本文用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(3-APTES)改性粘土岩,并通过X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行了表征.结果显示,3-APTES改性粘土岩没有固定的表面结构,多为呈不规则多边型的薄片状晶体.以3-APTES...本文用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(3-APTES)改性粘土岩,并通过X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行了表征.结果显示,3-APTES改性粘土岩没有固定的表面结构,多为呈不规则多边型的薄片状晶体.以3-APTES改性粘土岩为吸附介质,探讨了反应时间、初始浓度、水相pH值、固液比、实验温度和离子种类等对该材料吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响.实验结果表明,pH为5、U(Ⅵ)初始浓度为50μg·mL^(-1)、固液比为1:200时,经过120 min 3-APTES改性粘土岩对U(Ⅵ)的吸附达到平衡,吸附效果最佳.升温有助于提高其吸附性能;溶液中Ca^(2+)、HCO_(3)^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)等3种离子极大的抑制了3-APTES改性粘土岩的吸附性能.展开更多
Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon fel...Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon felt using chemical method and a composite modified anode was prepared through organic ligands coordination Fe^(3+)for better electro-chemical per-formance.Results show that the biofilm resistance of the composite modified anode(2707Ω)is 1.3 times greater than that of the unmodified anode(2100Ω),and its biofilm capacitance also increases by 2.2 times,indicating that the composite modification pro-motes the growth and attachment of electroactive bacteria on the anode.Its specific capacitance(887.8 Fm^(−2))is 3.7 times higher than that of unmodified anode,generating a maximum current density of 1.5Am^(−2).In their Tafel curves,the composite modified anodic exchange current density(5.25×10^(−6)Acm^(−2))is 5.8 times bigger than that of unmodified anode,which suggests that the electro-chemical activity of redox,anti-polarization ability and electron transfer kinetic activity are significantly enhanced.The marine sediment microbial fuel cell with the composite modified anode generates the higher power densities than the blank(203.8mWm^(−2) versus 45.07mWm^(−2)),and its current also increases by 4.4 times.The free amino groups on the anode surface expands a creative idea that the modified anode ligates the natural Fe(Ⅲ)ion in sea water in the MSMFCs for its higher power output.展开更多
Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTE...Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.展开更多
运用最先进的小型加速加载设备MMLS3(1/3model mobile load simulator)对常见的用于上、中面层的4种改性沥青混合料进行了高温稳定性试验,提出了适合中国的MMLS3室内加速加载的各项试验参数.通过研究改性沥青混合料的实际抗车辙性能,得...运用最先进的小型加速加载设备MMLS3(1/3model mobile load simulator)对常见的用于上、中面层的4种改性沥青混合料进行了高温稳定性试验,提出了适合中国的MMLS3室内加速加载的各项试验参数.通过研究改性沥青混合料的实际抗车辙性能,得出沥青混合料高温稳定性能的优劣顺序为:SBS橡胶复合改性SMA-13,SBS改性AC-20C,SBS改性AC-13C,SBS橡胶复合改性OGFC-13,岩沥青改性AC-20C.由于OGFC-13的大空隙结构,必然要在某种程度上牺牲其强度、抗剪切性能及耐久性,不建议在重交通的高速公路上使用其作为表面层.高温重载或超限地区应加强中面层的优化设计.MMLS3加载试验及常规动稳定度试验在衡量空隙率差距小的沥青混合料时,两者试验结果具有较好的一致性;而对于不同沥青混合料,当其空隙率差距大时,应根据需要选择合适的试验或评价方法.展开更多
为了提高硅碳复合材料中硅的使用效率,使用3-氨基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂(3-APTS)对硅纳米颗粒进行表面修饰,制备了3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、FT-IR、TGA、Raman等对材料微观形貌、结构及组分进行表征。结果表明,3-APTS对硅纳...为了提高硅碳复合材料中硅的使用效率,使用3-氨基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂(3-APTS)对硅纳米颗粒进行表面修饰,制备了3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、FT-IR、TGA、Raman等对材料微观形貌、结构及组分进行表征。结果表明,3-APTS对硅纳米颗粒有良好的分散作用,没有发现明显的硅颗粒团聚现象。3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料呈现yolk-shell结构,其作为锂离子电池负极材料表现出优异的电化学性能。在100 m A·g^(-1)的电流密度下,首次可逆容量为1 699 m Ah·g^(-1),50次循环后可逆容量为913 m Ah·g^(-1),35次循环后容量保持率为99.6%,明显高于Si@C/G复合材料(首次可逆比容量为652.9 m Ah·g^(-1),50次循环之后可逆比容量为541 m Ah·g^(-1))。当电流密度达到1 500 m A·g^(-1)时,其可逆容量可达到480 m Ah·g^(-1)。展开更多
As a coupling agent,(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTES)was used to synthesize a series of silanized waterborne polyurethanes(Si-WPUs)through the acetone process.The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)toget...As a coupling agent,(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTES)was used to synthesize a series of silanized waterborne polyurethanes(Si-WPUs)through the acetone process.The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)together with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)was utilized to measure both elements and structures of these samples.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)results explained that APTES would be agglomerate on the surface of WPU films when the mass fraction of the agent concentration was more than 8%.Besides,the contact angle of water(CAW)can be improved from 56.5°to 90.0°by adjusting APTES concentration in Si-WPU.The decomposition temperature of films was also improved with the increase of APTES,and a significant increase could be seen in the glass temperature from 51.00℃to 85.74℃.展开更多
文摘本文用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(3-APTES)改性粘土岩,并通过X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行了表征.结果显示,3-APTES改性粘土岩没有固定的表面结构,多为呈不规则多边型的薄片状晶体.以3-APTES改性粘土岩为吸附介质,探讨了反应时间、初始浓度、水相pH值、固液比、实验温度和离子种类等对该材料吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响.实验结果表明,pH为5、U(Ⅵ)初始浓度为50μg·mL^(-1)、固液比为1:200时,经过120 min 3-APTES改性粘土岩对U(Ⅵ)的吸附达到平衡,吸附效果最佳.升温有助于提高其吸附性能;溶液中Ca^(2+)、HCO_(3)^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)等3种离子极大的抑制了3-APTES改性粘土岩的吸附性能.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.22075262).
