A simple and efficient method for the iodination of aromatic compounds has been achieved in the presence of iodine and 1,4- bis(triphenylphosphonium)-2-butene peroxodisulfate.
2,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol(C6H12N2O8) was synthesized by condensation,cyclization,oxidative dimerization and deketalization of nitromethane with a total yield of 42.4%.The structure of the t...2,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol(C6H12N2O8) was synthesized by condensation,cyclization,oxidative dimerization and deketalization of nitromethane with a total yield of 42.4%.The structure of the title compound was characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR,FT-IR,elementary analysis,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis,which reveals that the title compound crystallizes in triclinic,space group P with a = 0.6324(2),b = 0.6454(3),c = 0.7062(3) nm,α= 111.550(4),β= 95.505(4),γ= 113.395(4)°,V = 0.23595(16) nm3,Z = 1,Mr = 240.18,Dc = 1.690 g·cm-3,μ = 0.159 mm-1,F(000) = 126,R = 0.0304 and wR = 0.0907.展开更多
An efficient synthesis of symmetrical 2,2-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)-2H-acenaphthen-1-one is achieved via a reaction of acenaphthe-nequinone and indoles catalyzed by solid superacid SO4^2-/TiO2 under solvent-free conditions...An efficient synthesis of symmetrical 2,2-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)-2H-acenaphthen-1-one is achieved via a reaction of acenaphthe-nequinone and indoles catalyzed by solid superacid SO4^2-/TiO2 under solvent-free conditions at room temperature by grinding, which provides an efficient route to the synthesis of symmetrical 2,2-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)-2H-acenaphthen-1-one.This procedure offers several advantages including solvent-free conditions,excellent yields of products,simple work-up as well as reuse of catalysts which makes it a useful and attractive protocol for the synthesis of these compounds.展开更多
3,3'-Bis(5-(N-(4-hydroxylphenyl)imidomethyl)pyrrol-2-yl)pentane 1 has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal of its methanol complex, 1·(CH3OH)2, belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group ...3,3'-Bis(5-(N-(4-hydroxylphenyl)imidomethyl)pyrrol-2-yl)pentane 1 has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal of its methanol complex, 1·(CH3OH)2, belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 18.094(2), b = 11.6890(16), c = 13.3629(19) , V = 2826.3(7) 3, Z = 8, C14.5H18N2O2, Mr = 252.31, Dc = 1.186 g/cm3, F(000) = 1080 and μ(MoKα) = 0.080 mm-1. The final R = 0.0662 and wR = 0.1801 for 1908 observed reflections with I 2σ(I), and R = 0.0800 and wR = 0.1948 for all reflections. In the solid state, bridged by included methanol molecules, the molecules of compound 1 form interpenetrated grid structure through N–H···O and O–H···O hydrogen bonds.展开更多
The title compound, [HgI2(C12H8N4S)], has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 14.086(2), b = 6.0365(6), c = ...The title compound, [HgI2(C12H8N4S)], has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 14.086(2), b = 6.0365(6), c = 20.286(2)°A,β= 108.818(5)°, V = 1632.7(3)°A^3, Mr = 694.67, Z = 4, D, = 2.826 g/cm^3,μ= 13.331 mm^-1, F(000) = 1240, S = 1.108, the final R = 0.0438 and wR = 0.0934 for 3085 observed reflections (I〉 2σ(I)). The Hg(Ⅱ) atom is coordinated by two 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (L) molecules and two iodine anions in a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. Mercury atoms are linked by the organic ligands to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain. It is noteworthy that such 1D zigzag chains are extended into a two-dimensional double layer framework through I…I interactions展开更多
The optimized molecular structure and harmonic vibrational frequencies of a 1,4-bis [ 2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]- benzene(BPENB) molecule were calculated via five popular density functional theory(DFI') methods. On ...The optimized molecular structure and harmonic vibrational frequencies of a 1,4-bis [ 2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]- benzene(BPENB) molecule were calculated via five popular density functional theory(DFI') methods. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results, it is concluded that the B3PW91 and B3LYP methods are superior to the others in optimizing structures, and the BPW91 method reproduces the observed fundamental fre-quencies most satisfactorily.展开更多
