Research progress of 24-hour movement behaviors in chronic non-communicable disease

Chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)represent a significant impediment to improve life expectancy and remain a focal point in global public health and disease prevention efforts.24-hour movement behaviors,which include sleep,sedentary behavior(SED),and physical activity,underscore the inherent connections between different daily activities and the comprehensive impact of overall movement patterns on health.Evidence suggested that modifying patterns of 24-hour movement behaviors can aid in preventing and attenuating the progression of NCDs.This study systematically delineated the concept,evolution,analytical methods,and intrinsic associations of 24-hour movement behaviors,emphasizing their pivotal role in the prevention and management of NCDs such as obesity,mental disorders,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and renal diseases.Future research endeavors should focus on refining methodologies,broadening study populations,developing research tools,and exploring precise intervention strategies and interdisciplinary approaches to comprehensively enhance the effectiveness of NCDs prevention and management from a temporal perspective.Such efforts are poised to provide substantive guidance and support for public health practices.

Association between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Psychological Features of Chinese Emerging Adults

Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.

Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and quality of life among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

Background:The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior(24-HMB)guidelines suggest that a limited amount of screen time use,an adequate level of physical activity(PA),and sufficient sleep duration are beneficial for ensuring and optimizing the health and quality of life(QoL)of children and adolescents.However,this topic has yet to be examined for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)specifically.The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and several QoLrelated indicators among a national sample of American children and adolescents with ASD.Methods:Data were taken from the 2020 U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health dataset.Participants(n=956)aged 617 years and currently diagnosed with ASD were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines.Outcomes were QoL indicators,including learning interest/curiosity,repeating grades,adaptive ability,victimization by bullying,and behavioral problems.Categorical variables were described with unweighted sample counts and weighted percentages.Age,sex,race,preterm birth status,medication,behavioral treatment,household poverty level,and the educational level of the primary caregivers were included as covariates.Odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were used to present the strength of association between adherence to 24-HMB guidelines and QoL-related indicators.Results:Overall,452 participants(45.34%)met 1 of the 3 recommendations,216(22.65%)met 2 recommendations,whereas only 39 participants(5.04%)met all 3 recommendations.Compared with meeting none of the recommendations,meeting both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.639.48,p<0.001)or all 3 recommendations(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.034.35,p=0.04)was associated with higher odds of showing learning interest/curiosity.Meeting both screen time and PA recommendations(OR=0.15,95%CI:0.040.61,p<0.05)or both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.070.87,p<0.05)was associated with lower odds of repeating any grades.With respect to adaptive ability,participants who met only the PA recommendation of the 24-HMB were less likely to have difficulties dressing or bathing(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.020.66,p<0.05)than those who did not.For participants who met all 3 recommendations(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.150.99,p=0.05),the odds of being victimized by bullying was lower.Participants who adhered to both sleep duration and PA recommendations were less likely to present with severe behavioral problems(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.040.71,p<0.05)than those who did not meet those guidelines.Conclusion:Significant associations were found between adhering to 24-HMB guidelines and selected QoL indicators.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle as a key factor in promoting and preserving the QoL of children with ASD.

Levels and correlates of 24-hour movement behaviors among South Koreans:Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys,2014 and 2015

Purpose.This study aimed to examine the levels and correlates of 24-h movement behaviors(i.e.,physical activity,sedentary time,and sleep),and different patterns of these behaviors in a nationally representative sample of South Koreans aged 12 years and older.This study also aimed to examine the sociodemographic correlates of 24?h movement behaviors stratified by age groups.Methods.Self-reported,repeated cross-sectional data from 10,708 participants in the 2014 and 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys were used.Key variables included moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity,muscular strengthening exercises,walking,active transportation,sedentary time,and sleep.Sociodemographic variables included age,sex,household income,area of residence,and education level.Descriptive statistics by sex and age as well as general linear models by age group were performed.Results.The proportions of individuals meeting the moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity,muscular strengthening exercises,and sleep guidelines were,respectively,21.6%,22.1%,and 32.5%in male youth;6.9%,4.5%,and 22.8%in female youth;55.5%,30.8%,and 54.0%in male adults;48.8%,14.4%,and 57.6%in female adults;44.0%,30.6%,and 45.5%in male older adults;and 29.5%,8.9%,and 37.3%in female older adults.The proportions of individuals showing the most ideal combinations of 24-h movement behaviors were only 3.2%in youth,0.4%in adults,and 0 in older adults.Universally,older age,female sex,or living in metro Seoul were associated with unfavorable patterns of 24-h movement behaviors across different age groups.However,the associations of income and education with movement behaviors were mixed across age groups.Conclusion.Overall,the proportion of South Koreans with a healthy 24-h movement behavior pattern is low.The sociodemographic correlates of different types of 24-h movement behaviors should be considered when designing targeted interventions for the promotion of healthy active living for South Koreans.