文摘Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon felt using chemical method and a composite modified anode was prepared through organic ligands coordination Fe^(3+)for better electro-chemical per-formance.Results show that the biofilm resistance of the composite modified anode(2707Ω)is 1.3 times greater than that of the unmodified anode(2100Ω),and its biofilm capacitance also increases by 2.2 times,indicating that the composite modification pro-motes the growth and attachment of electroactive bacteria on the anode.Its specific capacitance(887.8 Fm^(−2))is 3.7 times higher than that of unmodified anode,generating a maximum current density of 1.5Am^(−2).In their Tafel curves,the composite modified anodic exchange current density(5.25×10^(−6)Acm^(−2))is 5.8 times bigger than that of unmodified anode,which suggests that the electro-chemical activity of redox,anti-polarization ability and electron transfer kinetic activity are significantly enhanced.The marine sediment microbial fuel cell with the composite modified anode generates the higher power densities than the blank(203.8mWm^(−2) versus 45.07mWm^(−2)),and its current also increases by 4.4 times.The free amino groups on the anode surface expands a creative idea that the modified anode ligates the natural Fe(Ⅲ)ion in sea water in the MSMFCs for its higher power output.
文摘Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.
文摘运用最先进的小型加速加载设备MMLS3(1/3model mobile load simulator)对常见的用于上、中面层的4种改性沥青混合料进行了高温稳定性试验,提出了适合中国的MMLS3室内加速加载的各项试验参数.通过研究改性沥青混合料的实际抗车辙性能,得出沥青混合料高温稳定性能的优劣顺序为:SBS橡胶复合改性SMA-13,SBS改性AC-20C,SBS改性AC-13C,SBS橡胶复合改性OGFC-13,岩沥青改性AC-20C.由于OGFC-13的大空隙结构,必然要在某种程度上牺牲其强度、抗剪切性能及耐久性,不建议在重交通的高速公路上使用其作为表面层.高温重载或超限地区应加强中面层的优化设计.MMLS3加载试验及常规动稳定度试验在衡量空隙率差距小的沥青混合料时,两者试验结果具有较好的一致性;而对于不同沥青混合料,当其空隙率差距大时,应根据需要选择合适的试验或评价方法.
文摘为了提高硅碳复合材料中硅的使用效率,使用3-氨基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂(3-APTS)对硅纳米颗粒进行表面修饰,制备了3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、FT-IR、TGA、Raman等对材料微观形貌、结构及组分进行表征。结果表明,3-APTS对硅纳米颗粒有良好的分散作用,没有发现明显的硅颗粒团聚现象。3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料呈现yolk-shell结构,其作为锂离子电池负极材料表现出优异的电化学性能。在100 m A·g^(-1)的电流密度下,首次可逆容量为1 699 m Ah·g^(-1),50次循环后可逆容量为913 m Ah·g^(-1),35次循环后容量保持率为99.6%,明显高于Si@C/G复合材料(首次可逆比容量为652.9 m Ah·g^(-1),50次循环之后可逆比容量为541 m Ah·g^(-1))。当电流密度达到1 500 m A·g^(-1)时,其可逆容量可达到480 m Ah·g^(-1)。
基金Shanghai Undergraduate Training Program on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Grant,China(No.cs1904006)。
文摘As a coupling agent,(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTES)was used to synthesize a series of silanized waterborne polyurethanes(Si-WPUs)through the acetone process.The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)together with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)was utilized to measure both elements and structures of these samples.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)results explained that APTES would be agglomerate on the surface of WPU films when the mass fraction of the agent concentration was more than 8%.Besides,the contact angle of water(CAW)can be improved from 56.5°to 90.0°by adjusting APTES concentration in Si-WPU.The decomposition temperature of films was also improved with the increase of APTES,and a significant increase could be seen in the glass temperature from 51.00℃to 85.74℃.