Sodium 3,5-bis(hydroxyimino)-1-methyl-2,4,6-trioxocyclohexanide C7H5N2NaO5 (I) has been isolated as the only product of the reaction of nitrosation of methylphloroglucinol. The structure of the titled compound has bee...Sodium 3,5-bis(hydroxyimino)-1-methyl-2,4,6-trioxocyclohexanide C7H5N2NaO5 (I) has been isolated as the only product of the reaction of nitrosation of methylphloroglucinol. The structure of the titled compound has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The hydrated C7H5N2NaO52.5H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a(?) 16.408(3);b(?) 12.446(3);c(?) 13.716(3);(o) 126.34(3). The planar organic anion exists in a triketo-dihydroxyimino form with the C–O and C–N distances from 1.220(2) to 1.271(2)?? and from 1.292(2) to 1.293?? respectively. In the IR spectrum of I, the sharp absorption band occurred at 1681 cm-1 due to C=O stretching indicating the strong H-interactions. The correlations of theoretical (DFT-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ) and experimental UV-vis absorption spectra in neutral and alkaline ethanolic solutions showed the existence of hydroxyimino-nitroso tautomerism while ionization of I.展开更多
A new chiral multidenate ligand (S, S)-1,7-bis(4-benzyloxazolin-2-yl-methyl)-1, 7-diaza- 12-crown-4 1 has been synthesized and used as ligand in the copper catalyzed asymmetric cyclopropanation of 1, 1-diphenylethylene.
A Zn(Ⅱ) supramolecular coordination polymer, {[Zn2(L)2(m-bix)(H20)]6H2O}n(1), with an interesting 1D→2D polythreading array from a flexible and angular organic aromaticpolycarboxylate ligand 5-(4-hydroxyp...A Zn(Ⅱ) supramolecular coordination polymer, {[Zn2(L)2(m-bix)(H20)]6H2O}n(1), with an interesting 1D→2D polythreading array from a flexible and angular organic aromaticpolycarboxylate ligand 5-(4-hydroxypyridinium-l-ylmethyl)isophthalic acid (H2L), and N-donorligand 1,3-bis(imidazol-l-ylmethyl)benzene (m-bix), has been obtained under hydrothermalconditions and characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), IR, thermalgravimetric analyses (TGA) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In 1, the Zn(Ⅱ) center has twocoordination geometries. One exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal coordination sphere, and the other isa tetrahedral geometry; L2- has two different coordination modes, with one connecting three Zn(Ⅱ)ions through two monodentate carboxylate groups and the monodentate hydroxyl group, and theother bridging two Zn(Ⅱ) ions through two carboxylate groups. The L2- anions connect the Zn(Ⅱ)centers forming an infinite 1D tubular structure. These 1D tubes are interconnected by the m-bixspacers to form a 2D framework. Such 2D layers are further assembled into a 3D supramolecularnetwork via hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the luminescent property of 1 has also been investigatedin detail.展开更多
The steady state and transient state absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra of N,N’-bis(2-hy-droxy-1-napbthylidcne)-1,4-phenyldiamme ( BNP ) in cyclohexane and acetonitrile were determined.The pho-tochromic mech...The steady state and transient state absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra of N,N’-bis(2-hy-droxy-1-napbthylidcne)-1,4-phenyldiamme ( BNP ) in cyclohexane and acetonitrile were determined.The pho-tochromic mechanism was discussed In nonpolar solvents,BNP exists mainly in the enol form and has the absorption maximum in the UV region In polar solvents,however,both the enol and proton transfer tautomer are formed,but the farmer is the main one Fluorescence emissions result from the excited state of proton transfer product.展开更多
Two different kinds of configurations of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)etheny 1]-benzene(trans-bpeb and c/5-bpeb)were achieved,and a bpeb dimer was synthesized in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).Compared with the previous work that s...Two different kinds of configurations of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)etheny 1]-benzene(trans-bpeb and c/5-bpeb)were achieved,and a bpeb dimer was synthesized in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).Compared with the previous work that synthesized the bpeb dimer or polymer in crystal with a template agent needed,the reaction occurred in a solu・tion phase in the present method.A hand-held ultraviolet lamp(365 nm)with the power of 12 W and the Watt density of 0.35 mW/cm2 can realize the photodimerization of bpeb,instead of the high-power mercury lamp in most previous studies.Unlike other 2+2 cycloaddition in liquid state using catalysts even noble metals,no catalysts were required here,which is cost-saving.Only the trans-pbeb can start the cycloaddition and the formation of the close J-aggregations of Zra≪5-pbeb in DMSO is a precondition for explaining the 2+2 photodimerization.The productivity for the 2+2 cycloaddition product was achieved as 55.6%.展开更多
