Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-Indolizinones and 3-Methyl-1,2-dihydro-1-Pyrrolizinones

4-(1-Pyrrolyl)butanenitrile(4), the key intermediate for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-indolizinone, was prepared with Clauson-Kass reation. When pyrrole reacted with 4-bromobutanenitrile in PEG-400 dimethyl ether catalyzed by NaOH, 3-(1-pyrrolyl)butanenitrile was obtained. The nitriles were converted into the corresponding ketones by Hoesch reaction. Some of the ketone derivatives were prepared.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Trans-4-[(5-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyleneamino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one

The title compound trans-4-[（5-（2,4-dichlorophenoxy）-3-methyl- 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl）methyleneamino]- 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one 3 （C28H23Cl2N5O2, Mr = 532.41） has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1- with a = 8.9438（4）, b = 11.6065（5）, c = 14.2215（6）A, α = 112.566（1）, β = 92.324（2）, γ = 102.91（1）°, V= 1315.65（10） A^3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.344 g/cm^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.282 mm^-1, λ = 0.71073 A, F（000） = 552, the final R = 0.0587 and wR = 0.1578 for 5071 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis reveals that the product is a thermodynamically stable trans isomer. Intra- and intermolecular C（ 12）-H（12）…O（1） and C（28）-H（28）...O（1）# 1 hydrogen bonds were observed in the title compound.

Isatin decreases Bax protein expression in the substantia nigra of a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

The present study observed the action of 1H-indole-2, 3-dione （isatin） on Bax protein expression in the substantia nigra of a Parkinson＇s disease animal model. Parkinson＇s disease-like behaviors were induced in C57BL/6J mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP） Bax protein expression was significantly reduced in isatin （100, 200 mg/kg）-pretreated mice. Results demonstrate that isatin plays a neuroprotective role in mice treated with MPTP by down-regulating Bax protein expression.

Isolation and structural elucidation of cytotoxic compounds from the root bark of Diospyros quercina (Baill.) endemic to Madagascar

Objective:To isolate and characterize the cytotoxic compounds from Diospyros quercina(Baill.)G.E.Schatz&Lowry(Ebenaceae).Methods:An ethno-botanical survey was conducted in the south of Madagascar from July to August 2010.Bio-guided fractionation assay was carried out on the root bark of Diospyros quercina,using cytotoxicity bioassay on murine P388 leukemia cell lines as model.The structures of the cytotoxic compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.Results:Biological experiments resulted in the isolation of three bioactive pure compounds(named TR-21,TR-22,and TR-23)which exhibited very good in vitro cytotoxic activities with the IC_(50)values of(0.017 5±0.0060)μg/mL,(0.089±0.005)μg/mL and(1.027±0.070)μg/mL respectively.Thus,they support the claims of traditional healers and suggest the possible correlation between the chemical composition of this plant and its wide use in Malagasy folk medicine to treat cancer.Conclusions:The ability of isolated compounds in this study to inhibit cell growth may represent a rational explanation for the use of Diospyros quercina root bark in treating cancer by Malagasy traditional healers.Further studies are,therefore,necessary to evaluate the in vivo antineoplastic activity of these cytotoxic compounds as effective anticancer drugs.

Characterization of Five Kinds of Wood Vinegar Obtained from Agricultural and Forestry Wastes and Identification of Major Antioxidants in Wood Vinegar

Wood vinegar(WV)has a powerful antioxidant activity,but it is unclear which components are responsible for the antioxidant activity.In the present study,the double-column retention index qualitative method was used for the identification of the major components in five kinds of W7 And the major antioxidants of wood vinegar were accurately identified with the aid of Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and authentic standard samples. Our results demonstrate that phenolic compounds are mainly responsible for the powerful antioxidant activity. 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol is the most powerful antioxidant in WV.2-Methoxyphenol and 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedioue also have an important influence on the antioxidant activity of WV.Our results suggest that the contents of 2-methoxyphenol,2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione should act as the criteria for evaluating the antioxidant activity of WV.Our work will provide useful information for WV's application in the fields of food and medicine as antioxidants.

红葱的化学成分研究

目的研究红葱Eleutherine americana的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及重结晶等方法,分离纯化红葱的化学成分,通过MS、NMR等波谱技术确定化合物结构。结果确定了7个化合物的结构,分别为9-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1-methyl-1,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1)、eleutherinoside A(2)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、kadsuric acid(4)、豆甾醇(5)、1,2-二羟基-8-甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌(6)、9-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione(7)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为红葱新苷。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物6和7为首次获得的新天然产物。