Experiment on inducing apoptosis of melanoma cells by micro-plasma jet

As a promising cancer treatment method,cold atmospheric plasma has received widespread attention in recent years.However,previous research has focused more on how to realize and expand the anti-cancer scope of plasma jet.There are also studies on the killing of small-scale cancer cells,but the effects of plasma jet on normal cells and normal cell clusters have been ignored.Therefore,we proposed a 50μm sized micro-plasma jet device,and used the device to treat melanoma cells(A-375)and human glial cells(HA1800)to evaluate their anti-cancer effects and effects on normal cells.The experimental results show that this kind of micro-plasma jet device can effectively inactivate cancer cells in a short period of time,while having little effect on normal cells.This work provides a certain experimental basis for the application offine plasma jet to clinically inactivate cancer cells.

Relativistic toroidal light solitons in plasma

In the laser–plasma interaction,relativistic soliton formation is an interesting nonlinear phenomenon and important light mode convection in plasmas.Here,it is shown by threedimensional particle-in-cell simulations that relativistic toroidal solitons,composed of intense light self-consistently trapped in toroidal plasma cavities,can be produced by azimuthallypolarized relativistic laser pulses in a near-critical underdense plasma.

Powder metallurgical 3D nickel current collectors with plasma-induced Ni3N nanocoatings enabling long-life and dendrite-free lithium metal anode

Building three-dimensional(3D) current collectors is a promising strategy to surmount the bottlenecks of lithium metal anodes(LMAs), but the regulation methodology of a 3D current collector has seldom been considered comprehensively concerning both skeleton architectures and surface coatings. Herein, a robust porous 3D nickel skeleton(NS) with lithiophilic NiN nanocoatings(NiN@NS) is synthesized via an integrative route of powder metallurgy/plasma-enhanced nitridation technics. The facile powder metallurgical method facilitates the adjustment of NS architectures toward sufficient electrolyte adsorption and even current density distribution, while the followed plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) method can induce compact NiN nanocoatings on NS, which reduces the Li nucleation overpotential, accelerates the Li-ion transfer, and facilitates a highly reversible oriented texture of Li deposition morphology owing to the dense and homogenous deposition of Li into the pores. The optimized NiN@NS current collector shows a high averaged Coulombic efficiency(CE) of 98.8% over 350cycles, a prolonged lifespan of 1000 h(at 2 mA cm^(-2)) in symmetrical cells, together with the significant performance in full cells. The ingenious methodology reported in this work can also be broadly applicable for the controllable production of other 3D skeletons with nitride nanocoatings for various applications.

Development of 3D Scanning System for Robotic Plasma Processing of Medical Products with Complex Geometries

This paper describes the development of an intelligent automated control system of a robot manipulator for plasma treatment of medical implants with complex shapes.The two-layer coatings from the Ti wire and hydroxyapatite powders are applied on the surface of Ti medical implants by microplasma spraying to increase the biocompatibility of implants.The coating process requires precise control of a number of parameters,particularly the plasma spray distance and plasma jet traverse velocity.Thus,the development of the robotic plasma surface treatment involves automated path planning.The key idea of the proposed intelligent automatic control system is the use of data of preliminary three-dimensional (3D) scanning of the processed implant by the robot manipulator.The segmentation algorithm of the point cloud from laser scanning of the surface is developed.This methodology is suitable for robotic 3D scanning systems with both non-contact laser distance sensors and video cameras,used in additive manufacturing and medicine.

检测血浆(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖对深部真菌感染诊断的研究

目的研究检测临床患者血浆(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖的含量,以便对危重病人深部真菌感染早发现、早治疗,降低死亡率。方法应用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统,并以传统真菌培养方法作平行对照实验,分析比较深部真菌感染组和非深部真菌感染组血浆(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖的水平。结果16例深部真菌感染组的(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖水平为51.7±66.5 pg/mL,明显高于正常非深部真菌感染组8.6±25.2 pg/mL(P<0.05),且比传统培养方法快速、准确。结论血浆(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖的含量检测用于临床诊断深部真菌感染,具有敏感性高、特异性强、快速准确等特点。

