Biomedical field has been seeking a feasible standard drug screening system consisting of 3D tumor model array for drug researching due to providing sufficient samples and simulating actual in vivo tumor growth situat...Biomedical field has been seeking a feasible standard drug screening system consisting of 3D tumor model array for drug researching due to providing sufficient samples and simulating actual in vivo tumor growth situation,which is still a challenge to rapidly and uniformly establish though.Here,we propose a novel drug screening system,namely 3D tumor array chip with“layer cake”structure,for drug screening.Accurate gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel droplets(~0.1μL)containing tumor cells can be automatically deposited on demand with electrohydrodynamic 3D printing.Transparent conductive membrane is introduced as a chip basement for preventing charges accumulation during fabricating and convenient observing during screening.Culturing chambers formed by stainless steel and silicon interlayer is convenient to be assembled and recycled.As this chip is compatible with the existing 96-well culturing plate,the drug screening protocols could keep the same as convention.Important properties of this chip,namely printing stability,customizability,accuracy,microenvironment,tumor functionalization,are detailly examined.As a demonstration,it is applied for screening of epirubicin and paclitaxel with breast tumor cells to confirm the compatibility of the proposed screening system with the traditional screening methods.We believe this chip will potentially play a significant role in drug evaluation in the future.展开更多
3D NoC映射通常涉及大量IP核及节点,使传统映射算法效率较低.为减少映射算法的执行时间,提高其优化能力,在传统蚁群算法（ACA）的基础上,提出一种动态蚁群算法（DACA）.该算法采用逻辑斯蒂S形函数的变化形式,在每轮迭代开始前,依据当前...3D NoC映射通常涉及大量IP核及节点,使传统映射算法效率较低.为减少映射算法的执行时间,提高其优化能力,在传统蚁群算法（ACA）的基础上,提出一种动态蚁群算法（DACA）.该算法采用逻辑斯蒂S形函数的变化形式,在每轮迭代开始前,依据当前迭代次数动态调整参数α,β及蚂蚁总数M.实验结果表明,与ACA相比,DACA可以缩短执行时间,提高算法性能;在面向随机任务时,其单位时间优化能力可以提升38.2%~65.9%;而当面向多媒体系统的真实应用时,其单位时间优化能力可以提升25.3%~32.7%.展开更多
针对硅通孔(TSV)价格昂贵、占用芯片面积大等问题,该文采用基于云模型的进化算法对TSV数量受约束的3维片上网络(3D No C)进行测试规划研究,以优化测试时间,并探讨TSV的分配对3D No C测试的影响,进一步优化3D No C在测试模式下的TSV数量...针对硅通孔(TSV)价格昂贵、占用芯片面积大等问题,该文采用基于云模型的进化算法对TSV数量受约束的3维片上网络(3D No C)进行测试规划研究,以优化测试时间,并探讨TSV的分配对3D No C测试的影响,进一步优化3D No C在测试模式下的TSV数量。该方法将基于云模型的进化算法、小生境技术以及遗传算法的杂交技术结合起来,有效运用遗传、优胜劣汰以及保持群落的多样性等理念,以提高算法的寻优速度和寻优精度。研究结果表明,该算法既能有效避免陷入局部最优解,又能提高全局寻优能力和收敛速度,缩短了测试时间,并且优化了3D No C的测试TSV数量,提高了TSV的利用率。展开更多
背景:近年来,许多研究证实类装配体可弥补类器官无法完全重现细胞与细胞、细胞与基质间的互作关系的缺点,但处于发展初期的类装配体构建方式种类繁多,更无统一标准。目的:综述目前类装配体的构建方法、应用和优缺点,为促进体外细胞模型...背景:近年来,许多研究证实类装配体可弥补类器官无法完全重现细胞与细胞、细胞与基质间的互作关系的缺点,但处于发展初期的类装配体构建方式种类繁多,更无统一标准。目的:综述目前类装配体的构建方法、应用和优缺点,为促进体外细胞模型的发展和完善提供指导。方法:以“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment”为英文检索词,以“类装配体、类器官、类组装体、肿瘤微环境、类器官重组、多细胞模型”为中文检索词,检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库,在排除无关文章及去重后筛选出94篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:①根据细胞来源的不同,可将类装配体的构建方法分为自体组装、直接组装及混合组装3种;根据细胞培养方式的差异,又可分为悬浮培养法、“基质”培养法、器官芯片培养法和3D生物打印法。②自体组装过程涵盖细胞和组织的发育等早期过程,因此,在器官发育和发育障碍等领域有广阔的前景,而分化成熟细胞的功能相对较完善,由它们直接组装成的类装配体在功能障碍及细胞损伤性疾病的研究中更具潜力;自体组装或在器官移植方面更胜一筹,直接组装将更适用于组织损伤的修复,混合组装综合了前两者的优势,多用于探索微环境中细胞的生理和病理机制以及药物筛选等领域。③虽然不同的类装配体各具优势,但都面临脉管系统不完善的难题;每种类装配体构建方法也存在各自的局限性,如自体组装形成的类装配体中细胞分化程度与体内的差异,直接组装模型的细胞种类固定、无法完全反映复杂的体内微环境等均是亟待解决的难题。④将来随着类装配体培养技术的不断完善,研究者们可以在体外组装出具有更复杂组织结构的仿生类器官,为研究人类组织和器官生理及病理过程提供无限趋近真实的模型。展开更多
基金This work was sponsored by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.U1609207)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703000)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51521064).
