Breeding and Seed Reproduction Techniques of a New Tetraploid Common Buckwheat Variety‘Pintianqiao 3’

[Objectives]This study was conducted to actively carry out the breeding of new tetraploid common buckwheat varieties and its supporting breeding techniques.[Methods]Pintianqiao 3 is a new tetraploid common buckwheat variety developed by College of Agriculture of Shanxi Agricultural University and Agricultural Genetic Resources Center of Shanxi Agricultural University,using‘Pintianqiao 1’as the parent,through mutation treatment with 0.2%colchicine aqueous solution,grain selection,plant selection,isolation and identification,variety comparison,regional test and field investigation.The variety has chromosomes 2n=4X=32,and shows a spring sowing period of 101 d and a summer sowing period of 80 d,large flowers and seeds(with a 1000-grain weight of 41.4 g),and good resistance to lodging.[Results]From 2021 to 2022,Pintianqiao 3 participated in the independent joint regional test of common buckwheat varieties in Shanxi Province,and the average yield in 10 test positions was 1.8 kg,equivalent to 1800 kg/hm^(2),which was 8.4%higher than the control.It passed the field investigation conducted by Shanxi provincial expert group for identification of non-major crop varieties in Dongyang and Kelan experimental sites on September 2-3,2022.On January 4,2024,it passed the preliminary examination of Shanxi Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee.The seed reproduction technique of Pintianqiao 3 including land selection,preparation before sowing,sowing,field management and timely harvesting has been developed.[Conclusions]This study provides technical support for the demonstration and popularization of this new variety.

32×32 Si盖革模式激光焦平面探测器

为了满足350 nm~1100 nm波长范围内远距离及微弱激光3维成像探测的需求,提出了一种规模为32×32的盖革模式硅激光焦平面阵列探测器,它主要由硅雪崩光电二极管阵列、读出电路芯片、微透镜阵列、半导体制冷器、引脚网格阵列壳体等元件组成。硅雪崩光电二极管焦平面阵列采用拉通型N^(+)-Π_(1)-P^(-)-Π_(2)-P^(+)结构,工作在盖革模式下,通过Si片背面抛磨减薄及盲孔刻蚀技术,实现了纤薄光敏区的加工;读出电路采用主动模式淬灭设计,使电路单元的死时间控制在50 ns以内,并利用一种带相移技术的时间数字转换电路优化方案,在满足时间分辨率不大于2 ns的同时,降低了读出电路芯片的功耗。结果表明,在反向过偏电压14 V、工作温度-40℃的条件下,该探测器在850 nm的目标波长可实现20.7%的平均光子探测效率与0.59 kHz的平均暗计数率,时间分辨率为1 ns,有效像元率优于97%。该研究为纤薄型背进光Si基激光焦平面探测器的研制提供了参考。

2-己基癸酸改性的全溶液制备的CsPbBr_(3)量子点发光二极管

钙钛矿量子点发光二极管是极具发展潜力的新型显示技术。全无机CsPbX3(X=Cl,Br,I)钙钛矿量子点具有优异的光电性能,然而合成CsPbX3量子点时往往需要油酸(OA)和油胺(OAm)等配体的参与,这些配体和量子点之间的动态结合方式使其极易从量子点表面脱落,进而引发量子点的不稳定性现象。此外,油酸油胺的绝缘特性会阻碍发光二极管中载流子的传输并恶化器件性能。鉴于此,本文以CsPbBr_(3)量子点为研究对象,采用短链配体2-己基癸酸(DA)部分取代长链OA配体,系统探究了不同DA/OA摩尔比对CsPbBr_(3)量子点光学性能的影响。结果表明,经DA修饰的CsPbBr_(3)量子点表现出高达88.64%的光致发光量子产率。随后,将优化后的CsPbBr_(3)量子点应用到全溶液制备的发光二极管中,器件的最高亮度和最大外量子效率分别从9 cd·m^(-2)和0.04%提升至155 cd·m^(-2)和0.14%。接着,通过优化钙钛矿发光层和空穴传输层之间的能级匹配,进一步将器件的亮度和外量子效率提升至436 cd·m^(-2)和0.20%。

A Study of the Comets with Large Perihelion Distances C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)

This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at perihelion.The absolute magnitude of comets ATLAS and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 respectively.The cometary activity of comets ATLAS and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of 2026.The nucleus of comet ATLAS has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little larger.The c-o colors of the comets ATLAS and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP 1194.These comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric distance.Comet Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of dust.The slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.