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)have been demonstrated in applications such as displays and solid-state lightings.However,weak stability and ineffi-cient emission of b...Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)have been demonstrated in applications such as displays and solid-state lightings.However,weak stability and ineffi-cient emission of blue TADF OLEDs are two key bottlenecks limiting the development of solution processable displays and white light sources.This work presents a solution-processed OLED using a blue-emitting TADF small molecule bis[4-(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)phenyl]sulfone(DMAC-DPS)as an emitter.We comparatively investigated the effects of single host poly(Nvinylcarbazole)(PVK)and a co-host of 60%PVK and 30%2,2′-(1,3-phenylene)-bis[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole](OXD-7)on the device performance(the last 10%is emitter DMAC-DPS).The co-host device shows lower turn-on voltage,similar maximum luminance,and much slower external quantum efficiency(EQE)rolloff.In other words,device stability improved by doping OXD-7 into PVK,and the device impedance simultaneously and significantly reduced from 8.6103 to 4.2103 W at 1000 Hz.Finally,the electroluminescent stability of the co-host device was significantly enhanced by adjusting the annealing temperature.展开更多
A new conjugated copolymer (PTST-DyOXD) derived from 1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl-2,5-bis(5-bromo-2- thienyl)-silole (TST) and 2,5-bis(4-ethynylphenyl)-l,3,4-oxadiazole (DyOXD) was synthesized by Pd(0)-cataly...A new conjugated copolymer (PTST-DyOXD) derived from 1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl-2,5-bis(5-bromo-2- thienyl)-silole (TST) and 2,5-bis(4-ethynylphenyl)-l,3,4-oxadiazole (DyOXD) was synthesized by Pd(0)-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. For comparison, another copolymer without acetenyl group (PTST-OXD) was also synthesized by Pd(0)-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. Chemical structures and optoelectronic properties of the copolymers were characterized by IH NMR, 13C NMR, IR, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry. The number-average molecular weight (Mn) is 4010 Da for PTST-DyOXD and 3890 Da for PTST-OXD, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements show that they have good thermal stability with decomposition temperature at 312 and 318 ~C, respectively. The optical band gap is 2.21 eV for PTST-DyOXD and 2.10 eV for PTST-OXD based on the absorption onset. CV analysis revealed the LUMO level of PTST-DyOXD is -3.04 eV, lower than that of PTST-OXD (about -2.89 eV), which is attributed to the introduction of acetylene group in PTST-DyOXD, increasing the system of the conjugate chain length.展开更多
To increase the current density of the hole only device, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) material has been inserted in the device at the indium tin oxide (ITO)/organic interface. Since ...To increase the current density of the hole only device, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) material has been inserted in the device at the indium tin oxide (ITO)/organic interface. Since HATCN molecule can withdraw electrons, it can alter electronic properties of the electrodes and hence inserted between the organic/metal interfaces. This paper deals with the optimization of the thickness of organic-metal layers to enhance the efficiency. Also, efforts have been made to increase the current density and reduce the operating voltage of the device. The material 2, 7-bis [N, N-bis (4- methoxy-phenyl) amino]-9, 9-spirobifluorene (Meo-Spiro-TPD) is used to simulate the hole only device because it is a thermally stable hole transport material. Simulated results shows that better current density values can be achieved compared to fabricated one by optimizing the organic metal layer thickness. The best optimized layer thickness of 22 nm for Alq3, 25 nm for *CBP doped with Ir(ppy)3, 9 nm for Meo-Spiro TPD and 4 nm for HAT-CN which results in current density of 0.12 A/cm2 with a reduction in operating voltage by approximately 2 V.展开更多
文摘A simple and efficient method for the iodination of aromatic compounds has been achieved in the presence of iodine and 1,4- bis(triphenylphosphonium)-2-butene peroxodisulfate.