血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖诊断深部真菌感染的临床研究

目的探讨血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖对早期诊断深部真菌感染的临床价值。方法收集2009年3月～11月间在北京友谊医院感染科住院患者174例,根据侵袭性真菌感染诊断标准,将患者分为排除深部真菌组、确诊组、临床诊断组、拟诊组。应用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统,检测各组患者血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖水平,分析比较深部真菌感染组和非深部真菌感染组血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖的水平。结果深部真菌感染组血清(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖含量为(153.4±37.0)pg/mL,排除深部真菌感染组血清(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖含量为(54.6±8.6)pg/mL,两组间有统计学差异(t=3.4,P<0.01);分析血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖诊断深部真菌感染,以20 pg/mL为诊断阈值,其准确率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为70.1%、87.5%、61.9%、52.1%、91.2%。确诊病例、临床诊断病例、拟诊病例,3组间血清(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖含量无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论深部真菌感染组的葡聚糖水平明显高于排除深部真菌感染组的葡聚糖水平,具有统计学意义。以20 pg/mL为诊断阈值,其准确率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为70.1%、87.5%、61.9%、52.1%、91.2%,可作为深部真菌感染的最佳诊断阈值。

血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测诊断侵袭性真菌感染的价值

目的探讨血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测在侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的诊断价值。方法我院2009年1-12月对怀疑有真菌感染的147例患儿,应用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统检测其血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖的含量,比较IFI组与非IFI组血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖水平,应用ROC曲线确定最佳临界值。结果 147例患儿中IFI组32例,非IFI组115例;IFI组血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖水平明显高于非IFI组(P<0.01);血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖试验阳性率(32.7%)高于真菌培养法(5.9%)(x^2=14.85,P<0.01);血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖试验检测IFI组的ROC曲线下面积0.863,大于真菌培养法;使用最佳临界值16.7pg/mL诊断IFI的灵敏度(84.4%)和特异度(81.7%)最高。结论血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖试验可用于临床诊断IFI,应结合其他微生物诊断方法,才能获得及时准确的诊断,从而提高IFI的治愈率,改善患者预后。

联合检测血浆及支气管肺泡灌洗液(1-3)β-D-葡聚糖对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的临床诊治价值

目的:探讨联合检测血浆及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)(1-3)β-D-葡聚糖对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的临床诊治价值。方法:选取2014年6月-2016年5月期间本院确诊治疗的侵袭性肺部感染患者100例作为感染组,依据病原菌性质分为真菌组42例和细菌组58例,同期选取体检中心健康人员30例作为健康组。采用乳胶增强免疫比浊法检测(1-3)β-D-葡聚糖水平(G试验),ROC曲线分析血浆及BALF的G试验对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的诊断价值,统计分析所有研究对象血浆、BALF的G试验情况。结果:真菌组患者血浆、BALF的G试验水平明显高于健康组和细菌组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,BALF的G试验以10 ng/L为临界值时,诊断侵袭性肺部真菌感染的敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为76.83%、89.73%、84.59%;血浆G试验以20 ng/L为临界值时,其诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为78.47%、91.68%、84.43%;两者联合时,其诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为85.92%、96.41%、93.28%。在诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度方面比较,BALF的G试验<血浆G试验<两者联合,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血浆及BALF的G试验水平变化与侵袭性肺部真菌感染有关,联合检测其水平对侵袭性肺部真菌感染具有更为良好的敏感性、特异性和准确性,值得临床作进一步推广。

血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的诊断价值

为评价(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测(G试验)对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的诊断价值,对肺部感染患者130例行G试验,并将试验结果与病原学诊断结果相比较,计算G试验的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确性。结果表明:G试验对侵袭性肺部真菌感染的灵敏度为76.5%(13/17),特异性为80.7%(88/109),阳性预测值为38.2%(13/34),阴性预测值为95.7%(88/92),准确性为80.2%(101/126)。G试验是一项安全可靠的技术,对排除侵袭性肺部真菌感染有较高的价值,结合其它指标有可能提高诊断的准确性。

真菌培养和血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖检测在深部真菌感染诊断中的应用价值

目的评价真菌培养、血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖检测(G试验)在深部真菌感染(DFI)中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析105例疑似DFI患者G试验检测结果、不同部位真菌培养结果,以临床综合诊断结果为准,对比上述两种方法及联合检测诊断DFI的价值。结果 105例疑似DFI患者确诊96例,G试验阳性诊断符合率为72.92%,真菌培养阳性诊断符合率为86.46%,联合G试验和真菌培养阳性诊断符合率为93.75%。一致性检验提示,G试验与临床综合诊断Kappa=0.502,真菌培养与临床综合诊断Kappa=0.618,联合检测Kappa=0.735。G试验、真菌培养、联合检测诊断DFI的灵敏度、特异度、曲线下面积分别为72.01%、70.28%、0.725;83.25%、71.02%、0.803;89.15%、76.32%、0.922。结论真菌培养和G试验对DFI均有较高诊断价值,与临床综合诊断均有较好一致性,联合检测可提高诊断DFI灵敏度、准确度和可信度。