The Application and Operation-Effect Analysis for Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures with 3D Printing Technique

Objective: To investigate the value of 3D printing techniques in the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures. Methods: From September 2016 to September 2018, 28 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were treated in our hospital. According to the odevity of hospitalized order, the patients were divided into two groups. Group A used 3D reconstruction, virtually reduction, 3D printing and demonstration of individual fracture model before operation while group B only received conventional process by use X-rays or CT image. Comparison between the two groups was made in operation time, operative blood loss, radiation frequency, surgery instrument cost and knee function score. Results: The follow-up was 14.4 months on average (ranged 6 to 22 months). There was no statistical difference of the surgery instrument cost between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B (P χ2 = 0.373, P = 0.54). Conclusion: 3D printing techniques can improve surgery effect in complex tibial plateau fractures.

Assessment of the effects of induced anisometropia on binocularity with glasses-free 3D technique

AIM:To assess the effect of experimentally induced anisometropia on binocularity in normal adults with glassesfree three-dimensional(3D)technique.METHODS:Totally 54 healthy medical students with normal binocularity in the cross-sectional study were enrolled.Anisometropia was induced by placing trail lenses over the right eye,in 0.5 D steps including lenses of-0.5,-1,-1.5,-2,-2.5 D(hyperopic anisometropia)and lenses of+0.5,+1,+1.5,+2,+2.5 D(myopic anisometropia).The glasses-free 3D technique was used to evaluated not only fine stereopsis,but also coarse stereopsis,dynamic stereopsis,foveal suppression,and peripheral suppression in these subjects.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare quantitative data such as fine stereopsis,coarse stereopsis.Pearson’s Chi-square test was performed to compare categorical data such as dynamic stereopsis,foveal suppression and peripheral suppression.RESULTS:The subjects showed a statistically significant decline in fine stereopsis,coarse stereopsis,and dynamic stereopsis with increasing levels of anisometropia(P<0.001).Binocularity was af fected when induced anisometropia was more than 1 D(P<0.05).Foveal suppression and peripheral suppression were evident and increased in proportion to anisometropia(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The relatively low degrees of anisometropia may have a potentially significant effect on high-grade binocular interaction.The mechanisms underlying the defect of binocularity seem to involve not only foveal suppression,but also peripheral suppression.

Kinetics and the difference for extraction of praseodymium and neodymium from nitrate aqueous solution by [A336][NO_3] using the single drop technique

The kinetics and the difference for Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)extraction from nitrate aqueous solution using trialkylmethylammonium nitrate([A336][NO3])as extractant were investigated by the single drop technique.The dependence of the extraction rate of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)on the concentrations of free Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)ions,the concentrations of Na NO3 and H+in aqueous solutions,and the concentrations of[A336][NO3]in kerosene solutions were discussed and the corresponding extraction rate equations for Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)were obtained.These equations demonstrated that the reaction rate constant of Pr(Ⅲ)with[A336][NO3]was double than that of Nd(Ⅲ).The effect of the addition of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA)on the difference in the extraction rate of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)by[A336][NO3]was also investigated.It was revealed that the difference in the complex formation rates of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)with DTPA made a significant impact on the difference in the extraction rates of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)with[A336][NO3].The ratio of extraction rates of Pr(Ⅲ)to Nd(Ⅲ)with[A336][NO3]was in proportion to the ratio of complex formation rates of Pr(Ⅲ)to Nd(Ⅲ)with DTPA.The extraction rate difference for Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)with[A336][NO3]increased due to a higher complex formation rate constant of DTPA with the free and un-complexed Nd(Ⅲ)ions in the aqueous nitrate solution than that with Pr(Ⅲ)ions.Therefore,the addition of DTPA in the aqueous nitrate solution is an effective method to intensify the separation of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)in kinetics.The study on the extraction mechanism indicated that both the extraction of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ)by[A336][NO3]were diffusion controlled,and the reactions obeyed SN2 mechanism.The present work highlights a possible approach to strengthen the kinetic separation of Pr(Ⅲ)and Nd(Ⅲ).

