3D Engineering Model Retrieval Based on Enhanced Shape Distributions

To reuse and share the valuable knowledge embedded in repositories of engineering models for accelerating the design process, improving product quality, and reducing costs, it is crucial to devise search engines capable of matching 3D models efficiently and effectively. In this paper, an enhanced shape distributions-based technique of using geometrical and topological information to search 3D engineering models represented by polygonal meshes was presented. A simplification method of polygonal meshes was used to simplify engineering model as the pretreatment for generation of sample points. The method of sampling points was improved and a pair of functions that was more sensitive to shape was employed to construct a 2D shape distribution. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm utilizing the Engineering Shape Benchmark (ESB) database. The experiential results suggest that the search effectiveness is significantly improved by enforcing the simplification and enhanced shape distributions to engineering model retrieval.

3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases

Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems by inducing organ-specific symptoms or systemic multi-organ damage.Depending on the infection route and virus type,infectious diseases are classified as respiratory,nervous,immune,digestive,or skin infections.Since these infectious diseases can widely spread in the com-munity and their catastrophic effects are severe,identification of their causative agent and mechanisms un-derlying their pathogenesis is an urgent necessity.Although infection-associated mechanisms have been studied in two-dimensional(2D)cell culture models and animal models,they have shown limitations in organ-specific or human-associated pathogenesis,and the development of a human-organ-mimetic system is required.Recently,three-dimensional(3D)engineered tissue models,which can present human organ-like physiology in terms of the 3D structure,utilization of human-originated cells,recapitulation of physiological stimuli,and tight cell–cell interactions,were developed.Furthermore,recent studies have shown that these models can recapitulate infection-associated pathologies.In this review,we summarized the recent advances in 3D engineered tissue models that mimic organ-specific viral infections.First,we briefly described the limitations of the current 2D and animal models in recapitulating human-specific viral infection pathology.Next,we provided an overview of recently reported viral infection models,focusing particularly on organ-specific infection pathologies.Finally,a future perspective that must be pursued to reconstitute more human-specific infectious diseases is presented.