A great deal of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evidence suggests that a predominant temperature drop and an aridiflcation occurred at ca. 4.0 ka BP. Palaeoclimate studies in China support this dedution. The co...A great deal of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evidence suggests that a predominant temperature drop and an aridiflcation occurred at ca. 4.0 ka BP. Palaeoclimate studies in China support this dedution. The collapse of ancient civilizations at ca. 4.0 ka BP in the Nile Valley and Mesopotamia has been attributed to climate-induced aridification. A widespread alternation of the ancient cultures was also found in China at ca. 4.0 ka BP in concert with the collapse of the civilizations in the Old World. Palaeoclimatic studies indicate that the abrupt climate change at 4.0 ka BP is one of the realizations of the cold phase in millennial scale climate oscillations, which may be related to the modulation of the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) over the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, this study conducts a numerical experiment of a GCM with SST forcing to simulate the impact of the weakening of the THC. Results show a drop in temperature from North Europe, the northern middle East Asia, and northern East Asia and a significant reduction of precipitation in East Africa, the Middle East, the Indian Peninsula, and the Yellow River Valley. This seems to support the idea that coldness and aridification at ca. 4.0 ka BP was caused by the weakening of the THC.展开更多
距今4—3千年正值中华文明确立和发展的重要时期,这个时段的气候变化资料有利于深入理解环境与人类文明发展的相互关系。本研究利用辽宁本溪庙洞石笋MD11,通过^(230)Th定年和高分辨率氧同位素分析,重建了4.09—2.84 ka BP东北地区南部...距今4—3千年正值中华文明确立和发展的重要时期,这个时段的气候变化资料有利于深入理解环境与人类文明发展的相互关系。本研究利用辽宁本溪庙洞石笋MD11,通过^(230)Th定年和高分辨率氧同位素分析,重建了4.09—2.84 ka BP东北地区南部夏季风降水变化历史。4.09—3.85 ka BP时段,东亚夏季风较为稳定,期间在约3.95 ka BP前后出现短暂的夏季风小幅度减弱,与亚洲季风区石笋记录类似,推测4.2 ka事件应早于4.1 ka BP,支持早前南方石笋记录的结论;3.85—2.84 ka BP时段,庙洞石笋沉积速率显著降低,氧同位素整体偏正,说明这段时间内东亚季风总体偏弱,辽宁东部地区夏季风降水偏少,期间只在3.05 ka BP先后出现持续时间约为数十年的夏季风增强过程。展开更多
Although the mid-late Holocene cold and dry event about 4000years ago （the 4ka event） has been observed almost globally, it was most prominent in terrestrial climate proxies from the lower latitudes. Here we evaluat...Although the mid-late Holocene cold and dry event about 4000years ago （the 4ka event） has been observed almost globally, it was most prominent in terrestrial climate proxies from the lower latitudes. Here we evaluate the oceanic response to this event in terms of a Holocene sea surface temperature （SST） record reconstructed using the U^7 index for Core B3 on the continen- tal shelf of the East China Sea. The record reveals a large temperature drop of about 5~C from the mid-Holocene （24.7~C at 5.6ka） to the 4ka event （19.2~C at 3.8ka）. This mid-late Holocene cooling period in Core B3 correlated with （i） decreases in the East Asia summer monsoon intensity and （ii） the transition period with increased E1 Nifio/Southern Oscillation activities in the Equatorial Pa- cific. Our SST record provides oceanic evidence for a more global nature of the mid-late Holocene climate change, which was most likely caused by a southward migration of the Intertropical Converge Zone in response to the decreasing summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the large SST drop around Core B3 indicates that the mid-late Holocene cooling was regionally amplified by the initiation/strengthening of eddy circulation/cold front which caused upwelling and resulted in additional SST de- crease. Upwelling during the mid-late Holocene also enhanced with surface productivity in the East China Sea as reflected by higher alkenone content around Core B3.展开更多
Four periods with predominated droughts are identified in 4―2 ka BP according to documentary data, namely 3.6―3.5, 3.1―3.0, 2.8―2.7, and 2.45―2.35 ka BP. Palaeo-environmental data indicated that droughts were pre...Four periods with predominated droughts are identified in 4―2 ka BP according to documentary data, namely 3.6―3.5, 3.1―3.0, 2.8―2.7, and 2.45―2.35 ka BP. Palaeo-environmental data indicated that droughts were predominated in 4―2 ka BP in the south of Northeast China, Inner-Mongolia, east of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and South China. Modeling study shows that precession may be responsible for the occurrence of droughts in 4―2 ka BP, integrating the GCM with forcing of insolation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Special Funds of China(G1998040900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.40005004 and 40205011.
