目的探讨3D血管模拟系统在血管外科临床教学中的教学效果。方法将血管外科临床实习生158人,根据随机数字法分为实验组和对照组,对照组采用“传统的理论授课+手术带教”模式教学,实验组采用“传统理论授课+手术带教+2周的3D血管模拟系统...目的探讨3D血管模拟系统在血管外科临床教学中的教学效果。方法将血管外科临床实习生158人,根据随机数字法分为实验组和对照组,对照组采用“传统的理论授课+手术带教”模式教学,实验组采用“传统理论授课+手术带教+2周的3D血管模拟系统训练”教学模式,观察两组学生的理论考试成绩,血管造影手术的穿刺成功率、并发症和手术操作参数的差异。结果两组学生的理论成绩及格率差异无统计学意义,但实验组学生平均成绩更高(8.91±1.25 vs.8.22±1.54,P=0.01)。实验组学生总穿刺成功率和3针穿刺成功率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),但5针穿刺成功率无差别。实验组学生血管穿刺时间明显低于对照组(11.81±7.62 min vs.8.45±5.64 min,P<0.001)。结业考核时,实验组学生掌握血管造影学习时间(3.66±0.66 min vs.4.11±0.77 min,P<0.01)、手术时间(34.24±10.40 min vs.41.86±12.83 min,P<0.01)、单次射线照射时间(494.14±239.46 s vs.643.19±242.37 s,P<0.01)、患者累积皮肤表面照射剂量(400.27±152.74 mGy vs.469.63±184.38 mGy,P=0.01)均明显低于对照组,两组患者剂量面积值无明显差异。结论应用3D血管模拟系统辅助教学能够显著提高血管外科临床医学生的临床技能成绩,降低医学生单次介入操作的辐射时间和辐射量,具有推广价值。展开更多
Memristor based artificial synapses have demonstrated great potential for bioinspired neuromorphic computing in recent years. To emulate synaptic fimctions, such as short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation/dep...Memristor based artificial synapses have demonstrated great potential for bioinspired neuromorphic computing in recent years. To emulate synaptic fimctions, such as short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation/depression, square pulses or combined complex pulse groups are applied on the device. However, in biological neuron systems, the action potentials are analog pulses with similar amplitudes. Furthermore, in biological systems, the intensity of the stimulus is coded into the frequency of action potentials to modulate the weight of synapses. Toward this programming method, we applied a series of analog spiking pulses with same peaks on Ru/TiOJTiN 3D memristor to emulate synaptic functions, such as long-term potentiation/depression and synaptic saturation. Moreover, we demonstrated the conductance change of the device under different stimulus frequencies of analog spiking pulses and described the statistical results of conductance change value, which shows that the device conductance has a larger change value under a higher spiking frequency with identical pulse number. These results show that the analog spiking pulses can well modulate the memristor-based synaptic weight and have a great potential for bioinspired computing in the future.展开更多
3D (three-dimensional) process simulation is currently one of the most challenging fields of research on debris flow.Large scale terrain rendering is the most basic task of 3D scenery construction in debris flow simul...3D (three-dimensional) process simulation is currently one of the most challenging fields of research on debris flow.Large scale terrain rendering is the most basic task of 3D scenery construction in debris flow simulation.As the major trigger for debris flow,rainfall will substantially enhance the realistic sense.Terrain and rainfall rendering in 3D debris flow simulations poses great challenges for numerical computation and graphical processing capability.In this paper,we propose to integrate GPU technology,LoD algorithms,and particle systems to realize 3D scenery modeling and rendering.The real-time LoD-based terrain modeling and rendering algorithm is presented first,and then a particle system-based rainfall scenery rendering method is implemented.Experimental results demonstrate that the 3D scenery rendered with the proposed approach exhibits sound performance and fair visual effects,which lays a solid foundation for the whole process simulation of debris flow disasters.展开更多
文摘目的探讨3D血管模拟系统在血管外科临床教学中的教学效果。方法将血管外科临床实习生158人,根据随机数字法分为实验组和对照组,对照组采用“传统的理论授课+手术带教”模式教学,实验组采用“传统理论授课+手术带教+2周的3D血管模拟系统训练”教学模式,观察两组学生的理论考试成绩,血管造影手术的穿刺成功率、并发症和手术操作参数的差异。结果两组学生的理论成绩及格率差异无统计学意义,但实验组学生平均成绩更高(8.91±1.25 vs.8.22±1.54,P=0.01)。实验组学生总穿刺成功率和3针穿刺成功率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),但5针穿刺成功率无差别。实验组学生血管穿刺时间明显低于对照组(11.81±7.62 min vs.8.45±5.64 min,P<0.001)。结业考核时,实验组学生掌握血管造影学习时间(3.66±0.66 min vs.4.11±0.77 min,P<0.01)、手术时间(34.24±10.40 min vs.41.86±12.83 min,P<0.01)、单次射线照射时间(494.14±239.46 s vs.643.19±242.37 s,P<0.01)、患者累积皮肤表面照射剂量(400.27±152.74 mGy vs.469.63±184.38 mGy,P=0.01)均明显低于对照组,两组患者剂量面积值无明显差异。结论应用3D血管模拟系统辅助教学能够显著提高血管外科临床医学生的临床技能成绩,降低医学生单次介入操作的辐射时间和辐射量,具有推广价值。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61521064,61422407,61474136,61574166,and61522408)the National High Technology Research Development Program(Grant Nos.2017YFB0405603,and 2016YFA0201803)+1 种基金Beijing Training Project for the Leading Talents in S&T(Grant No.ljrc201508)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices&Integrated Technology,Institute of Microelectronics,the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Memristor based artificial synapses have demonstrated great potential for bioinspired neuromorphic computing in recent years. To emulate synaptic fimctions, such as short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation/depression, square pulses or combined complex pulse groups are applied on the device. However, in biological neuron systems, the action potentials are analog pulses with similar amplitudes. Furthermore, in biological systems, the intensity of the stimulus is coded into the frequency of action potentials to modulate the weight of synapses. Toward this programming method, we applied a series of analog spiking pulses with same peaks on Ru/TiOJTiN 3D memristor to emulate synaptic functions, such as long-term potentiation/depression and synaptic saturation. Moreover, we demonstrated the conductance change of the device under different stimulus frequencies of analog spiking pulses and described the statistical results of conductance change value, which shows that the device conductance has a larger change value under a higher spiking frequency with identical pulse number. These results show that the analog spiking pulses can well modulate the memristor-based synaptic weight and have a great potential for bioinspired computing in the future.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2010CB731504)the One Hundred Person Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.110900K242)+1 种基金the West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. Y1R2030030)the Youth Talent Team Program of IMHE,Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.SDSQB-2010-03)
文摘3D (three-dimensional) process simulation is currently one of the most challenging fields of research on debris flow.Large scale terrain rendering is the most basic task of 3D scenery construction in debris flow simulation.As the major trigger for debris flow,rainfall will substantially enhance the realistic sense.Terrain and rainfall rendering in 3D debris flow simulations poses great challenges for numerical computation and graphical processing capability.In this paper,we propose to integrate GPU technology,LoD algorithms,and particle systems to realize 3D scenery modeling and rendering.The real-time LoD-based terrain modeling and rendering algorithm is presented first,and then a particle system-based rainfall scenery rendering method is implemented.Experimental results demonstrate that the 3D scenery rendered with the proposed approach exhibits sound performance and fair visual effects,which lays a solid foundation for the whole process simulation of debris flow disasters.