血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测在真菌性鼻窦炎诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测在真菌性鼻窦炎中的临床诊断价值。方法回顾性分析因鼻部疾病在我院接受手术治疗的87例患者的临床资料,以病理诊断结果为依据分为两组:实验组41例(真菌性鼻窦炎组)和对照组46例(非真菌性鼻窦炎组)。分别检测两组患者手术前后血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖的变化,以评估血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖含量在真菌性鼻窦炎的敏感性及特异性。结果实验组术前血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖平均值显著高于对照组(18.3±3.2 vs 2.5±3.4)pg/ml,差异具有统计学意义(t=22.24,P<0.05);实验组术后血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖平均值显著低于实验组术前平均值(2.8±2.6 vs 18.3±3.2)pg/ml,差异具有统计学意义(t=24.07,P<0.05);血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测诊断真菌性鼻窦炎的敏感性为95.1%,特异性为84.8%。结论血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测诊断真菌性鼻窦炎具有快速、可靠等优点,有较高的敏感性。血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖亦可用于监测治疗效果。该检测方法值得临床推广。

(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖在不同证据级别的侵袭性肺曲霉病中的表现

目的分析(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖实验(G实验)在不同证据级别的侵袭性肺曲霉病中的表现。方法选取2014年1月-2017年12月在广东省人民医院诊断为侵袭性肺曲霉病的患者病例信息,收集患者临床信息:人口学资料、肺穿刺组织病理结果、呼吸道标本(痰、纤支镜冲洗液、肺泡灌洗液)培养结果、G实验结果。根据病理和培养的结果分为3组:病理+培养双阳性组、单培养阳性组、单病理阳性组。结果最后纳入分析的病例76例,男性46人,女性30人,平均年龄59±21岁。分组结果为:单病理阳性组39例(41.5%),病理+培养双阳性组10例(10.6%),单培养阳性组45例(47.9%)。3组的G实验阳性率有统计学差异(χ^2=9.34,P=0.036),进行两两比较发现,a调整为0.0125后,双阳性组的G实验阳性率显著高于单病理阳性组(χ^2=9.06,P1=0.004),G实验的中位值也是双阳性组最高(249.30pg/ml)。呼吸道标本培养最常见的是烟曲霉36例(占61.02%),其次是黄曲霉12例(占20.34%),但不同曲霉感染其G实验结果无统计学差异(H=4.021,P=0.403)。结论病理阳性的侵袭性肺曲霉患者其G实验的结果不一定高,最好结合培养结果进行诊断。

血浆中1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测在肺部真菌感染中的应用价值

目的探讨血浆中1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测在肺部真菌感染中的应用价值。方法将该院肺部真菌感染患者40例设为A组,细菌性肺炎患者40例设为B组,健康者40例设为C组,检测其血浆中1,3-β-D-葡聚糖含量。结果 A组患者血浆l,3-β-D-葡聚糖含量明显高于B组、C组,两者分别比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血浆中1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测在肺部真菌感染中的应用价值较大,值得应用。

血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖和半乳甘露聚糖在侵袭性真菌感染诊断中的应用进展

血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖(BG)和半乳甘露聚糖抗原(GM)存在于不同真菌的细胞壁中。作为真菌细胞壁表面的抗原性标志物,它们可通过酶联免疫分析等方法进行检测。该检测方法较痰培养等方法快捷、敏感性及特异性更高,且具有无创性,可用于侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的早期诊断,同时对于疾病疗效的监测及评价预后有较高的价值,近年来已越来越广泛地应用于临床。