超重肥胖大学生24小时活动指南依从性及其心理健康问题研究

目的:考察中国超重肥胖大学生24小时活动指南依从和心理健康问题(压力、焦虑和抑郁)的人口统计学特征,探究活动指南依从与压力、焦虑和抑郁之间的关联,以及特征自我控制是否在上述关联中起到中介作用。方法:采用纵向前瞻性设计,对456名超重肥胖大学生完成两个时间点的数据收集,包含基线的自评24小时活动行为(身体活动、久坐及睡眠)和人口统计学变量,以及间隔2个月后的自评压力、焦虑和抑郁水平。结果:在24小时活动指南方面,男性、低年级以及父母教育水平较高的学生在活动指南方面的依从情况更好。女性以及高年级被试的心理健康问题主要表现为压力、焦虑和抑郁水平更高。此外,活动指南依从反向显著预测超重肥胖大学生的压力、焦虑及抑郁水平。特质自我控制对24小时活动依从与心理健康问题之间的关系起到部分中介作用。结论:未来应制定相关健康政策,采取科学有效的干预措施,以帮助中国超重肥胖大学生提高身体活动量、降低久坐、确保充足睡眠,进而提升其心理健康水平。

24小时活动行为:老年人健康影响因素研究的新方向

24 h活动行为包括身体活动、久坐行为及睡眠,国内外研究发现老年人普遍存在身体活动少、久坐、睡眠不足的问题,已有研究证明合理分配24 h活动行为是改善老年人不良健康结局的重要措施,但目前对于老年人24 h活动行为的相关研究仍处于探索阶段。本文结合现有的研究从24 h活动行为的概念、理论发展、分析方法以及其与老年人不良健康结局的关系进行综述。未来需要积极开展相关研究,深入探讨并量化24 h活动行为对老年人健康产生的影响,形成能够发挥老年人最大健康效益的24 h活动行为组合,开发准确的评估工具,以促进积极老龄化和健康老龄化。

基于体质健康的多指标联合ROC曲线法建立儿童青少年24 h活动行为推荐量的探索性研究

目的:采用多指标联合ROC曲线方法对24 h活动行为的推荐量进行探索性研究,并与其他方法的推荐量进行比较。方法:在全国7个地区选取435名儿童青少年为研究对象,采用加速度计测量身体活动,问卷调查视屏时间(screen time,ST)和睡眠(sleep,SLP),从身体成分、心肺耐力、柔韧性、力量、速度和协调灵敏性等方面评价体质健康水平。使用成分数据的分析方法对24 h活动行为进行描述和变换。采用线性回归、二元逻辑回归和ROC曲线法探索24 h活动行为推荐量。采用准确率和Kappa值检验准确性和一致性,采用协方差分析比较满足不同项目推荐量的体质健康水平差异。结果:1)控制年龄、性别和家庭社会经济状况后,非视屏静坐(non-screen-time sedentary behavior,Non-ST SB)与体质健康呈负相关,低强度身体活动(light-intensityphysicalactivity,LPA)和中高强度身体活动(moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity,MVPA)与体质健康呈正相关;2)多指标联合的预测模型ROC曲线下面积为0.710,高于所有单项指标且有统计学意义。联合指标预测值最佳切点值为0.38,对应的SLP为568.49 min/d,ST为130.00 min/d,Non-ST SB为584.92 min/d,LPA为99.92 min/d,MVPA为56.67 min/d;3)多指标联合预测的效果最好,准确率为88.72%,精确率为78.43%,召回率为90.91%,Kappa一致性系数为0.76。满足多指标联合推荐量的被试体质健康评分最高,且呈现随着满足项目数的增多,体质健康评分逐渐上升的趋势(Ptrend<0.001)。结论:研究采用的成分数据结合多指标联合ROC曲线法准确性和一致性较高,满足该方法的推荐量与较高的体质健康水平有关。

