Influence of Adoptment of Geocentric 3D Coordinate System on Chinese Existent Maps

If a geocentric 3D coordinate system is adopted in China to replace 2D non-geocentric coordinate system, the coordinates of the surface points will be changed accordingly. The influences on the current maps of China, especially the topographic maps, are discussed due to the replacement of the coordinate systems. Taking the replacement of Xi’an 80 coordinate system by GRS80 for a numerical example, this paper analyzes the changes of latitude, longitude, Gauss plane coordinates of the surface points, as well as the orientation and the length changes between the points on the map, including the changes of map border lines and sheet corner points.

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF COORDINATES MEASUREMENT BY FLEXIBLE 3D MEASURING SYSTEM

The system mathematical model of flexible 3D measuring system is built by theoretical analysis, and the theoretical formula for measuring space point coordinate is also derived. Frog-jumping based coordinate transform method is put forward in order to solve measuring problem for large size parts. The frog-jumping method is discussed, and the coordinate transform mathematical model is method of the space point coordinate compared to original value, and an advanced method is provided, Form the space point coordinate transform formula can derive the calculation measuring method for measuring large size parts.

A complete solution of an improved universal 3D coordinate similarity transformation model

When linearizing three-dimensional(3 D)coordinate similarity transformation model with large rotations,we usually encounter the ill-posed normal matrix which may aggravate the instability of solutions.To alleviate the problem,a series of conversions are contributed to the 3 D coordinate similarity transformation model in this paper.We deduced a complete solution for the 3 D coordinate similarity transformation at any rotation with the nonlinear adjustment methodology,which involves the errors of the common and the non-common points.Furthermore,as the large condition number of the normal matrix resulted in an intractable form,we introduced the bary-centralization technique and a surrogate process for deterministic element of the normal matrix,and proved its benefit for alleviating the condition number.The experimental results show that our approach can obtain the smaller condition number to stabilize the convergence of the interested parameters.Especially,our approach can be implemented for considering the errors of the common and the non-common points,thus the accuracy of the transformed coordinates improves.

Robot Vision System for Coordinate Measurement of Feature Points on Large Scale Automobile Part

In this paper,we present a robot vision based system for coordinate measurement of feature points on large scale automobile parts.Our system consists of an industrial 6-DOF robot mounted with a CCD camera and a PC.The system controls the robot into the area of feature points.The images of measuring feature points are acquired by the camera mounted on the robot.3D positions of the feature points are obtained from a model based pose estimation that applies to the images.The measured positions of all feature points are then transformed to the reference coordinate of feature points whose positions are obtained from the coordinate measuring machine（CMM）.Finally,the point-to-point distances between the measured feature points and the reference feature points are calculated and reported.The results show that the root mean square error（RMSE） of measure values obtained by our system is less than 0.5 mm.Our system is adequate for automobile assembly and can perform faster than conventional methods.

An Algorithm for Finding Internal Faces Based on the 3D Coordinates

This paper presents a direct method to find the internal faces. It uses four sets of information： get the coordinates of each point on the 3D composite objects; （~）based on the 3D coordinates to calculate all the plane equation of two objects; （~）calculate all the intersecting lines of the two objects and exclude the intersecting lines which are not within the scope of the plane;finding the internal face, the remaining intersecting lines formed the plane is the internal face of the two objects. We proposed a new algorithm for finding internal faces. This algorithm could be adapted to any regular composite objects .The algorithm works well for finding internal faces.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of One 3D Coordination Polymer of Cobalt(II) Achieved from 1,1′-Biphenyl-2,2′,6,6′-tetracarboxylic Acid Ligand

A new three-dimensional coordination polymer {[Co（BPTC）0.5（bix）]′（H2O）}n （1, H4BPTC = 1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′,6,6′-tetracarboxylic acid, bix = 1,3-bis（imidazol-l-ylmethyl）-benzene） has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. The crystal is of orthorhombic, space group Pbcn with a = 13.2975（10）, b = 13.8424（12）, c = 22.6367（17） A, CoC22H19N4Os, Mr = 478.34, V = 4166.7（6） A3, Dc = 1.525 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1968,μ = 0.867 mm^-1, S = 1.023 and Z = 8. The final R = 0.0683 and wR = 0.1529 for 3655 observed reflections with I 〉 20（I）. In the title complex, the 2D Co-BPTC layer is formed through self-assembly of Co（II） ions and bridging BPTC4-ligands in a molar ratio of 2：1. The metal-organic lattice layers are further united together through the second bridging ligand bix to form a 3D metal-organic framework. The thermal stability of the title complex was studied by thermal gravimetric （TG） and differential thermal analysis （DTA）.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Cd^(2+) Supramolecular Coordination Complex{[Cd_2(HCAM)_2(H_2O)_4]·3.5H_2O}_n with a 3D Metal-organic Open Framework

