interdialytic blood pressure in patients with intradialytic hypertension. Methods. We enrolled 11 patients with intradialytic hypertension in a prospective randomized cross-over study, with 4 treatment periods of different dialysate sodium concentrations. Period 1 (run-in) and 3 (wash-out) were standardized at 140 mEq/L;period 2 and 4 with iso- or hyponatremic sodium dialysate. Blood pressure was recorded each dialysis session, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed at the end of each treatment period. Results. Isonatremic and hyponatremic dialysate were associated with significantly lower pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure as compared to baseline 140 mEq/L dialysate (predialysis 148.3 ± 24.7/67.7 ± 12.0 and 144.4 ± 16.5/68.8 ± 13.3 vs. 158.0 ± 18.3/75.6 ± 11.4 mmHg, resp p = 0.04 and 0.007 for systolic and p = 0.004 and 0.04 for diastolic blood pressure;postdialysis 154.2 ± 25.5/76.6 ± 14.1 and 142.5 ± 20.7/73.0 ± 12.9 vs. 159.1 ± 21.6/80.3 ± 12.1 mmHg, resp NS and p = 0.01 for systolic and NS and p = 0.04 for diastolic blood pressure). Postdialysis and 24 h systolic blood pressure tended to be lower with hyponatremic compared to isonatremic dialysate. Conclusion. Individually tailoring dialysate sodium concentration, based on the sodium set-point of each patient, resulted in a lower pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure in patients with intradialytic hypertension. 24 h blood pressure values tended to be lower as well with hyponatremic dialysate.

Ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring, antihypertensive therapy and the risk of fall injuries in elderly hypertensive patients

BackgroundFall 损害是普通的在之中老。这研究的目的是调查是否血压模式由 24-h 测量了监视的回廊血压( ABPM )，或跟随 24-h ABPM 的 antihypertensive 治疗的增强，可以在高血压的老 patients.MethodsIn 与秋天损害被联系回顾的研究，是的基于社区的老病人(年龄 70 年)指了 24-h ABPM 在一个年 post-ABPM 以内为秋天损害被评估。我们比较了临床的特征， 24-h ABPM 模式和高血压的治疗追随者 24-h ABPM 的增强，在有或没有秋天 injury.ResultsOverall 的病人之间 1032 个高血压的老病人被评估。(5.3%) 55 在跟随 ABPM 的一年有一个秋天损害事件。有秋天损害的病人显著地更老，并且与以前的下降的更高的率。更低的 24-h 心脏舒张的血压(到 2014 年 12 月的 67.3 2011 年 1 月) ， 1164 个病人作为有尖锐大动脉的解剖被识别。corr？？

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure changes in older patients with essential hypertension receiving monotherapy or dual combination antihypertensive drug therapy

Objective To evaluate the differences in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in older patients with hypertension treated with the five major classes of antihypertensive drugs,as monotherapy or dual combination therapy,to improve daytime and nighttime BP control. Methods We enrolled 1920 Chinese community-dwelling outpatients aged ≥ 60 years and compared ambulatory BP values and ambulatory BP control (24-hour BP < 130/80 mmHg;daytime mean BP < 135/85 mmHg;and nighttime mean BP < 120/70 mmHg),as well as nighttime BP dip patterns for monotherapy and dual combination therapy groups. Results Patients’ mean age was 71 years,and 59.5% of patients were women. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) constituted the most common (60.3% of patients) monotherapy,and renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers combined with CCBs was the most common (56.5% of patients) dual combination therapy. Monotherapy with beta-blockers (BB) provided the best daytime BP control. The probabilities of having a nighttime dip pattern and nighttime BP control were higher in patients receiving diuretics compared with CCBs (OR = 0.52,P = 0.05 and OR = 0.41,P = 0.007,respectively). Patients receiving RAS/diuretic combination therapy had a higher probability of having controlled nighttime BP compared with those receiving RAS/CCB (OR = 0.45,P = 0.004). Compared with RAS/diuretic therapy,BB/CCB therapy had a higher probability of achieving daytime BP control (OR = 1.27,P = 0.45). Conclusions Antihypertensive monotherapy and dual combination drug therapy provided different ambulatory BP control and nighttime BP dip patterns. BB-based regimens provided lower daytime BP,whereas diuretic-based therapies provided lower nighttime BP,compared with other antihypertensive regimens.

