As a financial innovation of the information age,cryptocurrency is a complex concept with clear advantages and disadvantages and is worthy of discussion.Exploring from a terrorism perspective,this study uses the time-...As a financial innovation of the information age,cryptocurrency is a complex concept with clear advantages and disadvantages and is worthy of discussion.Exploring from a terrorism perspective,this study uses the time-varying parameter/stochastic volatil-ity vector autoregression model to explore the risk hedging and terrorist financing capabilities of Bitcoin.Empirical results show that both terrorist incidents and brutality may explain Bitcoin price,but their effects are slightly different.Compared to terrorist brutality,terrorist incidents have a weaker impact on Bitcoin price,showing that Bitcoin investors are more concerned about the number of deaths than the frequency of ter-rorist attacks.In turn,the impact of Bitcoin price on terrorist attacks is negligible.Bitcoin is a potential means of financing terrorism,but it does not currently play an important role.Our research findings can help investors analyze and predict Bitcoin prices and help improve the theoretical system of anti-terrorist financing,helping to maintain world peace and security.展开更多
目的分析大型恐怖爆炸事件伤情谱,为提高应急救援能力提供参考和依据。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Database等数据库,收集并筛选建库至2023年12月31日全世界伤亡人数>100人的大型恐怖爆炸事件...目的分析大型恐怖爆炸事件伤情谱,为提高应急救援能力提供参考和依据。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Database等数据库,收集并筛选建库至2023年12月31日全世界伤亡人数>100人的大型恐怖爆炸事件相关文献,从伤类、伤部、手术、死亡原因等方面进行系统性分析。结果本研究共纳入32起恐怖爆炸事件,共计伤亡人数16826人,其中伤员数量6602人,爆炸伤伤情13636个,手术事件1003个。32起事件平均致死率15.11%,当发生建筑物坍塌时致死率会升高。致伤类型:穿透伤/撕裂伤(35.59%),挫伤/擦伤(23.81%),骨折(6.69%),耳爆震伤(6.41%)。致伤部位:头面颈部(35.78%)与四肢(33.26%)的伤情占比高,胸背部第3位(10.98%),上肢数量(12.20%)少于下肢(16.40%)。现场幸存者大多为轻伤,平均住院率为25.6%,重症患者(ISS≥16分)数量占幸存伤员的7.76%、住院治疗患者的25.55%,重症患者的病死率为23.14%。入院手术大部分为软组织相关手术(47.86%),其次为骨科(23.23%)、腹部(14.86%)、胸部(6.18%)相关手术。重伤患者治疗后死亡原因以严重头部创伤及多部位伤为主,按部位依次是头部(40.85%)、胸部(26.76%)、腹部(18.31%)、四肢(14.08%)。大多数死亡病例发生在入院48 h以内,主要死因是严重头部创伤、胸腹部穿透伤与失血性休克;入院1周后的主要死因是烧伤、感染与多脏器衰竭。结论由于恐怖爆炸伤员入院后主要死亡原因是头部、胸部的严重创伤,手术主要以软组织相关手术为主,建议在收治大批量恐怖爆炸伤员时选派颅脑外科、胸外科和重症医学专家对危重伤员进行重点救治,以普外科、骨科为主要收治科室。展开更多
基金supported by Strategic Economy Interdisciplinarity(Beijing Universities Advanced Disciplines Initiative,No.GJJ2019163)CUFE Postgraduate students support program for the integration of research and teaching。
文摘As a financial innovation of the information age,cryptocurrency is a complex concept with clear advantages and disadvantages and is worthy of discussion.Exploring from a terrorism perspective,this study uses the time-varying parameter/stochastic volatil-ity vector autoregression model to explore the risk hedging and terrorist financing capabilities of Bitcoin.Empirical results show that both terrorist incidents and brutality may explain Bitcoin price,but their effects are slightly different.Compared to terrorist brutality,terrorist incidents have a weaker impact on Bitcoin price,showing that Bitcoin investors are more concerned about the number of deaths than the frequency of ter-rorist attacks.In turn,the impact of Bitcoin price on terrorist attacks is negligible.Bitcoin is a potential means of financing terrorism,but it does not currently play an important role.Our research findings can help investors analyze and predict Bitcoin prices and help improve the theoretical system of anti-terrorist financing,helping to maintain world peace and security.
文摘目的分析大型恐怖爆炸事件伤情谱,为提高应急救援能力提供参考和依据。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Database等数据库,收集并筛选建库至2023年12月31日全世界伤亡人数>100人的大型恐怖爆炸事件相关文献,从伤类、伤部、手术、死亡原因等方面进行系统性分析。结果本研究共纳入32起恐怖爆炸事件,共计伤亡人数16826人,其中伤员数量6602人,爆炸伤伤情13636个,手术事件1003个。32起事件平均致死率15.11%,当发生建筑物坍塌时致死率会升高。致伤类型:穿透伤/撕裂伤(35.59%),挫伤/擦伤(23.81%),骨折(6.69%),耳爆震伤(6.41%)。致伤部位:头面颈部(35.78%)与四肢(33.26%)的伤情占比高,胸背部第3位(10.98%),上肢数量(12.20%)少于下肢(16.40%)。现场幸存者大多为轻伤,平均住院率为25.6%,重症患者(ISS≥16分)数量占幸存伤员的7.76%、住院治疗患者的25.55%,重症患者的病死率为23.14%。入院手术大部分为软组织相关手术(47.86%),其次为骨科(23.23%)、腹部(14.86%)、胸部(6.18%)相关手术。重伤患者治疗后死亡原因以严重头部创伤及多部位伤为主,按部位依次是头部(40.85%)、胸部(26.76%)、腹部(18.31%)、四肢(14.08%)。大多数死亡病例发生在入院48 h以内,主要死因是严重头部创伤、胸腹部穿透伤与失血性休克;入院1周后的主要死因是烧伤、感染与多脏器衰竭。结论由于恐怖爆炸伤员入院后主要死亡原因是头部、胸部的严重创伤,手术主要以软组织相关手术为主,建议在收治大批量恐怖爆炸伤员时选派颅脑外科、胸外科和重症医学专家对危重伤员进行重点救治,以普外科、骨科为主要收治科室。