Numerical Study on 3D MHD Darcy-Forchheimer Flow Caused by Gyrotactic Microorganisms of the Bio-Convective Casson Nanofluid across a Stretched Sheet

A review of the literature revealed that nanofluids are more effective in transferring heat than conventional fluids.Since there are significant gaps in the illumination of existing methods for enhancing heat transmission in nanomaterials,a thorough investigation of the previously outlined models is essential.The goal of the ongoing study is to determine whether the microscopic gold particles that are involved in mass and heat transmission drift in freely.The current study examines heat and mass transfer on 3D MHD Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Casson nanofluid-induced bio-convection past a stretched sheet.The inclusion of the nanoparticles is a result of their peculiar properties,such as remarkable thermal conductivity,which are important in heat exchangers and cutting-edge nanotechnology.The gyrotactic microorganisms must be included to prevent the potential deposition of minute particles.The proposed flow dynamics model consists of an evolving nonlinear system of PDEs,which is subsequently reduced to a system of dimensionless ODEs utilizing similarity approximations.MATLAB software was utilized to create an effective code for the Runge-Kutta technique using a shooting tool to acquire numerical results.This method is extensively used to solve these issues since it is accurate to fourth order,efficient,and affordable.The influence of submerged factors on the velocity,temperature,concentration,and density of motile microorganisms is shown in the figures.Additionally,tables and bar charts are used to illustrate the physical characteristics of the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for the densities of both nanoparticles and motile microorganisms.The dimensionless velocities are observed declining when the casson,magnetic,porosity,and forchheimer parameters grow,whereas the dimensionless temperature and concentration rise as the thermophoresis parameter rises.This work provides insights into practical applications such nanofluidic,energy conservation,friction reduction,and power generation.Furthermore,in a concentration field,the Brownian and thermophoresis parameters exhibit very distinct behaviours.However,the work makes a significant point that the flow of a Casson fluid including nanoparticles can be regulated by appropriately modifying the Casson parameter,thermophoresis parameter,and Brownian motion parameter.

Permittivity of composites used for Luneburg lens antennas by drilling holes based on 3-D printing technique

Due to the attractive performances such as the ability of beam focus,broadband,multi-beam scanning and other features,Luneburg lens antennas are applied in multi-beam antenna,which overcomes the problem of gain loss produced by multi-beam parabolic antenna.Based on 3-D printing technique,Luneburg lens antennas by drilling holes are studied.Permittivity and loss tangent of the equivalent lens materials can be influenced by original materials,hole shapes,hole directions,and porosity.After tests,polystyrene with waxes may be the most appropriate materials for Luneburg lens with high strength.Permittivity with the shape of triangle is the lowest due to the homogeneity.Relative permittivities with the direction at a range of 15°-45°are lower while loss tangent at a range of 0°-30°.Radial directional holes are more appropriate for Luneburg lens.The relative permittivity is decreased with the increment of porosity.After calculations,the forecasts calculated by Looyenga and A-BG theory are more precise.Finally,Luneburg lens with two layers is fabricated by 3-D printing.

FABRICATION OF HIGHLY HYDROPHOBIC FILMS OF POLY(3-HEXADECYL PYRROLE) NANOPARTICLES BY LANGMUIR-BLODGETT TECHNIQUE

Thin films of poly（3-hexadecyl pyrrole） （P3HDP） nanoparticles have been fabricated by using Langmuir-Blodgett film deposition technique. The structures and morphology of the films were studied by using infrared spectroscopy, scanning and transmission microscopes. The experimental results demonstrated that the nanoparticles were formed by self-assembling P3HDP at air-water surface. The water contact angles of these films with different deposition layers were measured to be as high as 110°.

