The mixture containing trans and cis former of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）cyclohexanol was prepared by hydrogenation of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）phenol with ruthenium/carbon catalysts.Isomerization rea...The mixture containing trans and cis former of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）cyclohexanol was prepared by hydrogenation of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）phenol with ruthenium/carbon catalysts.Isomerization reaction was performed at 200℃ without separating catalysts,the mass ratio of trans former to cis former was 71.1:28.9,the yield of trans-4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）cyclohexanol was 56.3%.The product was characterized by IR,MS,DSC and13C NMR.The possible reaction mechanism was also dicussed.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the role of genetic polymorphisms in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in hereditary haemochromatosis.METHODS:A cohort of 245 well-characterised C282Y homozygous patients with haemochromatosis was...AIM:To investigate the role of genetic polymorphisms in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in hereditary haemochromatosis.METHODS:A cohort of 245 well-characterised C282Y homozygous patients with haemochromatosis was studied,with all subjects having liver biopsy data and DNA available for testing.This study assessed the association of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in a total of six genes including toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),oxoguanine DNA glycosylase,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 and interleukin-10 with liver disease severity.Genotyping was performed using high resolution melt analysis and sequencing.The results were analysed in relation to the stage of hepatic fibrosis in multivariate analysis incorporating other cofactors including alcohol consumption and hepatic iron concentration.RESULTS:There were significant associations between the cofactors of male gender(P=0.0001),increasing age(P=0.006),alcohol consumption(P=0.0001),steatosis(P=0.03),hepatic iron concentration(P<0.0001)and the presence of hepatic fibrosis.Of the candidate gene polymorphisms studied,none showed a significant association with hepatic fibrosis in univariate or multivariate analysis incorporating cofactors.We also specifically studied patients with hepatic iron loading above threshold levels for cirrhosis and compared the genetic polymorphisms between those with no fibrosis vs cirrhosis however there was no significant effect from any of the candidate genes studied.Importantly,in this large,well characterised cohort of patients there was no association between SNPs for TGF-βor TLR4and the presence of fibrosis,cirrhosis or increasing fibrosis stage in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION:In our large,well characterised group of haemochromatosis subjects we did not demonstrate any relationship between candidate gene polymorphisms and hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.展开更多
背景:随着无牙颌修复需求增加,“All-on-4”技术被广泛应用。种植体与天然牙的载荷传递方式不同,三维有限元分析可研究功能载荷作用下种植体及周围骨组织的应力分布,并在此基础上为寻找适合的种植体材料、优化种植体的几何结构、设计临...背景:随着无牙颌修复需求增加,“All-on-4”技术被广泛应用。种植体与天然牙的载荷传递方式不同,三维有限元分析可研究功能载荷作用下种植体及周围骨组织的应力分布,并在此基础上为寻找适合的种植体材料、优化种植体的几何结构、设计临床手术方案提供了研究方法。目的:对三维有限元分析法在“All-on-4”技术方面的相关研究作一综述。方法:检索中国知网和PubMed数据库2003-2023年相关文献,英文检索词为“Finite Element Method,All-on-4,edentulous,Biomechanics”,中文检索词为“有限元,All-on-4,无牙颌,生物力学”,根据纳入排除标准筛选符合标准的文献,最终纳入65篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:①对水平骨量不足的情况,研究者们可以选择应用窄直径种植体,但需要注意悬臂的存在对应力分布的影响,降低失败的风险。②“All-on-4”概念通过倾斜远中种植体的方法,减少骨的应力分布,但在不同的颌骨类型中,远中种植体倾斜的理想角度还需要进一步的研究。③悬臂的存在会增加种植失败的风险,将悬臂长度/AP距(CL/AP)的比值控制在0.9时,有助于减少机械并发症的发生。④用弹性模量较低的材料制作支架时,支架自身的应力较小,但会增加种植体、中央螺丝、基台及种植体周围骨组织的应力,相反使用弹性模量较大的材料,会降低修复体组件和种植体周围骨组织的应力,但支架本身的应力较高。⑤“All-on-4”概念可以实现较好的力学平衡,但需结合患者自身的具体情况制定一个长期有效的治疗方案。⑥合理的咬合设计是影响种植治疗成功的关键,尖牙引导牙合和组牙功能牙合在修复体的寿命方面无差异。然而,影响咬合设计的原因有很多,未来还需要进一步的体外实验以及大量临床研究来探索“All-on-4”理想的咬合设计。展开更多
文摘The mixture containing trans and cis former of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）cyclohexanol was prepared by hydrogenation of 4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）phenol with ruthenium/carbon catalysts.Isomerization reaction was performed at 200℃ without separating catalysts,the mass ratio of trans former to cis former was 71.1:28.9,the yield of trans-4-（trans-4’-n-propylcyclohexyl）cyclohexanol was 56.3%.The product was characterized by IR,MS,DSC and13C NMR.The possible reaction mechanism was also dicussed.
