Cotton (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gossypium hirsutum </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.) production in Oklahoma has more than tr...Cotton (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gossypium hirsutum </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.) production in Oklahoma has more than tripled in the last ten years. This increase in cotton acreage in Oklahoma, a region that traditionally produces winter wheat, has led to increased incidences of 2,4 D contamination in sprayers that are used to spray cotton crops. Cotton is extremely sensitive to 2,4 D, with losses of yield and ultimately profit to the cotton producer in cases of drift or tank carryover. In this study, six cotton cultivars (three 2,4 D susceptible and three 2,4 D tolerant) were grown in combination </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">with</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> four N treatments to determine the benefits or drawbacks of using a green manure as N source. Seedcotton, seed, and lint yield were all negatively impacted by 2,4 D in the susceptible cultivars. Additionally, water use was increased in the susceptible cultivars compared to the tolerant cultivars. The negative effects of 2,4 D on cotton growth w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ere</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> partially mitigated by grasspea, though </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">supply of too much nitrogen increased the negative effects of 2,4 D. Applying nitrogen to a susceptible cultivar of cotton contaminated by 2,4 D is not recommended for short season environments like Oklahoma</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
Double-scale model for three-dimension-4 directional（3D-4d） braided C/SiC composites has been proposed to investigate its elastic properties. The double-scale model involves micro-scale that takes fiber/ matrix/poro...Double-scale model for three-dimension-4 directional（3D-4d） braided C/SiC composites has been proposed to investigate its elastic properties. The double-scale model involves micro-scale that takes fiber/ matrix/porosity in fibers tows into consideration with unit cell which considers the 3D-4d braiding structure. Micro-optical photographs of composites have been taken to study the braided structure. Then a parameterized finite element model that reflects the structure of 3D-4d braided composites is proposed. Double-scale elastic modulus prediction model is developed to predict the elastic properties of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Stiffness and eompliance-averaging method and energy method are adopted to predict the elastic properties of composites. Static-tension experiments have been conducted to investigate the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Finally, the effect of micro-porosity in fibers tows on the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites has been studied. According to the conclusion of this thesis, elastic modulus predicted by energy method and stiffness-averaging method both find good agreement with the experimental values, when taking the micro-porosity in fibers tows into consideration. Differences between the theoretical and experimental values become smaller.展开更多
文摘Cotton (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gossypium hirsutum </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.) production in Oklahoma has more than tripled in the last ten years. This increase in cotton acreage in Oklahoma, a region that traditionally produces winter wheat, has led to increased incidences of 2,4 D contamination in sprayers that are used to spray cotton crops. Cotton is extremely sensitive to 2,4 D, with losses of yield and ultimately profit to the cotton producer in cases of drift or tank carryover. In this study, six cotton cultivars (three 2,4 D susceptible and three 2,4 D tolerant) were grown in combination </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">with</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> four N treatments to determine the benefits or drawbacks of using a green manure as N source. Seedcotton, seed, and lint yield were all negatively impacted by 2,4 D in the susceptible cultivars. Additionally, water use was increased in the susceptible cultivars compared to the tolerant cultivars. The negative effects of 2,4 D on cotton growth w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ere</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> partially mitigated by grasspea, though </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">supply of too much nitrogen increased the negative effects of 2,4 D. Applying nitrogen to a susceptible cultivar of cotton contaminated by 2,4 D is not recommended for short season environments like Oklahoma</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.
基金Funded by the National Basic Research Program of China,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51075204)Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education(No.CXLX13_165)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2012ZB52026)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20070287039)NUAA Research Funding(No.NZ2012106)
文摘Double-scale model for three-dimension-4 directional（3D-4d） braided C/SiC composites has been proposed to investigate its elastic properties. The double-scale model involves micro-scale that takes fiber/ matrix/porosity in fibers tows into consideration with unit cell which considers the 3D-4d braiding structure. Micro-optical photographs of composites have been taken to study the braided structure. Then a parameterized finite element model that reflects the structure of 3D-4d braided composites is proposed. Double-scale elastic modulus prediction model is developed to predict the elastic properties of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Stiffness and eompliance-averaging method and energy method are adopted to predict the elastic properties of composites. Static-tension experiments have been conducted to investigate the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Finally, the effect of micro-porosity in fibers tows on the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites has been studied. According to the conclusion of this thesis, elastic modulus predicted by energy method and stiffness-averaging method both find good agreement with the experimental values, when taking the micro-porosity in fibers tows into consideration. Differences between the theoretical and experimental values become smaller.
文摘虚拟仿真实训和传统教学方法在4D盆底超声这项高阶医学技术教学培训中应用的情况。方法 采用问卷调查以两种教学方法随机分组进行4D盆底超声技术学习的体验感,调查对象为昆明医科大学影像医学及超声医学研二、研三学生,采用完全随机设计的t检验进行分析评价。结果 ① 本次调查两组学生中,虚拟仿真实训组的学生重复检查吻合率较带教实操组的学生高,2组之间存在统计学差异;②而对于课后自主学习情况,虚拟仿真实训组的学生较带教实操组的学生进行的也更好,2组之间存在统计学差异。结论 虚拟仿真实训对于高阶4D盆底超声医学技术的学习较传统的带教实操学习更有帮助;作为创新的教学方法可以研究推广,以帮助医学生提升学习效率,缩短学习时间,以达到事半功倍的学习效果。
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB4300905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903187)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20190414).