基于体质健康、心理健康及执行功能的我国儿童青少年24 h活动推荐量研究

目的:运用最佳时区的分析方法探究我国儿童青少年24 h活动推荐量,验证满足该推荐量对于儿童青少年体质健康、心理健康及执行功能的影响,并以此推荐量为标准,分析我国儿童青少年24 h活动的达标情况。方法:以广州、武汉、长沙三地的1736名儿童青少年为研究对象,将其随机分为推荐量组和验证组,采用加速度传感器测量24 h活动,24 h活动包括中高强度身体活动(moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,MVPA)、低强度身体活动(light-intensity physical activity,LPA)、久坐行为(sedentary behavior,SED)、睡眠(sleep,SLP)。运用《国家学生体质健康标准(2014版)》评估体质健康水平,采用调查问卷评价心理健康及执行功能。通过构建回归模型、组建24 h活动组合、预测结局变量等步骤,明确24 h活动最佳时长与区间,采用线性回归模型对24 h活动达标与结局指标之间的关系进行分析。结果:推荐量组样本的测试与调查结果显示,24 h活动组合与体质健康(小学生:F=11.342,P<0.05;中学生:F=15.051,P<0.001)、心理健康(小学生:F=3.613,P<0.05;中学生:F=4.315,P<0.01)及执行功能(小学生:F=4.365,P<0.01;中学生:F=6.973,P<0.001)显著相关。在关系明晰的基础上提出小学生24 h活动的最佳时长与区间为MVPA 62 min(40~70 min)、LPA 270 min(240~310 min)、SED 480 min(420~600 min)、SLP 630 min(520~650 min),中学生24 h活动最佳时长与区间为MVPA 66 min(40~80 min)、LPA 246 min(220~290 min)、SED 552 min(480~630 min)、SLP 576 min(490~610 min)。结合验证组样本进行检验发现,相对于未达标群体而言,24 h活动达标与儿童青少年的体质水平呈显著正相关(小学生:β=6.17,P<0.05;中学生:β=5.32,P<0.01),与心理健康异常(小学生:β=−0.86,P<0.05;中学生:β=−1.04,P<0.001)以及执行功能障碍(小学生:β=−2.12,P<0.01;中学生:β=−1.35,P<0.01)呈显著负相关。以此推荐量为标准,在验证组中仅11.5%的小学生和7.7%的中学生4种行为同时达到了24 h活动推荐量的标准。结论:研究基于体质健康、心理健康及执行功能首次提出了我国儿童青少年的24 h活动推荐量,并验证了其科学性与合理性,可为我国儿童青少年24 h活动指南的制定及健康合理生活方式的形成提供重要的参考依据。

24h活动行为与4~6岁儿童执行功能:基于具身认知的成分等时替代分析

目的:研究基于具身认知理论,利用成分数据分析法综合探究24 h活动行为(24-hour Movement Behavior)与儿童执行功能(Executive function,EF)的关系,并进一步分析不同活动成分在等时替代后对EF的影响。方法:103名4~6岁儿童(女童50名,男童53名)通过ActiGraph wGT3-BT加速度计和主观睡眠报告测量24 h活动行为,利用E-prime3编制的执行功能任务范式评估其EF,统计分析过程均由RStudio软件完成。结果:(1)儿童的中高强度身体活动(Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity,MVPA)未达到世界卫生组织推荐标准,而静态行为(Sedentary Behaviour,SB)时间偏长,MVPA与低强度身体活动(Light Physical Activity,LPA)有转换可能性,但MVPA时间整体较为稳定;(2)24 h活动行为与执行功能相关,MVPA、睡眠(Sleep Period,SP)与执行功能呈正相关,静态行为与执行功能呈负相关,LPA与执行功能无显著关系;(3)当MVPA等时替代静态行为、LPA可显著提升执行功能,替代LPA效益最高,反之,若MVPA被静态行为、LPA替代,执行功能快速下降。结论:本研究从具身认知的视角明确指出,24 h活动行为,特别是MVPA和睡眠,在儿童执行功能的发展中扮演重要角色。建议在儿童教育实践和家庭教育中全面和系统地考虑活动行为,特别是优化MVPA和确保充足的睡眠,以有效提升儿童的执行功能。研究不仅为教育实践提供了重要参考,还进一步强化了具身认知理论的应用。