A survey of recent reports on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

This article is a review of 25 publications on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) and the importance of its results in everyday clinical practice. These studies, published in 2008-2011, were selected from the Scopus database, but are also available in Pubmed. They were prepared by researchers from around the world, concerned with the problems of proper control of blood pressure(BP), and of abnormalities in the circadian pattern of BP in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or renal failure. In the first part of this article, I analyse publications focused on some nuances in the methodology of ABPM and recommend ways to avoid some traps, related not only to the individual patient but also to the device used and the technical staff. The next section is devoted to the advantages of ABPM as a diagnostic tool which enables clinicians to learn about patients' BP during sleep, and emphasizes the practical implications of this information for so-called chronotherapy. This section also presents some new studies on the prognostic value of ABPM in patients with cardiovascular(CV) risk. Some recent articles on the results of various methods of pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension in different agegroups are then described. The observations presented in this article may be helpful not only for researchers interested in the chronobiology of the CV system, but also for general practitioners using ABPM.

Could Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Be a Routine Investigation for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment?

Objectives: To study the ambulatory measured blood pressure (ABPM) profile in normotensive patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients and Methods: The study was designed as a case control study including 50male patients with mild cognitive impairment in the age group of 30 - 50 years old. The control group included 30 volunteers with no cognitive impairment and in the same age group (30 - 50 years old) and same gender. Mini-mental estate examination, office and ABP monitoring (ABPM) and brain MRI scans were done for cases and controls. Results: Thirty patients (60%) with MCI revealed a non-dipper blood pressure pattern. Sleeping systolic blood pressure and sleeping systolic load were significantly higher in patients with MCI than in normal volunteers (p = 0.01). MRI brain showed more white matter lesions (WMLs) in patients with MCI than in normal volunteers;however, this didn’t reach significance level (p = 0.056). Conclusion: MCI in normotensive young adult patients could reflect an abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring could be an essential investigation in young adult MCI patients.

The Clinical Application of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Pediatrics

Management of hypertension (HTN) largely relies on proper and accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP). Even following the criteria for HTN diagnosis defined in the Fourth report on high BP in children and adolescents, inaccurate diagnosis and misdiagnosis can occur with white coat effect and masked HTN. The use of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) has been increasing in pediatrics in the last 20 years. The main use of ABPM is to differentiate between sustained HTN and white coat HTN in patients who have elevated casual BP measurements and to detect masked HTN in high risk patients. ABPM is most useful in patients with casual BP within 20% of the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height. This report will highlight the use of ABPM in the evaluation of elevated BP and management of HTN in pediatrics. The discussion includes a review of various non-invasive BP measuring techniques, a description of ABPM and ABPM-unique data and diagnoses, updated ABPM clinical data more specific to pediatrics, its use in HTN clinical trials, and future outlook and direction of ABPM in pediatrics.

老年人群24h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能相关性

目的研究老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能(CVR)的相关性。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至12月到济南市妇幼保健院行24 h动态血压监测的300例老年受试者,依据监测结果分为A组、B组和C组。A组158例为清晨血压升高的高血压患者,男88例,女70例,年龄(66.02±4.35)岁;B组74例为清晨血压正常的高血压患者,男41例,女33例,年龄(65.42±4.42)岁;C组68例为血压正常者,男37例,女31例,年龄(65.77±4.38)岁。以两侧大脑中动脉屏气指数均值<0.69%为CVR减低,屏气指数均值≥0.69%为CVR正常,将300例受试者分为CVR降低组(52例)和CVR正常组(248例)。比较A、B、C 3组患者的临床资料,CVR指标;比较CVR降低组、CVR正常组一般资料,行单因素分析、多因素分析和相关性分析。采用F检验、独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、logistic回归分析和Pearson相关性分析。结果300例24 h动态血压监测的老年受试者,清晨血压升高的高血压患者158例,占52.67%;清晨血压正常的高血压患者74例,占24.67%;血压正常者68例,占22.67%。3组收缩压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值)、晨峰指数:A组>B组>C组(均P<0.05);舒张压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值):A组>B组、C组(均P<0.05),B组、C组舒张压比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。CVR:A组[(21.37±7.89)%]<B组[(25.58±8.14)%]<C组[(28.56±8.10)%](均P<0.05);屏气指数:A组[(0.89±0.23)%]<B组[(1.13±0.21)%]、C组[(1.20±0.24)%](均P<0.05),B组、C组屏气指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脉动指数:A组[(1.49±0.36)]>B组[(1.15±0.31)]、C组[(1.06±0.29)](均P<0.05),B组、C组脉动指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CVR降低组年龄[(73.14±3.21)岁]、清晨收缩压[(132.42±9.64)mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、清晨舒张压[(68.85±6.59)mmHg]均高于CVR正常组[(64.28±4.36)岁、(121.58±7.26)mmHg、(65.36±7.23)mmHg](均P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均为CVR降低的影响因素(均P<0.05)。清晨收缩压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05);清晨舒张压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压患者占比较大,清晨高血压患者CVR、屏气指数较低,脉动指数较高,清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均与屏气指数呈负相关,与脉动指数呈正相关。