文摘A great deal of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evidence suggests that a predominant temperature drop and an aridiflcation occurred at ca. 4.0 ka BP. Palaeoclimate studies in China support this dedution. The collapse of ancient civilizations at ca. 4.0 ka BP in the Nile Valley and Mesopotamia has been attributed to climate-induced aridification. A widespread alternation of the ancient cultures was also found in China at ca. 4.0 ka BP in concert with the collapse of the civilizations in the Old World. Palaeoclimatic studies indicate that the abrupt climate change at 4.0 ka BP is one of the realizations of the cold phase in millennial scale climate oscillations, which may be related to the modulation of the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) over the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, this study conducts a numerical experiment of a GCM with SST forcing to simulate the impact of the weakening of the THC. Results show a drop in temperature from North Europe, the northern middle East Asia, and northern East Asia and a significant reduction of precipitation in East Africa, the Middle East, the Indian Peninsula, and the Yellow River Valley. This seems to support the idea that coldness and aridification at ca. 4.0 ka BP was caused by the weakening of the THC.
文摘距今4—3千年正值中华文明确立和发展的重要时期,这个时段的气候变化资料有利于深入理解环境与人类文明发展的相互关系。本研究利用辽宁本溪庙洞石笋MD11,通过^(230)Th定年和高分辨率氧同位素分析,重建了4.09—2.84 ka BP东北地区南部夏季风降水变化历史。4.09—3.85 ka BP时段,东亚夏季风较为稳定,期间在约3.95 ka BP前后出现短暂的夏季风小幅度减弱,与亚洲季风区石笋记录类似,推测4.2 ka事件应早于4.1 ka BP,支持早前南方石笋记录的结论;3.85—2.84 ka BP时段,庙洞石笋沉积速率显著降低,氧同位素整体偏正,说明这段时间内东亚季风总体偏弱,辽宁东部地区夏季风降水偏少,期间只在3.05 ka BP先后出现持续时间约为数十年的夏季风增强过程。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2010CB428901)the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41221004 and 41020164005)
文摘Although the mid-late Holocene cold and dry event about 4000years ago （the 4ka event） has been observed almost globally, it was most prominent in terrestrial climate proxies from the lower latitudes. Here we evaluate the oceanic response to this event in terms of a Holocene sea surface temperature （SST） record reconstructed using the U^7 index for Core B3 on the continen- tal shelf of the East China Sea. The record reveals a large temperature drop of about 5~C from the mid-Holocene （24.7~C at 5.6ka） to the 4ka event （19.2~C at 3.8ka）. This mid-late Holocene cooling period in Core B3 correlated with （i） decreases in the East Asia summer monsoon intensity and （ii） the transition period with increased E1 Nifio/Southern Oscillation activities in the Equatorial Pa- cific. Our SST record provides oceanic evidence for a more global nature of the mid-late Holocene climate change, which was most likely caused by a southward migration of the Intertropical Converge Zone in response to the decreasing summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the large SST drop around Core B3 indicates that the mid-late Holocene cooling was regionally amplified by the initiation/strengthening of eddy circulation/cold front which caused upwelling and resulted in additional SST de- crease. Upwelling during the mid-late Holocene also enhanced with surface productivity in the East China Sea as reflected by higher alkenone content around Core B3.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40331010)
文摘Four periods with predominated droughts are identified in 4―2 ka BP according to documentary data, namely 3.6―3.5, 3.1―3.0, 2.8―2.7, and 2.45―2.35 ka BP. Palaeo-environmental data indicated that droughts were predominated in 4―2 ka BP in the south of Northeast China, Inner-Mongolia, east of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and South China. Modeling study shows that precession may be responsible for the occurrence of droughts in 4―2 ka BP, integrating the GCM with forcing of insolation.