大学生24 h活动行为和心肺适能关系的成分数据分析

目的:运用成分数据分析探究大学生24 h活动行为与心肺适能(cardiorespiratory fitness,CRF)的关系,以及各活动行为间等时替代后CRF的预测变化。方法:数据来源于“上海体育大学校友健康队列研究”。共纳入1039名大学生[男生517人,女生522人,平均年龄(21.46±0.9)岁]作为研究对象。使用ActiGraph GT3X+三轴加速度计测量久坐行为(sedentary behavior,SB)、轻体力活动(light physical activity,LPA)和中高强度体力活动(moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,MVPA)及自主报告的方式采集睡眠数据。通过功率自行车进行有氧代谢测试以评估CRF,利用双能X射线吸收仪评估受试者的身体成分。采用成分数据分析探究24 h活动行为与CRF的关系,并以成分等时替代模型探究各项活动行为时间相互替代后,CRF的预测变化情况。结果:1)调整混杂因素后,结果表明24 h活动行为与CRF有显著关联。相对其他活动行为,MVPA和CRF成正相关,SB与CRF成负相关,未发现睡眠和LPA与CRF的关联。2)亚组分析显示调整混杂因素后发现,高体脂率组和非体育生组与上述结果一致;低体脂率组和体育生组未发现各分量与CRF相关。3)在等时替代结果中,MVPA等时替代其他活动行为,CRF增加的幅度要远小于其他活动行为等时替代MVPA时CRF下降时的幅度。结论:MVPA和SB行为是影响大学生CRF的主要因素,相对于简单地控制SB行为,更应鼓励将更多SB行为转成MVPA行为,尤其是高体脂率的学生。

幼儿24 h活动行为对基本动作技能影响的成分等时替代效益

目的应用成分数据分析方法研究幼儿24 h活动行为(24-hour Movement Behavior)与基本动作技能(Fundamental Movement Skills,FMS)之间的关联,以及各活动行为间等时替代后幼儿FMS的预期变化。方法采用ActiGraph wGT3-BT加速度计测量323名3~6岁幼儿(男童181名,女童142名)的身体活动(Physical Activity,PA)、静态行为(Sedentary Behaviour,SB)数据,采用美国大肌肉动作发展测试第3版工具(Test of Gross Motor Development,TGMD-3)测量FMS,睡眠时间由父母报告,成分数据的描述性统计分析、多元线性模型和等时替代均采用R软件完成。结果①幼儿24 h活动时间分布与动作发展关联紧密,中高强度身体活动(Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity,MVPA)在成分之间分布相对稳定,与低强度身体活动(Light Physical Activity,LPA)转换的可能性更大;②幼儿MVPA对移动技能和总动作技能(Total Motor Skill,Total MS)的影响最大,MVPA等时替代其他行为均具有积极效益,其中替换LPA效果最为明显,其他行为等时替代MVPA预示着更低的动作能力,而且预测具有不对称性。结论虽然MVPA对幼儿动作发展影响最大,但更需要从整体视角平衡24 h活动行为对动作发展的影响;在幼儿园、家庭和社区环境中,强调将幼儿的LPA转换为MVPA,以更好地促进其FMS发展。

Interdialytic 24-Hours Ambulatory Blood Pressure versus Dialysis Unit Blood Pressure for the Diagnosis of Electrocardiographic-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chronic Hemodialysis Black Patients