Variety Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of Rape Changzayou 3

High-quality hybrid rape Changzayou 3 is a new yellow-seed double-low rape variety with high yield, good resistance to diseases and lodging and high oil content, suitable for winter cropping in central China. Its high-yield cultivation tech- niques are mainly early seeding at proper time, thinning timely, rational close planting, scientific fertilization, control of diseases and pest and weeding.

Study on the 3D Seismic Data Field Hybrid Rendering Technique of Natural Gas Hydrate and Its Application

3D visualization technology is a tool used for displaying, describing, and understanding the characteristics of geologic bodies, and features high efficiency, objective accuracy, visual expression, etc. In this paper, the man-machine interactive interpretation and 3D visualization technology rapidly displaying and analyzing the 3D seismic data of hydrate ore volume is researched and developed using the hybrid rendering technique. Through the integrated interpretation on the 3D space structure, stratum, and seismic attributes, the visualized multi-attribute superimposition analysis is implemented for describing the spatial distribution characteristics of hydrate ore volume and exquisitely describing the subtle geological characteristics of hydrate ore volume. By the hybrid rendering technique, authentication and interpretation are provided for the geological exploration work, so as to greatly enhance the visualization and accuracy of the geological analysis, and also provide a good decision-making foundation for the subsequent development of resources.

THE STUDY OF THE NON-STEADY KINETICS OF THE OXYDEHYDROGENATION OF ETHANE TO ETHYLENE OVER THE CATALYST OF Mo-V-Nb/Al_2O_3 BY THE TECHNIQUE OF TEMPERATURE PROGRAMMED TRANSIENT RESPONSE AND ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY

In this paper, instead of with the more expensive Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FTIR) a new technique of Temperature Programmed Transient Response(TP-TR) has been used with gas chromatography. Therefore, the TP-TR will be applied more widespreadly than ever before. With the technique of TP-TR and electric conductivity, the study is on the reaction mechanism and the adsorption behavior of the reactants and products to the present catalyst Mo-V-Nb/Al_2O_3 in the reaction from ethane through oxydehydrogenation to ethylene as the product. By Range-Kutta-Gill and Margarat methods, the kinetic parameters of the reaction elementary steps (i.e. rate constants, active energies and frequency factors) have been evaluated. The mathematical treatment coincides with the experimental results.

Calculation of the contribution of single-zone production by ultraviolet spectrum technique:A case study in well QHD32-6-3 field

Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum technique, has been established. The standard plate was drawn using the extinction coefficient E of sample oils formulated artificially as y-axis and the wavelength as x-axis. The curve resulting from the UV analysis of sample oils in the commingled well was inserted into the standard plate and compared. The proportion of each single zone in the commingled producing well was identical with the proportion of the curve which is closest to the curve of sample oils formulated artificially. In the well QHD32-6-3 field, taking well A22 for example and using this method, the production contribution of a single zone was calculated. The result showed that the Nm4 zone is a major "contributor", the proportion of the Nm4 zone is 70%, and that of the Nm1 zone is 30%. The ultraviolet spectrum technique provided a new reservoir geochemical technique of monitoring production contribution, especially for biodegraded heavy oil, but it has some limitation, just depending on the GC fingerprint technique.

Application of computer aided 3D simulation technique for complicated foot and ankle fractures

Objective To investigate the effect of computer aided 3D simulation technique for treating complicated foot and ankle fractures precisely.Methods From November 2007 to August 2009,255 patients with complicated foot and ankle fractures