文摘Biomedical field has been seeking a feasible standard drug screening system consisting of 3D tumor model array for drug researching due to providing sufficient samples and simulating actual in vivo tumor growth situation,which is still a challenge to rapidly and uniformly establish though.Here,we propose a novel drug screening system,namely 3D tumor array chip with“layer cake”structure,for drug screening.Accurate gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel droplets(~0.1μL)containing tumor cells can be automatically deposited on demand with electrohydrodynamic 3D printing.Transparent conductive membrane is introduced as a chip basement for preventing charges accumulation during fabricating and convenient observing during screening.Culturing chambers formed by stainless steel and silicon interlayer is convenient to be assembled and recycled.As this chip is compatible with the existing 96-well culturing plate,the drug screening protocols could keep the same as convention.Important properties of this chip,namely printing stability,customizability,accuracy,microenvironment,tumor functionalization,are detailly examined.As a demonstration,it is applied for screening of epirubicin and paclitaxel with breast tumor cells to confirm the compatibility of the proposed screening system with the traditional screening methods.We believe this chip will potentially play a significant role in drug evaluation in the future.
文摘针对硅通孔(TSV)价格昂贵、占用芯片面积大等问题,该文采用基于云模型的进化算法对TSV数量受约束的3维片上网络(3D No C)进行测试规划研究,以优化测试时间,并探讨TSV的分配对3D No C测试的影响,进一步优化3D No C在测试模式下的TSV数量。该方法将基于云模型的进化算法、小生境技术以及遗传算法的杂交技术结合起来,有效运用遗传、优胜劣汰以及保持群落的多样性等理念,以提高算法的寻优速度和寻优精度。研究结果表明,该算法既能有效避免陷入局部最优解,又能提高全局寻优能力和收敛速度,缩短了测试时间,并且优化了3D No C的测试TSV数量,提高了TSV的利用率。
文摘背景:近年来,许多研究证实类装配体可弥补类器官无法完全重现细胞与细胞、细胞与基质间的互作关系的缺点,但处于发展初期的类装配体构建方式种类繁多,更无统一标准。目的:综述目前类装配体的构建方法、应用和优缺点,为促进体外细胞模型的发展和完善提供指导。方法:以“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment”为英文检索词,以“类装配体、类器官、类组装体、肿瘤微环境、类器官重组、多细胞模型”为中文检索词,检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库,在排除无关文章及去重后筛选出94篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:①根据细胞来源的不同,可将类装配体的构建方法分为自体组装、直接组装及混合组装3种;根据细胞培养方式的差异,又可分为悬浮培养法、“基质”培养法、器官芯片培养法和3D生物打印法。②自体组装过程涵盖细胞和组织的发育等早期过程,因此,在器官发育和发育障碍等领域有广阔的前景,而分化成熟细胞的功能相对较完善,由它们直接组装成的类装配体在功能障碍及细胞损伤性疾病的研究中更具潜力;自体组装或在器官移植方面更胜一筹,直接组装将更适用于组织损伤的修复,混合组装综合了前两者的优势,多用于探索微环境中细胞的生理和病理机制以及药物筛选等领域。③虽然不同的类装配体各具优势,但都面临脉管系统不完善的难题;每种类装配体构建方法也存在各自的局限性,如自体组装形成的类装配体中细胞分化程度与体内的差异,直接组装模型的细胞种类固定、无法完全反映复杂的体内微环境等均是亟待解决的难题。④将来随着类装配体培养技术的不断完善,研究者们可以在体外组装出具有更复杂组织结构的仿生类器官,为研究人类组织和器官生理及病理过程提供无限趋近真实的模型。