24 h动态血压监测在中青年新发高血压患者中的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨24 h动态血压监测在中青年新发高血压患者中的诊断价值。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年1月上海市长宁区天山中医医院收治的120例中青年新发高血压患者作为观察组,将同期健康体检人群120例作为对照组。两组均实施血压检测,比较两组24 h偶测血压、动态血压以及观察组不同高血压分级患者偶测血压、动态血压。结果:观察组偶测血压、24 h血压、白昼血压、夜间血压高于对照组,两组24 h血压、白昼血压、夜间血压均低于同组偶测血压,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组3个亚组(高血压Ⅰ级组、高血压Ⅱ级组、高血压Ⅲ级组)24 h血压、白昼血压、夜间血压均低于同组偶测血压,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:24 h动态血压监测在中青年新发高血压患者中的诊断价值较好,可帮助医师精确掌握患者整日血压变化,从而指导患者进行合理治疗。

Characteristic of Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Normotensive Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objectives To observe the characteristic of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in normotensive diabetic subjects with normoalbuminuria or microalbuminuria. Methods Fifty-two normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes received ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were divided into normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric groups according to their albumin excretion rate, the other 28 normotensive subjects without diabetes were contributed as control group. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed on a working day and measurement of blood pressure circadian rhythm was analyzed. Results Normotensive microalbuminuric diabetic patients had higher night-time systolic blood pressure and more blood pressure burden than normotensive normoalbuminuric diabetic patients. Additionally, the microalbuminuric patients had a higher frequency of non-dippers than normoalbuminuric ones, although they were all normotensive. Compared to the normotensive non-diabetic control subjects, the night- time systolic blood pressure and frequency of non- dippers of the normoalbuminuric diabetic patients were significantly higher. Conclusions Intensive attention should be paid in control of blood pressure in diabetic patients to prevent and limit damage of target organ including kidney, even in those normotensive subjects.

多系统萎缩和帕金森病患者24 h动态血压特点分析

目的研究多系统萎缩(MSA)和帕金森病(PD)患者的24 h血压水平、变异性及昼夜节律情况。方法分析2016-01—2021-01北京天坛医院收治的82例MSA患者(MSA组)及年龄、性别1∶1匹配的82例PD患者(PD组)的临床资料及24 h动态血压参数。比较2组患者的血压水平、变异性及昼夜节律情况。结果(1)MSA组24 h最低收缩压(SBP)和夜间最低SBP高于PD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)MSA组平均SBP夜间高于日间,平均舒张压(DBP)夜间高于日间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PD组日间与夜间平均SBP、日间与夜间平均DBP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)MSA组伴直立性低血压比率高于PD组[55例(67.1%)比23例(28.0%)],伴晨峰血压增高患者比率低于PD组[10例(12.2%)比21例(25.6%)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)2组患者24 h/日间/夜间平均SBP和DBP、24 h/日间/夜间最高SBP和DBP、日间最低SBP和DBP、24 h最低DBP、夜间最低DBP、晨峰平均SBP和DBP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组24 h高血压[34例(41.5%)比34例(41.5%)]、日间高血压[18例(22.0%)比18例(22.0%)]及夜间高血压发生率[66例(80.5%)比59例(72.0%)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组24 h、日间及夜间平均SBP和DBP的变异率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者血压节律均以反勺型最多见[56例(68.3%)比52例(63.4%)],其次为非勺型[23例(28.0%)比23例(28.0%)],勺型少见[3例(3.7%)比7例(8.5%)],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论MSA患者夜间血压明显高于日间血压、伴直立性低血压更多见,在与PD鉴别中具有重要意义。MSA和PD患者血压水平、变异性及昼夜节律较为相似,均表现为病理性昼夜节律,夜间高血压较为普遍。