基金Supported by the National "973" project (No. 613740102)
文摘2,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol(C6H12N2O8) was synthesized by condensation,cyclization,oxidative dimerization and deketalization of nitromethane with a total yield of 42.4%.The structure of the title compound was characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR,FT-IR,elementary analysis,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis,which reveals that the title compound crystallizes in triclinic,space group P with a = 0.6324(2),b = 0.6454(3),c = 0.7062(3) nm,α= 111.550(4),β= 95.505(4),γ= 113.395(4)°,V = 0.23595(16) nm3,Z = 1,Mr = 240.18,Dc = 1.690 g·cm-3,μ = 0.159 mm-1,F(000) = 126,R = 0.0304 and wR = 0.0907.
基金supported by the research foundation of Hebei University of Science and Technology
文摘An efficient synthesis of symmetrical 2,2-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)-2H-acenaphthen-1-one is achieved via a reaction of acenaphthe-nequinone and indoles catalyzed by solid superacid SO4^2-/TiO2 under solvent-free conditions at room temperature by grinding, which provides an efficient route to the synthesis of symmetrical 2,2-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)-2H-acenaphthen-1-one.This procedure offers several advantages including solvent-free conditions,excellent yields of products,simple work-up as well as reuse of catalysts which makes it a useful and attractive protocol for the synthesis of these compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20702038)
文摘3,3'-Bis(5-(N-(4-hydroxylphenyl)imidomethyl)pyrrol-2-yl)pentane 1 has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal of its methanol complex, 1·(CH3OH)2, belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 18.094(2), b = 11.6890(16), c = 13.3629(19) , V = 2826.3(7) 3, Z = 8, C14.5H18N2O2, Mr = 252.31, Dc = 1.186 g/cm3, F(000) = 1080 and μ(MoKα) = 0.080 mm-1. The final R = 0.0662 and wR = 0.1801 for 1908 observed reflections with I 2σ(I), and R = 0.0800 and wR = 0.1948 for all reflections. In the solid state, bridged by included methanol molecules, the molecules of compound 1 form interpenetrated grid structure through N–H···O and O–H···O hydrogen bonds.
基金This work was supported by the 973 Program of the MOST (001CB108906) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2005HZ01-1)
文摘The title compound, [HgI2(C12H8N4S)], has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 14.086(2), b = 6.0365(6), c = 20.286(2)°A,β= 108.818(5)°, V = 1632.7(3)°A^3, Mr = 694.67, Z = 4, D, = 2.826 g/cm^3,μ= 13.331 mm^-1, F(000) = 1240, S = 1.108, the final R = 0.0438 and wR = 0.0934 for 3085 observed reflections (I〉 2σ(I)). The Hg(Ⅱ) atom is coordinated by two 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (L) molecules and two iodine anions in a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. Mercury atoms are linked by the organic ligands to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain. It is noteworthy that such 1D zigzag chains are extended into a two-dimensional double layer framework through I…I interactions
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20473029)the Open Project Program of the Key Labora-tory for Supramolecular Structure and Materials of Ministry of EducationJilin University and the Fund for Doctor of Yantai University.