高产、抗SMV春播鲜食大豆‘苏奎3号’的选育及栽培技术

为了筛选出高产、优质、抗性强、生育期适中,适宜在江苏省推广的鲜食大豆,以‘辽鲜2号’和‘苏早1号’为试验材料进行杂交,其杂交后代经过多年多点的试验鉴定,最终选育出高产、抗大豆花叶病毒(SMV)鲜食春大豆新品种‘苏奎3号’。2016—2017年参加江苏省区试,‘苏奎3号’年平均鲜荚产量较对照品种‘台湾292’增产18.92%。2018年参加江苏省春播鲜食大豆生产试验,‘苏奎3号’平均每公顷产鲜荚较对照增产16.58%。2019年6月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定(苏审豆20190006)。‘苏奎3号’具有高产以及抗SMV等特点,适宜在江苏各地作春播鲜食大豆种植使用。本文对该品种的特征特性、高产栽培技术作一阐述,供相关研究单位及农技推广部门参考。

3D FSPGR后处理图像3D MIP在双手、双腕多关节痛患者中的诊断价值

目的:探讨3D FSPGR后处理图像3D MIP对双手、双腕多关节疼痛患者的临床诊断价值。方法:对25例多关节痛患者行双手、双腕关节MRI扫描,MRI采用平扫冠状位T1WI、STIR、增强后3D FSPGR及3D FSPGR的横断位重建图像、3D MIP的重建图像,以增强3D FSPGR诊断的滑膜炎为参照标准,对比评价3D MIP诊断关节滑膜炎的敏感性和特异性。结果:3D MIP可同时显示多关节情况,图像直观;诊断关节滑膜炎的敏感性和特异性分别为91.07%、98.57%。结论:3DMIP对关节滑膜炎的诊断具有较高的特异性和敏感性,可全面、直观地显示关节整体情况,加速、便捷诊断流程,具有潜在的临床应用价值。

应用RNAi沉默STAT3基因促裸鼠移植瘤细胞凋亡及对Bax/Bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的应用RNAi技术沉默信号转导子与转录活化子3(STAT3)基因,探讨其对人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的细胞凋亡及其对Bax/Bcl2基因表达的影响。方法于雌裸鼠皮下种植MCF7细胞,肿瘤长至一定大小时,随机分为盐水对照(A)组、空质粒对照(B)组及实验(C)组。于肿瘤局部分别注射盐水、psilencer1.0U6空质粒和psilencer1.0U6STAT3siRNA重组质粒。当A组肿瘤长至足够大时处死全部动物,取肿瘤,测其大小及重量,行HE及免疫组化染色,同时用Westernblot检测STAT3,Bax,Bcl2基因的表达水平。结果C组肿瘤瘤块的体积和重量明显小于A,B组(P<0.01)。免疫组化及HE显示C组肿瘤中心区出现大面积细胞坏死及细胞凋亡征象,STAT3免疫组化呈阴性,而A,B组无此现象。Westernblot显示C组STAT3的表达明显低于A,B组(P<0.01),而Bax的表达明显高于A,B组(P<0.05),各组Bcl2的表达水平差异无显著性(P<0.05)。结论应用RNAi技术沉默STAT3基因可以降低人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤中STAT3的表达,同时引起Bax基因的表达上调,导致细胞凋亡进而抑制肿瘤的生长。

0-3型(Ba_(1-x-y)Sr_xPb_y)(Mn,Ti)O_3铁电厚膜的制备与表征

铁电纳米超细粉体的合成与分散技术是成功制备0-3型铁电厚膜的关键和难点之一。采用Sol-Gel技术可制备呈球形软团聚、钙钛矿相结构完整的30nm～70nmMPBST超细粉体,以及致密无裂纹、表面光洁和铁电性能优良(Pr=3.8μC/cm2)的0-3型铁电厚膜。通过TEM、XRD、TGA-DTA、AFM等手段分析了Sol-Gel工艺的化学机制和热演化历程,结果表明:采用以乙二醇乙醚为主要溶剂的Sol-Gel技术可降低MPBST粉体/厚膜的合成温度,提高粉体均匀性和晶相结构单一性。

3S技术在农业及相关领域的应用与发展

围绕3S技术在农业及相关领域的应用,以其在贵州省农业及相关领域的应用实例与发展,探讨了3S技术的实际应用状况。分析了3S技术在应用中存在的主要问题,提出其发展趋势,为其它行业更好的利用3S技术提供参考和依据。