原发性高血压伴发不同慢性病患者24h动态血压变化特征及综合分析

目的探讨原发性高血压伴发不同慢性病患者24h动态血压变化特征。方法回顾性分析2017年2月至2020年3月佛山市第一人民医院健康管理中心收治的300例原发性高血压伴发不同慢性病患者的临床资料。比较原发性高血压伴发不同慢性病(冠心病、糖尿病、慢性肝炎或肝硬化、慢性肾功能不全、慢性心力衰竭、慢阻肺、类风湿关节炎、再生障碍性贫血、消化性溃疡)患者的24h动态血压,Logistic回归分析原发性高血压伴发不同慢性病与24h动态血压的关系。结果不同慢性病患者24h收缩压、24h舒张压、脉压、昼间收缩压、昼间舒张压、夜间收缩压及夜间舒张压比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,脉压、24h舒张压、夜间舒张压、夜间收缩压、昼间舒张压均为高血压患者慢性病伴发不同慢性病的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论联合血压指标可评估原发性高血压患者伴慢性病的风险,其中脉压的评估价值最高。

Night time blood pressure dip

The advent of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring permitted examination of blood pressures during sleep and recognition of the associated circadian fall in pressure during this period. The fall in pressure,called the "dip",is defined as the difference between daytime mean systolic pressure and nighttime mean systolic pressure expressed as a percentage of the day value. Ten percent to 20% is considered normal. Dips less than 10%,referred to as blunted or absent,have been considered as predicting an adverse cardiovascular event. This view and the broader concept that white coat hypertension itself is a forerunner of essential hypertension is disputable. This editorial questions whether mean arterial pressures over many hours accurately represent the systolic load,whether nighttime dipping varies from measure to measure or is a fixed phenomenon,whether the abrupt morning pressure rise is a risk factor or whether none of these issues are as important as the actual night time systolic blood pressure itself. The paper discusses the difference between medicated and nonmedicated white coat hypertensives in regard to the cardiovascular risk and suggests that further work is necessary to consider whether the quality and duration of sleep are important factors.

高血压心肌缺血患者动态心电图联合24 h动态血压监测的价值

目的分析动态心电图联合24 h动态血压监测在高血压心肌缺血中的监测效果。方法选择2020年8月至2021年8月北京航天总医院心血管内科收治的123例高血压心肌缺血患者为观察组,选择2019年7月至2020年7月收治的122例高血压心肌缺血患者为对照组,两组患者均行动态血压监测及24 h动态心电图监测。观察两组患者心肌缺血发生率、昼夜收缩压(dSBP/nSBP)、昼夜舒张压(dDBP/nDBP)、昼夜心率(dHR/nHR)及ST段下移持续时间、下移幅度及心肌缺血阈变异性情况。结果观察组心肌缺血发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中有心肌缺血患者的dSBP低于无心肌缺血组患者,dHR、nSBP、nHR高于无心肌缺血组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组中,有心肌缺血组患者dSBP、nSBP低于无心肌缺血组患者,nHR高于无心肌缺血组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组有心肌缺血组患者的dSBP、nSBP高于对照组有心肌缺血组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组无心肌缺血组患者的dDBP、低于对照组无心肌缺血组患者,nSBP高于对照组无心肌缺血组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组白昼、夜间的ST段下移持续时间、下移幅度及心肌缺血阈变异性长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论动态心电图、24 h动态血压监测联合应用可提高高血压心肌缺血诊断率,可同步观察患者心率、血压与心肌缺血间的关系,为临床诊治高血压心肌缺血提供有力依据。

Effects of seasonal variation on blood pressure nocturnal fall in hypertensive patients

Objective Knowledge of seasonal variation of circadian blood pressure(BP)rhythm is still limited.The present study aimed to evaluate the seasonal influences on circadian BP variation based on a telemonitoring system in a large-scale hypertensive patients.Methods Between May 2017 and March 2018,10,988 participants received ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM),of which the values were automatically and immediately transmitted through the mobile internet to a Hypertension Management Cloud Platform which stored and analyzed the data.The patients from 63 centers residing in the northern cities of China and measured in summer(June-August)and winter(December-February)were included in the analyses.

The relation between prognosis and nocturnal blood pressure variation in hypertensive patients with lacunar infarct

Objective We conducted a study using MRI and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) to determine whether an in-apporpriately low nocturnal blood pressure, or an excess fall in nocturnal blood pressure, might be responsible for lacunar infarct. Method ABPM and Casul blood pressure(CBP) were examined in 35 hypertentives with lacunar infarct(LI)and 33 hypertentives without lacunar infarct as control group. Results There is no significant difference of CBP between two groups. But the mean nighttime systolic blood pressure (nSBP) and diastolic blood pressure (nDBP) in patients with lacunar infarct were significantly smaller than in patients without lacunar infarct. The ratio of nSBP/dSBP and nDBP/dDBP in SI were smaller than in control group respectively. Conclusions The results indicate that an inap-propriately low nocturnal blood pressure, or an excessive fall in nocturnal blood pressure, is associated with lacunar infarct. It is necessary not only to control high blood pressure but also to pay attention to circadian changes of blood pressure during the course of anti-hypertensive treatment.

