背景:发育性髋关节发育不良患者常有一个浅髋臼、笔直狭窄的股骨管等解剖结构的广泛扭曲,尤其是面对高度脱位的发育性髋关节发育不良患者,实施手术治疗时具有很大的挑战性。近年来,3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的效...背景:发育性髋关节发育不良患者常有一个浅髋臼、笔直狭窄的股骨管等解剖结构的广泛扭曲,尤其是面对高度脱位的发育性髋关节发育不良患者,实施手术治疗时具有很大的挑战性。近年来,3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的效果及预后较好,可用于术前诊断、术前手术规划、术中建立3D导航模板、明确术前髋臼严重程度及术后髋臼重建矫正评估,具有良好的发展前景。目的:探讨3D打印多孔钽金属治疗髋关节发育不良的最新研究进展。方法:采用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed、MDPI、BMC Biotechnology、Web of Science和Springer link数据库中有关3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的研究资料,检索时限为1970-2022年。根据纳入和排除标准,最终共选取58篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)多孔钽金属主要有生物兼容性、骨整合性和骨诱导性等生物学特性及生物力学特性,有效地促进了新骨、新的血管及神经的良好生长。(2)3D打印多孔钽金属是由3D打印成型技术、天然金属材料-多孔钽金属联合运用方案,目前主要在发育性髋关节发育不良及髋关节骨缺损患者中评价这一方案的有效性。(3)3D打印多孔钽金属良好的术前计划能有效改善发育性髋关节发育不良、髋关节骨缺损的术后效果,并为假体植入物做好术前个体化规划的准备,能有效避免术中障碍和充分解决患者特异性畸形,直接影响手术结果,应用前景较好。(4)目前,应用3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的短期疗效在动物模型及部分文献中得到验证,但缺乏中长期随访结果。展开更多
Conventional surface seismic exploration in areas with complex surfaces such as karst landforms has been faced with the problem of poor excitation and reception conditions.RVSP(reverse vertical seismic profile)seismic...Conventional surface seismic exploration in areas with complex surfaces such as karst landforms has been faced with the problem of poor excitation and reception conditions.RVSP(reverse vertical seismic profile)seismic exploration adopts a geometry in which the sources are downhole and receivers are on the ground which can reduce the influence of complex surfaces on seismic wave propagation(to some extent).Through numerical simulations and real data analysis,it was noted that in areas with complex surfaces and large numbers of underground karst caves,seismic waves generated in shallow boreholes are easily affected by various surface and multiple waves as well as by scattering from karst bodies.Therefore,the quality of the reflected seismic data is extremely low.Also,it is difficult to improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR)with conventional noise filtering methods.However,when the source depth is increased,the quality of the reflected waves can be improved.This is exactly what the RVSP method accomplishes.Besides,for the RVSP method,due to its particular geometry,the apparent velocities of the reflected waves and most interference waves are quite different,which can help to filter most noise to further improve the SNR of the reflected signals.In this study,a 3 D-RVSP exploration study using 8-hole joint acquisition was conducted in a typical karst landform.The results show that the 3 D-RVSP method can obtain higher quality seismic data for complex surface conditions that have large numbers of underground karst caves.Furthermore,multi-hole joint acquisition for 3 D-RVSP has higher data collection efficiency and better uniformity of underground coverage.Therefore,in this study,38 faults were accurately revealed and at high resolution based on the 3 D-RVSP imaging results.展开更多
The development of highly efficient and cost-effective electrode materials for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for water splitting technology.The increase in the number of active sites by tunin...The development of highly efficient and cost-effective electrode materials for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for water splitting technology.The increase in the number of active sites by tuning the morphology and structure and the enhancement of the reactivity of active sites by the incorporation of other components are the two main strategies for the enhancement of their catalytic performance.In this study,by combining these two strategies,a unique three-dimensional nanoporous Fe-Co oxyhydroxide layer coated on the carbon cloth(3D-FeCoOOH/CC)was successfully synthesized by in situ electro-oxidation methods,and directly used as a working electrode.The electrode,3D-FeCoOOH/CC,was obtained by the Fe doping process in(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2,followed by continuous in situ electro-oxidization in alkaline medium of“micro go chess piece”arrays on the carbon cloth(MCPAs/CC).Micro characterizations illustrated that the go pieces of MCPAs/CC were completely converted into a thin conformal coating on the carbon cloth fibers.The electrochemical test results showed that the as-synthesized 3D-FeCoOOH/CC exhibited enhanced activity for OER with a low overpotential of 259 mV,at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2,and a small Tafel slope of 34.9 mV dec^–1,as well as superior stability in 1.0 mol L^–1 KOH solution.The extensive analysis revealed that the improved electrochemical surface area,conductivity,Fe-Co bimetallic composition,and the unique 3D porous structure together contributed to the enhanced OER activity of 3D-FeCoOOH/CC.Furthermore,the synthetic strategy applied in this study could be extended to fabricate a series of Co-based electrode materials with the dopant of other transition elements.展开更多