A three-dimensional coordination polymer {[Cd2（HCAM）2（H2O）4].3.SH2O}n was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of H3CAM （H3CAM = 4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicerboxylic acid） and Cd（NO3）2·4H2O. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.4389（19）, b = 11.009（2）, c = 11.192（2） A, α = 87.87（3）, β= 74.63（3）, γ = 81.22（3）°, V= 1108.2（4） A3, Z = 2, Dc= 2.164 g/cm3,μ = 2.011 mm^-1, F（000） = 710, R = 0.0419 and wR = 0.1170. X-ray analysis reveals that the title compound adopts a one-dimensional staircase structure by carboxyl of H3CAM and water molecules, and it is further linked by hydrogen bonds to form a 3-D metal-organic open framework. The thermal gravimetric analysis displays that the framework exists stably below 300 ℃.

SARC Model for Three-Dimensional Coordinate Transformation

In this paper, a transformation model named SARC(static-filter adjustment with restricted condition) is presented, which is more practical and more rigorous in theory and fitting any angle of rotation parameter. The transformation procedure is divided into 4 steps: ① the original and object coordinates can be regarded as observations with errors; ② rigorous formula is firstly deduced in order to compute the first approximation of the transformation parameters by use of four common points and the transformation equation is linearized; ③ calculate the most probable values and variances of the seven transformation parameters by SARC model; ④ to demonstrate validity of SARC , an example is given.

One New 3D Pillared-layer Ag(Ⅰ)-Coordination Framework Based on a Unique 1D Ag2O2 Ribbon： Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Luminescent Properties

A new 3D Ag（I） coordination polymer {[Ag（AZDB）（0.5）（bpe）（0.5）]·H2O}n（1） has been papared by azobenzene-3,3？-dicarboxylicate（H2AZDB）, 1,2-bis（4-pyridyl）ethylene（bpe） and silver salts via hydrothermal method. The compound was fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, infrared spectrum（IR）, powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD） and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）. The strucrural analysis indicate that compound 1 shows a 3D pillared-layer framework constructed from a unique 1D Ag2O2 ribbon and pyridyl/carboxylicate mixed system, which features a 2-nodal（4, 6）-connected fsc net with a（4^4·6^10·8）（4^4·6^2） topology.Moreover, the photoluminescent properties have also been discussed.

A 3D Nickel(Ⅱ) Complex Constructed by Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)Ether:Solvothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties

Treatment of bis（2-dimethylaminoethyl） ether（BDMAE） with nickel acetate afforded a novel 3D nickel（Ⅱ） complex [Ni（BDMAE）（H2O）3·（CH3COO）2·（H2O）2] under solvothermal conditions. Its crystal structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, PXRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complex belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group C2221 with a=8.823（2）, b=13.932（3）, c=17.563（4） , V=2158.9（8） 3, Z=4, C（12）H（36）N2NiO（10）, Mr=427.14, Dc=1.314 g/cm3, F（000）=920 and μ=0.944 mm（-1）. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the mononuclear nickel（Ⅱ） ion is six-coordinated to one oxygen, two nitrogen atoms of the BDMAE ligand and three oxygen atoms of coordinated water molecules. The complex exhibits a 3D supramolecular structure through a variety of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. In addition, the complex has been investigated for catalytic properties towards the Henry reaction of nitromethane with p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and the results indicated that the 1-p-nitrophenyl-2-nitroethanol product was obtained in excellent yield under optimum conditions with the complex as the catalyst.

Possibilities of GPS Kinematic Measurements for Geological Survey in East Slovakia

This paper deals with transformation procedures for observed GPS data from the world geodetic system WGS84 into the national geodetic grid datum SUTCN （system of united trigonometric cadaster network） and Baa（the Baltic Sea after adjustment）.Transformation from WGS84 into SUTCN is performed most frequently by means of the 7element Helmert transformation with three identical points.Geodetic network was adjusted by two ways.