Background and Aim: In hemodialysis patients, 24-hours interdialytic ABPM better detects TOD than dialysis unit blood pressure. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of 24-hours ABPM vs. dialysis unit BPs for the diagnosis of ECG-LVH in steady state chronic hemodialysis black patients. Methods: From March 31 to September 30, 2018, interdialytic ABPM was performed after a mid-week hemodialysis session for 24 hours using a Spacelab 90207 ABPM monitor in the non-access arm in 45 stable chronic hemodialysis black patients (age ≥ 20 years, hemodialysis for at least 3 months and informed consent) attending 3 hemodialysis centers in Kinshasa. Ambulatory BP was recorded every 20 minutes during the day (6 AM to 10 PM) and every 30 minutes during the night (10 PM to 6 AM). ECG-LVH was defined using Cornell product criteria. ROC curve method was used to assess the performance of dialysis unit BPs vs. interdialytic 24-hours ABPM in diagnosing ECG-LVH. P 0.05 defined the level of statistical significance. Results: Whatever the method of BP measurement, all the SBP values were related to ECG-LVH with similar AUC and overlapping 95% CI;however, they were not significantly different from each other. 24-hours interdialytic ambulatory SBP (AUC 0.748;95% CI 0.58 - 0.94) had the highest area under the curve. Conclusion: The present study showed that although all the two BP measurement methods equally detected ECG-LVH, 24-hours ABPM tended to have the highest diagnostic performance.

The nurses’ voice of working in a newly established community based 24-hour support center for people with psychiatric disabilities

This study explores the perceptions of a small group of nurses working at a newly established 24-hour community-based service enter (SC) for users with psychiatric disability using a qualitative approach. Since the mental health reform in Sweden in 1995 where the communities (in Sweden called municipalities) were given the responsibility to establish service and support to people with severe psychiatric disabilities, they have struggled in finding suitable forms of these kinds of areas. In 2010, this led to the creation and development of a new center aiming to provide services and support based on the expressed needs of people with physchiatric disability in a community located in southern Sweden. During 2011, a total of three group interviews were performed to capture the employed nurses’ perceptions of this newly established SC. The interview texts were analyzed by way of qualitative content analysis. A first reading of the interview texts revealed that the nurses’ perceptions of the service center were unwaveringly positive but that their beliefs about who the specific target group were differed. The main finding was summarized by the theme: Making a difference—on an individual, professional, and organizational level. The sub themes were: 24-hour availability, unclear assignment, and preventing mental illness. The findings indicate a need for a community round-the-clock service center in this Swedish community and a more clear definition of the target group.

China introduces the 24-hour rule

Recently, international movement measures that may be causing tension between the of cargo had been the subject of increasing border control needs for security and the needs for trade facilitations. On the one hand customs authorities are charged with the responsibility for policing a country＇s borders, and consequently they need to have in place measures to ensure that only legitimate trade takes place and that this trade does not present security concerns. On the other hand we have the requirements of traders, who benefit from an environment of trade facilitation with speedy and efficient movement of cargo across international borders, with minimal bureaucratic intervention. This paper focuses on and provides early discussion and comments on the possible ramifications of the introduction of the 24-hour rule in China, effective for all exports and imports of sea freight container traffic since January 1, 2009. The new rules will have significant impact on the logistics flows of exporters and importers alike. Specifically, the reporting requirements timelines are likely to result in increased costs in cargo processing at wharves that traders will have to bear; place added pressure on storage facilities at wharves, or at container depots; and may additionally increase the amount of inventory buffer because of the timing of the data reporting requirements. The paper concludes that security needs have prevailed over trade facilitation considerations and that traders should urgently implement a review of existing practices to ensure they comply with the China Customs requirements, whilst simultaneously minimizing cost increases.

The lived experience of a 24-hour support center for persons with psychiatric disabilities: Making me feel almost like an ordinary person

This study illuminates nine psychiatric disabled persons’ lived experience of a newly established community-based service center open around the clock. This new 24-hour support center (SC) was established in 2011 in a Swedish community to better match and facilitate the disabled persons’ needs. In order to illuminate the disabled person’s experiences individual interview was performed. A phenomenological-hermeneutical method inspired by Paul Ricoeur was used to interpret the texts. After a naive reading, a structural analysis revealed two themes: 1), becoming aware of myself as a person, and 2) having a lifeline and belongingness. The comprehensive understanding was interpreted as meaning “Making me feel almost like an ordinary person”, which incorporated the person’s past with their present together with a direction for the future and hope for a more fulfilling life.

Esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring in esophagus surgery:28-year Chinese experience in a single center

Objective To retrospectively review the experience of esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring in e-sophagus surgery. Methods From 1982 to 2010,patients with unspecific chest pain and undergone esophageal surgery were received esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring. Results Among the patients with

基于成分数据分析的青少年24 h活动行为与体质关联的研究

目的:基于成分数据分析方法,解决24 h活动行为“定和限制”所带来的共线性问题,探究青少年不同强度身体活动、静坐行为与睡眠对体质指标的综合影响。方法:以241名初中生为研究对象,采用ActiGraph GT3X+加速度计测量日常活动行为,并进行体质测试。通过成分数据分析方法,综合分析24 h活动行为与体质的关联,并采用成分等时替代模型,进行行为之间的10 min等时替代分析,以将不同行为对体质的影响效应定量化。结果:中高强度身体活动(moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,MVPA)与体质总分、50 m跑表现、长跑表现和跳远成绩呈正相关;低强度身体活动(light physical activity,LPA)则与这些指标呈负相关,但其与肺活量呈正相关。静坐行为(sedentary behaviour,SB)与多数体质指标呈负相关,睡眠时间与体质总分、坐位体前屈、跳远、仰卧起坐和长跑表现呈正相关。成分等时替代分析显示:10 min SB或LPA替代同等时间的MVPA产生的不利效应均远大于10 min MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应(体质总分:SB,-0.92分vs 0.73分;LPA,-1.1分vs 0.91分)。结论:MVPA是学生群体体质发展的主要影响成分,而睡眠可能是体质健康干预的另一重要方向。相比单纯性地减少SB时间,保持MVPA水平更具意义。

5~18岁儿童青少年24 h活动研究:现状、影响因素与健康效应

目的:对5~18岁学龄期儿童青少年的24 h活动研究进行系统综述,总结并归纳现有文献报道的研究特征、研究方法与研究结果。通过系统检索,共有20篇文献纳入本综述,结果发现,平均30.84%、41.32%、45.04%的儿童青少年分别达到了身体活动、屏幕时间、睡眠时长3项指标推荐量,17.56%、46.16%、35.06%、6.85%的儿童青少年分别达到了0、1、2、3项24 h活动指标推荐量。男生的身体活动达标率优于女生,但男生屏幕时间指标达标率普遍低于女生。随着年龄的增长,屏幕时间的达标率显著降低。父母教育程度越高,其子女的24 h达标条数越多。并且,纳入的研究一致发现24 h活动的指标多项达标可以改善儿童青少年不同的健康指标,包括体重状况、心血管健康、心理状况、认知发展、生活质量以及饮食模式。

24式太极拳足踝关节主要运动方式分析

运用文献资料法、录像观察法和访谈法,根据解剖学知识,按24式太极拳套路顺序和步型转换统计足踝运动方式并进行分析,研究表明:24式太极拳中八种足踝关节运动方式都存在,其中以背伸和跖屈为主,分别占48.03%和34.50%,练习24式太极拳可改善足踝的跖屈和背伸肌肌力;但24式太极拳中足踝关节的内外翻运动方式较少,各占0.87%,可以和其他足踝运动方式编排所需组合;跖屈、背伸、内旋、外旋主要集中在丁字步和弓步转换上;提膝和仆步转换中包含六种足踝关节运动方式,其中内收和内翻为该步型转换独有。

Dietary Surveys Carried out among Diabetic Patients Hospitalized in the Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases Department of the C.H.U-B

A varied and balanced diet has always been essential in the optimal management of diabetes. The objective of this work was to evaluate dietary surveys among 50 diabetic patients hospitalized in the metabolic and endocrine diseases department of the Brazzaville Hospital and University Center. This survey was carried out using two methods: dietary history and 24-hour recall. The results relating to the dietary history revealed in the patients a dietary imbalance characterized by snacking at meals, non-compliance with a balanced diet and a high frequency of consumption of foods rich in simple sugar. and saturated fats. Regarding the 24-hour recall, the survey showed that the average blood sugar levels of hospitalized patients increased depending on the number of meals. This meant that these hyperglycemias (2 to 5 g/L) observed in these patients exceeded three meals per day and required, among other things, an increase in insulin intake or doses. The age groups of diabetic patients were also divided. These age groups had partly defined the types of diabetes encountered. Regarding body mass index, women had a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 compared to men. This increase in body mass index was explained by being overweight or even obese due to excess body fat.