Designing and fabricating cheap and active bifunctional materials is crucial for the development of renewable energy technologies.In this article,three-dimensional nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials(NDPC-X,in whic...Designing and fabricating cheap and active bifunctional materials is crucial for the development of renewable energy technologies.In this article,three-dimensional nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials(NDPC-X,in which X represents the pyrolysis temperature) were fabricated by simultaneous carbonization and activation of polypyrrole-coated paper towel protected by a silica layer followed by acid etching.The material had a high specific surface area(1,123.40 m^2/g).The as-obtained NDPC-900 displayed outstanding activity as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) as well as an electrode with a high specific capacitance in a supercapacitor in an alkaline medium.The NDPC-900 catalyst for the ORR exhibited a more positive reduction peak potential of à0.068 V(vs.Hg|HgCl^2) than that of Pt/C(-0.121 V),as well as better cycling stability and stronger methanol tolerance.Moreover,the NDPC-900 had a high specific capacitance of 379.50 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g,with a retention rate of 94.5% after 10,000 cycles in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte when used as an electrode in a supercapacitor.All these results were attributed to the effect of a large surface area,which provided electrochemically active sites.This work introduces an effective way to use biomass-derived materials for the synthesis of promising bifunctional carbon material for electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.展开更多
文摘背景:发育性髋关节发育不良患者常有一个浅髋臼、笔直狭窄的股骨管等解剖结构的广泛扭曲,尤其是面对高度脱位的发育性髋关节发育不良患者,实施手术治疗时具有很大的挑战性。近年来,3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的效果及预后较好,可用于术前诊断、术前手术规划、术中建立3D导航模板、明确术前髋臼严重程度及术后髋臼重建矫正评估,具有良好的发展前景。目的:探讨3D打印多孔钽金属治疗髋关节发育不良的最新研究进展。方法:采用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed、MDPI、BMC Biotechnology、Web of Science和Springer link数据库中有关3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的研究资料,检索时限为1970-2022年。根据纳入和排除标准,最终共选取58篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)多孔钽金属主要有生物兼容性、骨整合性和骨诱导性等生物学特性及生物力学特性,有效地促进了新骨、新的血管及神经的良好生长。(2)3D打印多孔钽金属是由3D打印成型技术、天然金属材料-多孔钽金属联合运用方案,目前主要在发育性髋关节发育不良及髋关节骨缺损患者中评价这一方案的有效性。(3)3D打印多孔钽金属良好的术前计划能有效改善发育性髋关节发育不良、髋关节骨缺损的术后效果,并为假体植入物做好术前个体化规划的准备,能有效避免术中障碍和充分解决患者特异性畸形,直接影响手术结果,应用前景较好。(4)目前,应用3D打印多孔钽金属个体化治疗发育性髋关节发育不良的短期疗效在动物模型及部分文献中得到验证,但缺乏中长期随访结果。
基金funded jointly by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0804105)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2015XKMS036)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20160245)a Project Funded by Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Conventional surface seismic exploration in areas with complex surfaces such as karst landforms has been faced with the problem of poor excitation and reception conditions.RVSP(reverse vertical seismic profile)seismic exploration adopts a geometry in which the sources are downhole and receivers are on the ground which can reduce the influence of complex surfaces on seismic wave propagation(to some extent).Through numerical simulations and real data analysis,it was noted that in areas with complex surfaces and large numbers of underground karst caves,seismic waves generated in shallow boreholes are easily affected by various surface and multiple waves as well as by scattering from karst bodies.Therefore,the quality of the reflected seismic data is extremely low.Also,it is difficult to improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR)with conventional noise filtering methods.However,when the source depth is increased,the quality of the reflected waves can be improved.This is exactly what the RVSP method accomplishes.Besides,for the RVSP method,due to its particular geometry,the apparent velocities of the reflected waves and most interference waves are quite different,which can help to filter most noise to further improve the SNR of the reflected signals.In this study,a 3 D-RVSP exploration study using 8-hole joint acquisition was conducted in a typical karst landform.The results show that the 3 D-RVSP method can obtain higher quality seismic data for complex surface conditions that have large numbers of underground karst caves.Furthermore,multi-hole joint acquisition for 3 D-RVSP has higher data collection efficiency and better uniformity of underground coverage.Therefore,in this study,38 faults were accurately revealed and at high resolution based on the 3 D-RVSP imaging results.
