目的建立气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography mass spectrometry,GC-MS)测定食品中合成香料3-乙酰基-2,5-二甲基呋喃的方法。方法样品用正己烷涡旋提取后过滤,含油脂样品采用冷冻过滤技术去除油脂和其他杂质,选用TG-5MS毛细管色谱柱(30...目的建立气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography mass spectrometry,GC-MS)测定食品中合成香料3-乙酰基-2,5-二甲基呋喃的方法。方法样品用正己烷涡旋提取后过滤,含油脂样品采用冷冻过滤技术去除油脂和其他杂质,选用TG-5MS毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm),载气流速1 mL/min进行分离后进质谱分析。结果3-乙酰基-2,5-二甲基呋喃在0.005~10.000μg/L质量浓度范围内曲线线性良好,相关系数为0.9997;在不同基质及不同加标浓度下,加标回收率为80.16%~103.76%,相对标准偏差为1.83%~7.87%(n=6);3-乙酰基-2,5-二甲基呋喃在不同基质中的检出限均可达到1μg/kg,定量限均可达到3μg/kg。结论该方法简单、准确度高、灵敏度好,可以用于食品中3-乙酰基-2,5-二甲基呋喃含量的快速检测,为合成香料的安全使用和监管提供技术手段。展开更多
目的探讨3-甲基巴豆酰辅酶A羧化酶缺乏症(3-methylcrotonyl-coenzyme A carboxylase deficiency,MCCD)患儿的临床及遗传学特征。方法回顾性分析2018年1月-2023年10月就诊于郑州大学附属儿童医院的6例MCCD患儿的临床表现及基因检测结果...目的探讨3-甲基巴豆酰辅酶A羧化酶缺乏症(3-methylcrotonyl-coenzyme A carboxylase deficiency,MCCD)患儿的临床及遗传学特征。方法回顾性分析2018年1月-2023年10月就诊于郑州大学附属儿童医院的6例MCCD患儿的临床表现及基因检测结果。结果6例MCCD患儿中,男性4例,女性2例,平均就诊年龄为7 d,平均确诊年龄为45 d。1例小便气味异常,5例无临床症状。6例患儿血3-羟基异戊酰肉碱、尿3-羟基异戊酸、3-甲基巴豆酰甘氨酸均增高,5例伴游离肉碱降低。共检出MCCC1基因变异6个:c.1630del(p.R544Dfs*2)、c.269A>G(p.D90G)、c.1609T>A(p.F537I)、c.639+2T>A、c.761+1G>T、c.1331G>A(p.R444H),以及MCCC2基因变异3个:c.838G>T(p.D280Y)、c.592C>T(p.Q198*,366)、c.1342G>A(p.G448A),其中MCCC1基因c.269A>G(p.D90G)、c.1609T>A(p.F537I)未见文献报道。1例为母源性MCCD,患儿携带来自母亲的一个杂合变异。5例伴游离肉碱降低患儿予补充左卡尼汀,末次随访时游离肉碱均恢复至正常水平。结论MCCC1基因c.269A>G(p.D90G)、c.1609T>A(p.F537I)为新发现的变异,丰富了MCCC1基因变异谱。血氨基酸及酰基肉碱谱和尿有机酸谱联合基因检测有助于MCCD早期诊断和治疗,并为遗传咨询提供参考。展开更多
3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素是一种重要的香豆素类有机合成中间体,被广泛用于医药合成和构建荧光染料的骨架等。本文研究了两种3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素的合成方法,起始原料选用2,4-二羟基苯甲醛,另一反应物分别选择了丙二腈、氰基乙酸酯两种化合物...3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素是一种重要的香豆素类有机合成中间体,被广泛用于医药合成和构建荧光染料的骨架等。本文研究了两种3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素的合成方法,起始原料选用2,4-二羟基苯甲醛,另一反应物分别选择了丙二腈、氰基乙酸酯两种化合物,以收率、合成经济性和“三废”处理的难度为评价标准,比较得出了较优方法,随后优化了该方法中的催化剂、溶剂和反应时间等条件,并用红外光谱(IR)、核磁波谱(NMR)和高效液相色谱对目标产物进行了结构确证与纯度分析。实验结果显示产物收率为86%,结构正确,纯度≥95%,该合成方法可以实现3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素的高效制备。3-cyano-7-hydroxy-coumarin is an important intermediate of coumarin, which is widely used in pharmaceutical synthesis, construction of fluorescent dye skeleton and so on. In this paper, two synthesis methods of 3-cyano-7-hydroxy-coumarin were studied. The starting material was 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and the other reactant was malonitrile and cyanoacetate, respectively, to construct benzopyranone ring parent nucleus. Based on the evaluation criteria of yield, synthesis economy and difficulty of “three wastes” treatment, a better method was obtained. The catalyst, solvent and reaction time of this method were optimized, and the target products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), NMR and HPLC. The experimental results showed that the yield of the product was 86%, the structure of the product is correct, and the purity was ≥95%. This synthesis method could realize the efficient preparation of 3-cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin.展开更多
文摘3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素是一种重要的香豆素类有机合成中间体,被广泛用于医药合成和构建荧光染料的骨架等。本文研究了两种3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素的合成方法,起始原料选用2,4-二羟基苯甲醛,另一反应物分别选择了丙二腈、氰基乙酸酯两种化合物,以收率、合成经济性和“三废”处理的难度为评价标准,比较得出了较优方法,随后优化了该方法中的催化剂、溶剂和反应时间等条件,并用红外光谱(IR)、核磁波谱(NMR)和高效液相色谱对目标产物进行了结构确证与纯度分析。实验结果显示产物收率为86%,结构正确,纯度≥95%,该合成方法可以实现3-氰基-7-羟基香豆素的高效制备。3-cyano-7-hydroxy-coumarin is an important intermediate of coumarin, which is widely used in pharmaceutical synthesis, construction of fluorescent dye skeleton and so on. In this paper, two synthesis methods of 3-cyano-7-hydroxy-coumarin were studied. The starting material was 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and the other reactant was malonitrile and cyanoacetate, respectively, to construct benzopyranone ring parent nucleus. Based on the evaluation criteria of yield, synthesis economy and difficulty of “three wastes” treatment, a better method was obtained. The catalyst, solvent and reaction time of this method were optimized, and the target products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), NMR and HPLC. The experimental results showed that the yield of the product was 86%, the structure of the product is correct, and the purity was ≥95%. This synthesis method could realize the efficient preparation of 3-cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin.