Assembly of a highly stable luminescent Zn5 cluster and application to bio-imaging

OBJECTIVE To explore a novel pH-sensitive fluorescent probe for in vivo tumor imaging.METHODS Zn5 were obtained in 140℃ after mixed with Me OH,water,Zn(NO_3)2·6 H_2O,H4L and trimethylamine.The fluorescence spectra of Zn5 with the same concentration in different pH aqueous solutions were detected.And the stability of Zn5 was investigated by time dependent fluorescence emission spectra of Zn5 in BSA aqueous solution and 5.0% serum solution.Then,the cytotoxicity of Zn5 was detected by MTT assays.To clarify whether a similar fluorescence response occurs in biological organisms,He La cells were pretreated with probe Zn5(0.5 μmol·L^(-1)) and fluorescence imaging were collected for targeting lysosomes in living cells because of lysosomes′ acidic microenvironment.The A375 tumor-bearing mice were used to assess the imaging ability of Zn5 in vivo.Mouse tumor xenografts were established by injection of A375 cells with 2×10~6 cells per flank.Probe(1 μg·g^(-1)) was administered to mice by injection.Images were obtained using IVIS Spectrum CT Imaging System.RESULTS There is a 11-fold intensity increasing as the pH values changing from 8 to 2.The almost unchanged emission intensities suggest Zn5 is stable in both BSA and serum.Zn5 has negligible cytotoxicity for He La,293 T and CHO-K1 cells.Zn5 can selectively display lysosomes in living cells.Both the 2D and 3D images in vivo distinguish the tumor from other tissues with good fluorescence contrast.CONCLUSION The high chemical stability,emission in the Vis/NIR range,pH sensitivity,a pKa located in the tumor pH range,and low toxicity make Zn5 is suitable for application as a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe for bio-imaging.

Syntheses and Anti-lung Cancer Effects of Two Novel Dy(Ⅲ)Complexes Based on 1,3,5-Benzenetricarbocylic Acid and 1,3,5-Benzenetrisbenzoic Acid,respectively

The reactions of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbocylic acid（H3BTC） and 1,3,5-benzenetrisbenzoic acid（H3BTB） with Dy（NO3）3·6H2O afford two novel Dy（III） coordination polymers respectively, Dy（BTC）（H2O）DMF（1） and [Dy（BTB）（Et OH）]（DMF）（2）（DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide）. 1 shows a 3D framework composed of available Lewis-acid metal sites which are occupied by the coordinated water molecules, and 2 features a noninterpenetrated open 3D framework with a 5-connected bnn hexagonal topology possessing the point symbol（46.64）. In addition, in vitro antitumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 on three human lung cancer cells（H1975, HCC827 and A549） were further determined.

Syntheses and Anti-lung Cancer Activities of Zn(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅱ)Complexes Based on Triazole and Tetrazole,respectively

The reactions of 4H-1,2,4-triazole（Htrz） with ZnCl2, 1H-tetrazole（Htez） and Cu（NO3）2·6H2O afford two novel coordination polymers respectively, {[Zn2（trz）2（ox）]（H2O）3}n（1） and {[Cu3（tez）3（OH）2（H2O）2]（NO3）（DMF）4}n（2）（H2ox =（COOH）2, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide）. 1 shows 1D channels along the a axis filled with water molecules and 2 features a 2D bi-layered framework based on trinuclear Cu（II） units bridged by two μ3-OH groups. In addition, in vitro antitumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 on four human lung cancer cells（16HBE, NCI-H1299, NCI-H460 and NCI-H292） were further determined.

Numerical Study of an Annular Gas Turbine Combustor with Dump Diffuser

A general numerical method is presented for calculating steady three-dimensional and two-phase turbulent reactive flows with a nonstaggered body-fitted coordinate system in an annular gas turbine combustor with the dump diffuser. The modified two-equation model and the EDC turbulent combustion model are used for the gas phase. The liquid phase equations are solved in a Lagrangian frame of reference by PSIC algorithm. The effect of different velocity profiles at the entry of the prediffuser on combustor flow characteristics is calculated.

Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopic studies on coordination between carbonyl group of butanone and metal ions

Two dimensional asynchronous spectra were used to characterize coordination between carbonyl group of butanone and metal ions by using an approach proposed in our recent paper.Spectral variation of n-π^＊transition band of carbonyl group is used to probe the coordination even if metal ions does not possess any characteristic peak in spectra.Experimental results indicate that Ca^2＋ and Al^3＋ show considerable ability to coordinate with the carbonyl group of butanone and bring about spectral variation of the n-π-＊transition band,which is manifested by cross peaks in 2D asynchronous spectra.