血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测对临床侵袭性真菌感染诊断价值的研究

目的对临床疑似侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)患者进行血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测和真菌培养鉴定结果比较,评估血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测诊断IFI感染的实用价值。方法对疑似IFI感染患者131例抽取静脉血分离血浆,检测(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖;于发热时采静脉血做真菌培养鉴定,并进行分析。结果 131例疑似IFI患者血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖阳性率为41.22%,真菌培养阳性率为37.40%。2种方法检测阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以真菌培养结果为参照,血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测敏感性为95.92,特异性为91.46,阳性预测值为87.04,阴性预测值为97.40。结论血浆(1-3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测具有较高的敏感性和特异性,对临床IFI的诊断具有实用价值。

3DPMD-Arc-based additive manufacturing with titanium powder as raw material

The study aims to demonstrate the suitability of the 3DPMD for the production of titanium components with and without reinforcing particles in layer-by-layer design. Various demonstrators are prepared and analyzed. The microstructure, the porosity and the hardness values of the different structures are compared with each other through metallographic cross-sections. The uniform distribution of the carbides and the interaction with the matrix was analyzed by SEM and EDX.The miller-test method(ASTM G75-07) was used to determine data for the relative abrasivity of the structures. In summary, 3DPMD offers the possibility to produce titanium structures with and without reinforced particles. Using automated routines, it is possible to generate metal structures using welding robots directly from the CAD drawings. Microstructures and properties are directly related to the process and therefore material-process-property relationships are discussed within this work.

基于微束等离子3D打印平台的构建及工艺研究

发源于快速成形技术的金属3D打印技术已经成为金属零件直接制造技术的研究热点和重要发展方向。针对现有激光、电子束设备昂贵、运行成本高的问题,提出了一种基于微束等离子金属3D打印直接成形方法,并系统的介绍了该方法的成形机理和系统组成,设计开发了基于微束等离子金属3D打印的机械系统、控制系统,并采用该系统进行成形金属基础工艺的研究。实验结果表明,扫描速度与送丝速度之间存在关联性;当搭接率为40%时,两平行焊道之间能良好的结合;当堆焊层数大于等于5层时,焊道的宽高值趋于稳定,从而为后续直接成形金属提供了理论和实验基础。

血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖对AIDS合并CM预后评估价值研究

目的:探讨血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖对获得性免疫缺陷综合症(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,AIDS)合并隐球菌性脑膜炎(Cryptococcal meningitis,CM)患者预后评估的价值。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月1日至2020年12月31日贵阳市公共卫生救治中心收治的66例AIDS合并CM患者的临床病例资料,按照1年内生存状况分为生存组(56例)和死亡组(10例),收集两组患者性别、年龄、传播途径、临床症状(头痛、发热、呕吐及意识障碍),头颅影像学检查、入院时实验室检查(CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、血浆HIV-RNA病毒载量、外周血血红蛋白、外周白细胞计数、外周血中性粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白、血沉、PCT、脑脊液葡萄糖、脑脊液氯化物及脑脊液蛋白、脑脊液培养、脑脊液涂片、血液隐球菌培养、血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖浓度)及抗真菌治疗后第一次血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖浓度。多因素Logistic回归分析AIDS合并CM患者死亡危险因素。受试者工作特征曲线ROC分析血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖浓度预测AIDS合并CM患者死亡的价值。结果:单因素分析显示PCT、CD4+T淋巴细胞、血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖浓度是AIDS合并CM患者死亡危险因素(P均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示高浓度血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖是AIDS合并CM患者独立死亡危险影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,抗真菌治疗前血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖为65.63pg/mL时患者死亡的曲线下面积最大(0.787,95%CI 0.665~0.910),其敏感度和特异度较高(分别为90.0%和62.5%,P<0.05)。结论:血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖对AIDS合并CM患者预后具有较高的评估价值,当血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖>65.63pg/mL提示患者死亡风险高。

The Gas Nucleation Process Study of Anatase TiO_2 in Atmospheric Non-Thermal Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

Abstract The gas phase nucleation process of anatase TiO2 in atmospheric non-thermal plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition is studied. The particles synthesized in the plasma gas phase at different power density were collected outside of the reactor. The structure of the collected particles has been investigated by field scanning electron microscope （FESEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） and selected area electron diffraction （SAED）. The analysis shows that uniform crystalline nuclei with average size of several nanometers have been formed in the scale of micro second through this reactive atmo- spheric plasma gas process. The crystallinity of the nanoparticles increases with power density. The high density of crystalline nanonuclei in the plasma gas phase and the low gas temperature are beneficial to the fast deposition of the 3D porous anatase TiO2 film.