文摘The optimized molecular structure and harmonic vibrational frequencies of a 1,4-bis [ 2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]- benzene(BPENB) molecule were calculated via five popular density functional theory(DFI') methods. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results, it is concluded that the B3PW91 and B3LYP methods are superior to the others in optimizing structures, and the BPW91 method reproduces the observed fundamental fre-quencies most satisfactorily.
文摘Sodium 3,5-bis(hydroxyimino)-1-methyl-2,4,6-trioxocyclohexanide C7H5N2NaO5 (I) has been isolated as the only product of the reaction of nitrosation of methylphloroglucinol. The structure of the titled compound has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The hydrated C7H5N2NaO52.5H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a(?) 16.408(3);b(?) 12.446(3);c(?) 13.716(3);(o) 126.34(3). The planar organic anion exists in a triketo-dihydroxyimino form with the C–O and C–N distances from 1.220(2) to 1.271(2)?? and from 1.292(2) to 1.293?? respectively. In the IR spectrum of I, the sharp absorption band occurred at 1681 cm-1 due to C=O stretching indicating the strong H-interactions. The correlations of theoretical (DFT-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ) and experimental UV-vis absorption spectra in neutral and alkaline ethanolic solutions showed the existence of hydroxyimino-nitroso tautomerism while ionization of I.
文摘A new chiral multidenate ligand (S, S)-1,7-bis(4-benzyloxazolin-2-yl-methyl)-1, 7-diaza- 12-crown-4 1 has been synthesized and used as ligand in the copper catalyzed asymmetric cyclopropanation of 1, 1-diphenylethylene.
基金supported by Education Chamber of Henan Province(No.15A150068)
文摘A Zn(Ⅱ) supramolecular coordination polymer, {[Zn2(L)2(m-bix)(H20)]6H2O}n(1), with an interesting 1D→2D polythreading array from a flexible and angular organic aromaticpolycarboxylate ligand 5-(4-hydroxypyridinium-l-ylmethyl)isophthalic acid (H2L), and N-donorligand 1,3-bis(imidazol-l-ylmethyl)benzene (m-bix), has been obtained under hydrothermalconditions and characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), IR, thermalgravimetric analyses (TGA) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In 1, the Zn(Ⅱ) center has twocoordination geometries. One exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal coordination sphere, and the other isa tetrahedral geometry; L2- has two different coordination modes, with one connecting three Zn(Ⅱ)ions through two monodentate carboxylate groups and the monodentate hydroxyl group, and theother bridging two Zn(Ⅱ) ions through two carboxylate groups. The L2- anions connect the Zn(Ⅱ)centers forming an infinite 1D tubular structure. These 1D tubes are interconnected by the m-bixspacers to form a 2D framework. Such 2D layers are further assembled into a 3D supramolecularnetwork via hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the luminescent property of 1 has also been investigatedin detail.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The steady state and transient state absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra of N,N’-bis(2-hy-droxy-1-napbthylidcne)-1,4-phenyldiamme ( BNP ) in cyclohexane and acetonitrile were determined.The pho-tochromic mechanism was discussed In nonpolar solvents,BNP exists mainly in the enol form and has the absorption maximum in the UV region In polar solvents,however,both the enol and proton transfer tautomer are formed,but the farmer is the main one Fluorescence emissions result from the excited state of proton transfer product.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21873039,21573087,21573092).