The Relationship between Abnormal Circadian Blood Pressure Rhythm and Risk of Readmission in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Objective:Abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm has been revealed to be associated with hypertensive target organ damage and cardiovascular events,but its association with readmission risk in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)remains unknown.We conducted a retrospective study to explore the relationship between circadian blood pressure rhythm and readmission risk in HFpEF patients.Methods:We retrospectively collected baseline and follow-up data on HFpEF patients who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)from May 2015 to October 2019.Patient circadian blood pressure rhythms defi ned by ABPM were grouped as dipper,nondipper,or riser patterns.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between circadian blood pressure rhythm and readmission risk.Results:A total of 122 patients were enrolled in this study.The mean age and ejection fraction were 69.87 years and 61.44%,respectively,with mean the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level being 1048.15 pg/mL.There were signifi cant differences in the 24-hour systolic blood pressure(SBP),sleep SBP,and sleep diastolic blood pressure(DBP)among the three groups,where the 24-hour SBP,sleep SBP,and sleep DBP in the riser pattern group were markedly higher than in the dipper pattern group.Notably,serum NT-proBNP levels,the proportion of patients readmitted for heart failure and the mean number of admissions differed markedly among three groups.Instructively,multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the riser pattern was a signifi cant and independent risk factor for increased serum NT-proBNP level(β=929.16,95%confi dence interval 178.79–1679.53,P=0.016).In multivariate logistic regression analysis,the riser pattern was demonstrated to be a signifi cant risk factor for readmission(odds ratio 11.23,95%confi dence interval 2.01–62.67,P=0.006)in HFpEF patients.Conclusion:The riser blood pressure pattern is a potential risk factor for elevated serum NT-proBNP level and readmission in HFpEF patients.

Predictive Value of Blood Pressure,Heart Rate,and Blood Pressure/Heart Rate Ratio in a Chinese Subpopulation with Vasovagal Syncope

Objective:The head-up tilt test(HUTT)is widely used but is time-consuming and not cost-effective to evaluate patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS).The present study aims to verify the hypothesis that ambulatory blood pressure(BP)monitoring(ABPM)and the simplistic tilt test may be potential alternatives to the HUTT.Methods:The study consecutively enrolled 360 patients who underwent the HUTT to evaluate VVS.BP),heart rate(HR),and BP/HR ratios derived from ABPM and the simplistic tilt test were evaluated to predict the presence,pattern,and stage of syncope during the HUTT.Results:Mixed response was the commonest pattern,and syncope occurred frequently with infusion of isoproterenol at a rate of 3μg/min.During the simplistic tilt test,the cardioinhibitory group had higher tilted BP/HR ratios than the vasodepressor group,while the vasodepressor group had a faster tilted HR and a larger HR difference than the cardioinhibitory group.The higher the BP/HR ratio in the tilted position,the higher the isoproterenol dosage needed to induce a positive response.During ABPM,BP/HR ratios were signifi cantly higher in the cardioinhibitory group than in the vasodepressor group.The higher the ABPM-derived BP,the higher the dosage of isoproterenol needed to induce syncope.There were signifi cant correlations in BP/HR ratios between ABPM and the supine position in the vasodepressor group,while signifi cant correlation was found only for the diastolic BP/HR ratio between ABPM and the tilted position in the cardioinhibitory group.The mixed pattern shared correlative features of the other two patterns.Conclusion:ABPM and the simplistic tilt test might be used as promising alternatives to the HUTT in VVS evaluation in clinical settings.