基金Supported by NHMRC Medical Postgraduate Scholarship and the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Research Foundation to Wood MJthe National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)to Ramm GA and Powell LW+1 种基金the recipient of an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship,1024672 to Subramaniam VNan NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship,No.552409 to Ramm GA
文摘AIM:To investigate the role of genetic polymorphisms in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in hereditary haemochromatosis.METHODS:A cohort of 245 well-characterised C282Y homozygous patients with haemochromatosis was studied,with all subjects having liver biopsy data and DNA available for testing.This study assessed the association of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in a total of six genes including toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),oxoguanine DNA glycosylase,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 and interleukin-10 with liver disease severity.Genotyping was performed using high resolution melt analysis and sequencing.The results were analysed in relation to the stage of hepatic fibrosis in multivariate analysis incorporating other cofactors including alcohol consumption and hepatic iron concentration.RESULTS:There were significant associations between the cofactors of male gender(P=0.0001),increasing age(P=0.006),alcohol consumption(P=0.0001),steatosis(P=0.03),hepatic iron concentration(P<0.0001)and the presence of hepatic fibrosis.Of the candidate gene polymorphisms studied,none showed a significant association with hepatic fibrosis in univariate or multivariate analysis incorporating cofactors.We also specifically studied patients with hepatic iron loading above threshold levels for cirrhosis and compared the genetic polymorphisms between those with no fibrosis vs cirrhosis however there was no significant effect from any of the candidate genes studied.Importantly,in this large,well characterised cohort of patients there was no association between SNPs for TGF-βor TLR4and the presence of fibrosis,cirrhosis or increasing fibrosis stage in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION:In our large,well characterised group of haemochromatosis subjects we did not demonstrate any relationship between candidate gene polymorphisms and hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.
文摘背景:随着无牙颌修复需求增加,“All-on-4”技术被广泛应用。种植体与天然牙的载荷传递方式不同,三维有限元分析可研究功能载荷作用下种植体及周围骨组织的应力分布,并在此基础上为寻找适合的种植体材料、优化种植体的几何结构、设计临床手术方案提供了研究方法。目的:对三维有限元分析法在“All-on-4”技术方面的相关研究作一综述。方法:检索中国知网和PubMed数据库2003-2023年相关文献,英文检索词为“Finite Element Method,All-on-4,edentulous,Biomechanics”,中文检索词为“有限元,All-on-4,无牙颌,生物力学”,根据纳入排除标准筛选符合标准的文献,最终纳入65篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:①对水平骨量不足的情况,研究者们可以选择应用窄直径种植体,但需要注意悬臂的存在对应力分布的影响,降低失败的风险。②“All-on-4”概念通过倾斜远中种植体的方法,减少骨的应力分布,但在不同的颌骨类型中,远中种植体倾斜的理想角度还需要进一步的研究。③悬臂的存在会增加种植失败的风险,将悬臂长度/AP距(CL/AP)的比值控制在0.9时,有助于减少机械并发症的发生。④用弹性模量较低的材料制作支架时,支架自身的应力较小,但会增加种植体、中央螺丝、基台及种植体周围骨组织的应力,相反使用弹性模量较大的材料,会降低修复体组件和种植体周围骨组织的应力,但支架本身的应力较高。⑤“All-on-4”概念可以实现较好的力学平衡,但需结合患者自身的具体情况制定一个长期有效的治疗方案。⑥合理的咬合设计是影响种植治疗成功的关键,尖牙引导牙合和组牙功能牙合在修复体的寿命方面无差异。然而,影响咬合设计的原因有很多,未来还需要进一步的体外实验以及大量临床研究来探索“All-on-4”理想的咬合设计。