基金supported by the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong (ts201511027)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (2018GGX102030)+1 种基金support from the “Hundred Talent Program” of Chinese academy of Sciences (CAS) (RENZI[2015] 70HAO, Y5100619AM),DICP and QIBEBT (UN201804),Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy (DNL),CASResearch Innovation Fund (QIBEBT SZ201801)~~
文摘The development of highly efficient and cost-effective electrode materials for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for water splitting technology.The increase in the number of active sites by tuning the morphology and structure and the enhancement of the reactivity of active sites by the incorporation of other components are the two main strategies for the enhancement of their catalytic performance.In this study,by combining these two strategies,a unique three-dimensional nanoporous Fe-Co oxyhydroxide layer coated on the carbon cloth(3D-FeCoOOH/CC)was successfully synthesized by in situ electro-oxidation methods,and directly used as a working electrode.The electrode,3D-FeCoOOH/CC,was obtained by the Fe doping process in(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2,followed by continuous in situ electro-oxidization in alkaline medium of“micro go chess piece”arrays on the carbon cloth(MCPAs/CC).Micro characterizations illustrated that the go pieces of MCPAs/CC were completely converted into a thin conformal coating on the carbon cloth fibers.The electrochemical test results showed that the as-synthesized 3D-FeCoOOH/CC exhibited enhanced activity for OER with a low overpotential of 259 mV,at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2,and a small Tafel slope of 34.9 mV dec^–1,as well as superior stability in 1.0 mol L^–1 KOH solution.The extensive analysis revealed that the improved electrochemical surface area,conductivity,Fe-Co bimetallic composition,and the unique 3D porous structure together contributed to the enhanced OER activity of 3D-FeCoOOH/CC.Furthermore,the synthetic strategy applied in this study could be extended to fabricate a series of Co-based electrode materials with the dopant of other transition elements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51473008,51672019)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0206900)the 111 Project(B14009)
文摘Designing and fabricating cheap and active bifunctional materials is crucial for the development of renewable energy technologies.In this article,three-dimensional nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials(NDPC-X,in which X represents the pyrolysis temperature) were fabricated by simultaneous carbonization and activation of polypyrrole-coated paper towel protected by a silica layer followed by acid etching.The material had a high specific surface area(1,123.40 m^2/g).The as-obtained NDPC-900 displayed outstanding activity as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) as well as an electrode with a high specific capacitance in a supercapacitor in an alkaline medium.The NDPC-900 catalyst for the ORR exhibited a more positive reduction peak potential of à0.068 V(vs.Hg|HgCl^2) than that of Pt/C(-0.121 V),as well as better cycling stability and stronger methanol tolerance.Moreover,the NDPC-900 had a high specific capacitance of 379.50 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g,with a retention rate of 94.5% after 10,000 cycles in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte when used as an electrode in a supercapacitor.All these results were attributed to the effect of a large surface area,which provided electrochemically active sites.This work introduces an effective way to use biomass-derived materials for the synthesis of promising bifunctional carbon material for electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.