24 h动态血压监测联合血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平对子痫前期孕妇围生期结局的预测价值

目的探讨24 h动态血压监测联合血清N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、T-钙黏合素(T-cadherin)水平对子痫前期(PE)孕妇围生期结局的预测价值。方法选择PE孕妇196例,根据围生期结局分为结局不良组128例、结局良好组68例。所有孕妇入组次日,接受24 h动态血压监测,采集外周静脉血,离心留取血清,检测血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin。比较两组24 h动态血压参数及血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析PE孕妇围生期结局不良的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析24 h动态血压参数及血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平对PE孕妇围生期结局的预测价值。结果结局不良组24 h、日间、夜间收缩压(SBP)及其负荷值和24 h、日间、夜间舒张压(DBP)及其负荷值以及血清NT-proBNP水平均显著高于结局良好组(P均<0.05),而血清T-cadherin水平显著低于结局良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,夜间SBP负荷值、重度PE、血清NT-proBNP水平是PE孕妇围生期结局不良的独立危险因素,而血清T-cadherin水平则为其独立保护因素(P均<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,夜间SBP负荷值及血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平单独和联合预测PE孕妇围生期结局不良的曲线下面积分别为0.759、0.666、0.687、0.921,夜间SBP负荷值及血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平联合预测PE孕妇围生期结局不良的曲线下面积显著高于三者单独(P均<0.05)。结论PE孕妇围生期结局不良者夜间SBP负荷值和血清NT-proBNP水平显著升高,血清T-cadherin水平显著降低;夜间SBP负荷值及血清NT-proBNP、T-cadherin水平对PE孕妇围生期结局不良均有一定预测价值,三者联合预测价值更高。

24 h血压动态监测仪在冠心病合并高血压患者中的应用效果分析

目的 探讨24 h血压动态检测仪应用于冠心病合并高血压患者中的价值。方法 选择60例冠心病合并高血压患者作为观察组,另选择同期60例单纯高血压患者作为对照组,两组均采用24 h血压动态监测仪监测24 h血压、脉压。比较两组血压情况、脉压及脉压指数。结果 观察组夜间收缩压(SBP)(143.35±12.44)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)高于对照组的(137.50±11.35)mm Hg,白昼舒张压(DBP)(78.24±11.06)mm Hg、夜间DBP(76.18±9.33)mm Hg、24 h DBP(77.43±10.46)mm Hg、白昼平均动脉压(MAP)(100.17±9.33)mm Hg、24 h MAP(99.84±8.33)mm Hg低于对照组的(85.34±10.74)、(80.42±8.96)、(84.18±9.82)、(105.64±9.86)、(103.61±8.64)mm Hg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组24 h SBP、白昼SBP、夜间MAP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组白昼脉压、夜间脉压、24 h脉压、白昼脉压指数、夜间脉压指数、24 h脉压指数分别为(67.30±12.40)mm Hg、(67.36±12.39)mm Hg、(67.20±11.85)mm Hg、(0.47±0.06)、(0.48±0.06)、(0.47±0.07),均高于对照组的(60.22±10.81)mm Hg、(58.64±12.73)mm Hg、(59.36±10.77)mm Hg、(0.42±0.05)、(0.41±0.05)、(0.42±0.05),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 24 h血压动态监测仪可动态观察患者的血压及脉压,其在冠心病合并高血压病诊治中具有重要价值。

Blood Pressure Variability and Its Relationship with Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients with Essential Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: To investigate blood pressure variability of Elder hypertensives with type 2 diabetes and its relationship with cognition. Methods: A total of 143 elderly hypertensives were enrolled and divided into diabetic group (59 cases) and non-diabetic group (84 cases). The difference of general clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters, carotid ultrasound, a neuropsychological Scales and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (24hABPM) parameters between the two groups of subjects were compared. Then, the two groups (diabetic group and non-diabetic group) were further divided into (Mild cognitive dysfunction) subgroup (MMSE>26) and normal cognition subgroup (MMSE≤26), respectively. On the basis of MMSE scores, the difference of the parameters of ABPM between the two subgroups was analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, 24hSBP, 24hPP, dSBP, dPP, nSBP, nPP, 24hSSD, dSSD, nSSD, 24hSCV, dSCV and nSCV were significantly higher in the diabetic group (p<0.05). However, cognition was lower in the diabetic group. No significant difference was found in the circadian pattern of blood pressure between the two groups. 24hSSD, dSSD, nSSD, 24hSCV, dSCV, nSCV were significantly higher in the MCI subgroup than normal cognition subgroup in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups(p<0.05), and they were negatively associated with scores of MMSE, the correlation coefficient were -0.235,-0.246,-0.341,-0.158,-0.222,-0.238 (0.001≤P<0.05). Conclusion: The study showed that in the elderly with hypertension, the mean systolic blood pressure and blood pressure variability were both higher in the diabetic group, and the cognition was lower instead. Whether or not with diabetes, blood pressure variability was always higher in the MCI subgroup. Blood pressure variability increased in patients with diabetes, and was associated with cognitive decline.