文摘Two different kinds of configurations of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)etheny 1]-benzene(trans-bpeb and c/5-bpeb)were achieved,and a bpeb dimer was synthesized in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).Compared with the previous work that synthesized the bpeb dimer or polymer in crystal with a template agent needed,the reaction occurred in a solu・tion phase in the present method.A hand-held ultraviolet lamp(365 nm)with the power of 12 W and the Watt density of 0.35 mW/cm2 can realize the photodimerization of bpeb,instead of the high-power mercury lamp in most previous studies.Unlike other 2+2 cycloaddition in liquid state using catalysts even noble metals,no catalysts were required here,which is cost-saving.Only the trans-pbeb can start the cycloaddition and the formation of the close J-aggregations of Zra≪5-pbeb in DMSO is a precondition for explaining the 2+2 photodimerization.The productivity for the 2+2 cycloaddition product was achieved as 55.6%.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0404404)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices(South China University of Technology),China。
文摘Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)have been demonstrated in applications such as displays and solid-state lightings.However,weak stability and ineffi-cient emission of blue TADF OLEDs are two key bottlenecks limiting the development of solution processable displays and white light sources.This work presents a solution-processed OLED using a blue-emitting TADF small molecule bis[4-(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)phenyl]sulfone(DMAC-DPS)as an emitter.We comparatively investigated the effects of single host poly(Nvinylcarbazole)(PVK)and a co-host of 60%PVK and 30%2,2′-(1,3-phenylene)-bis[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole](OXD-7)on the device performance(the last 10%is emitter DMAC-DPS).The co-host device shows lower turn-on voltage,similar maximum luminance,and much slower external quantum efficiency(EQE)rolloff.In other words,device stability improved by doping OXD-7 into PVK,and the device impedance simultaneously and significantly reduced from 8.6103 to 4.2103 W at 1000 Hz.Finally,the electroluminescent stability of the co-host device was significantly enhanced by adjusting the annealing temperature.
基金The authors are grateful to financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the East China University of Science and Technology
文摘A new conjugated copolymer (PTST-DyOXD) derived from 1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl-2,5-bis(5-bromo-2- thienyl)-silole (TST) and 2,5-bis(4-ethynylphenyl)-l,3,4-oxadiazole (DyOXD) was synthesized by Pd(0)-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. For comparison, another copolymer without acetenyl group (PTST-OXD) was also synthesized by Pd(0)-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. Chemical structures and optoelectronic properties of the copolymers were characterized by IH NMR, 13C NMR, IR, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry. The number-average molecular weight (Mn) is 4010 Da for PTST-DyOXD and 3890 Da for PTST-OXD, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements show that they have good thermal stability with decomposition temperature at 312 and 318 ~C, respectively. The optical band gap is 2.21 eV for PTST-DyOXD and 2.10 eV for PTST-OXD based on the absorption onset. CV analysis revealed the LUMO level of PTST-DyOXD is -3.04 eV, lower than that of PTST-OXD (about -2.89 eV), which is attributed to the introduction of acetylene group in PTST-DyOXD, increasing the system of the conjugate chain length.
文摘To increase the current density of the hole only device, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) material has been inserted in the device at the indium tin oxide (ITO)/organic interface. Since HATCN molecule can withdraw electrons, it can alter electronic properties of the electrodes and hence inserted between the organic/metal interfaces. This paper deals with the optimization of the thickness of organic-metal layers to enhance the efficiency. Also, efforts have been made to increase the current density and reduce the operating voltage of the device. The material 2, 7-bis [N, N-bis (4- methoxy-phenyl) amino]-9, 9-spirobifluorene (Meo-Spiro-TPD) is used to simulate the hole only device because it is a thermally stable hole transport material. Simulated results shows that better current density values can be achieved compared to fabricated one by optimizing the organic metal layer thickness. The best optimized layer thickness of 22 nm for Alq3, 25 nm for *CBP doped with Ir(ppy)3, 9 nm for Meo-Spiro TPD and 4 nm for HAT-CN which results in current density of 0.12 A/cm2 with a reduction in operating voltage by approximately 2 V.