Typically,conjugated polymers are composed of conjugated backbones and alkyl side chains.In this contribution,a cost-effective strategy of tailoring the length of alkyl side chain is utilized to design highperforming ...Typically,conjugated polymers are composed of conjugated backbones and alkyl side chains.In this contribution,a cost-effective strategy of tailoring the length of alkyl side chain is utilized to design highperforming thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione(TPD)-based large bandgap polymer donors PBDT-BiTPD(Cχ)(χ=48,52,56),in which x represents the alkyl side chain length in term of the total carbon number.A combination of light absorption,device,and morphology examinations make clear that the shorter alkyl side chains yield(i) higher crystallinity and more predominant face-on crystallite orientation in their neat and BHJ blend films,(ii) higher charge mobilities(6.7×10^(-4) cm~2 V^(-1) s^(-1) for C48 vs.3.2×10^(-4) cm~2 V^(-1) s^(-1) for C56),and negligible charge recombination,consequently,(iii) significantly improved fill-factor(FF) and short current(J_(SC)),while almost the same open circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of ca.0.82 V in their corresponding BHJ devices.In parallel,as alkyl side chain lengths decrease from C56 to C48,power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) increased from 7.8% for C56 to 11.1% for C52,and further to14.1% for C48 in their BHJ solar cells made with a narrow bandgap non-fullerene acceptor Y6.This systematic study declares that shortening the side chain,if providing appropriate solubility in device solution processing solvents,is of essential significance for developing high-performing polymer donors and further improving device photovoltaic performance.展开更多
To achieve the red-shifted absorptions and appropriate energy levels of A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs), in this work, we design and synthesize two new NFAs, named TPDCIC and TPDCNC, whose electron-donating(D...To achieve the red-shifted absorptions and appropriate energy levels of A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs), in this work, we design and synthesize two new NFAs, named TPDCIC and TPDCNC, whose electron-donating(D) unit is constructed by a thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione(TPD) core attached to two cyclopentadithiophene(CPDT) moieties at both sides, and the electronaccepting(A) end-groups are 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC) and 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-1-ylidene)malononitrile(NC), respectively. Benefiting from TPD core, which easily forms quinoid structure and O···H or O···S intramolecular noncovalent interactions, TPDCIC and TPDCNC show more delocalization of π-electrons and perfect planar molecular geometries, giving the absorption ranges extended to 822 and 852 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) levels of TPDCIC and TPDCNC remain relatively low-lying due to the electronegativity of the carbonyl groups on TPD core. Considering that the absorptions and energy levels of the two NFAs match well with those of a widely used polymer donor, PBDB-T, we fabricate two kinds of organic solar cells(OSCs) based on the PBDB-T:TPDCIC and PBDB-T:TPDCNC blended films, respectively. Through a series of optimizations, the TPDCIC-based devices yield an impressing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.12% with a large short-circuit current density(JSC) of 18.16 mA·cm-2, and the TPDCNC-based ones exhibit a comparable PCE of9.80% with a JSC of 17.40 mA·cm-2. Our work is the first report of the TPD-core-based A-D-A type NFAs, providing a good reference for the molecular design of high-performance NFAs.展开更多
Donor-acceptor type copolymers have wide applications in organic field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices.Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione（TPD）,as an electron-withdrawing unit,has been widely used in ...Donor-acceptor type copolymers have wide applications in organic field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices.Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione（TPD）,as an electron-withdrawing unit,has been widely used in D-A type copolymers recently.Till now,the highest power conversion efficiency and mobility of TPD-based copolymers are over 8% and 1.0 cm^2 V^（-1） s^（-1） respectively.In this review,the recent progress of TPD-based copolymers in organic solar cells and organic transistors is summarized.展开更多
Three random conjugated polymers,RP-TiI,RP-2TiI and RP-TVTiI based on both thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione and isoindigo units have been synthesized by Stille cross-coupling reaction.The optical and electrochemical pro...Three random conjugated polymers,RP-TiI,RP-2TiI and RP-TVTiI based on both thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione and isoindigo units have been synthesized by Stille cross-coupling reaction.The optical and electrochemical properties of new polymers have been investigated.The resulted polymers showed broad absorption spectra and appropriate energy levels for polymer solar cell applications.The bulk heterojunction devices based on the blend of the polymer RP-TiI and PC_(61)BM showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.75%.展开更多
目的:探讨血清肌腱蛋白-C(tenascin-C,TNC)、内皮细胞特异性分子-1(endothelial cell specific molecule-1,ESM-1)、血管生成素样蛋白4(angiopoietin like protein 4,ANGPTL4)与阵发性心房颤动(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)患...目的:探讨血清肌腱蛋白-C(tenascin-C,TNC)、内皮细胞特异性分子-1(endothelial cell specific molecule-1,ESM-1)、血管生成素样蛋白4(angiopoietin like protein 4,ANGPTL4)与阵发性心房颤动(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)患者射频消融术后复发的关系。方法:选择2016年6月至2018年12月,我院行射频消融术治疗的PAF患者134例,随访3年,根据随访结果分为复发组(n=42)和未复发组(n=92),比较两组血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL4水平,应用多因素Logistic回归分析射频消融术后复发的关联影响因素,并建立联合应用的风险预测模型。应用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL对PAF患者射频消融术后复发的预测价值。结果:复发组血清TNC、ESM-1水平显著高于未复发组,ANGPTL4水平显著低于未复发组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,PAF病程≥3年、CHA2DS2-VASc评分≥2分、术中出现心房扑动/房性心动过速、TNC升高、ESM-1升高、ANGPTL4降低是PAF患者射频消融术后复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL4联合检验对PAF患者射频消融术后复发预测的效能最高。结论:PAF射频消融术后复发患者血清TNC、ESM-1水平升高,ANGPTL4水平降低,检测血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL对PAF患者射频消融术后复发具有一定预测价值。展开更多
The solubilities of Cs 2 SO 4 -C 2 H 5 OH-H 2 O ternary system at 30℃and 50℃have been studied using microe-quipment for solubility determination.There appears two phases,alcoh olic phase,water phase in the liquid ph...The solubilities of Cs 2 SO 4 -C 2 H 5 OH-H 2 O ternary system at 30℃and 50℃have been studied using microe-quipment for solubility determination.There appears two phases,alcoh olic phase,water phase in the liquid phase.The solubilities of Cs 2 SO 4 in water,C 2 H 5 OH and mixed solvent have been determ ined.The phase diagram indicated that C 2 H 5 OH might be salted out by Cs 2 SO 4 from this system and the equilibrium solid phase is Cs 2 SO 4 .展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21805097, 21671071)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Major Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2019B030302007)+2 种基金the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 2019A1515012137, 2016A030310428)the Guangdong Applied Science and Technology Planning Project (Nos. 2015B010135009, and 2017B090917002)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Foundation (No. 201904010361)。
文摘Typically,conjugated polymers are composed of conjugated backbones and alkyl side chains.In this contribution,a cost-effective strategy of tailoring the length of alkyl side chain is utilized to design highperforming thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione(TPD)-based large bandgap polymer donors PBDT-BiTPD(Cχ)(χ=48,52,56),in which x represents the alkyl side chain length in term of the total carbon number.A combination of light absorption,device,and morphology examinations make clear that the shorter alkyl side chains yield(i) higher crystallinity and more predominant face-on crystallite orientation in their neat and BHJ blend films,(ii) higher charge mobilities(6.7×10^(-4) cm~2 V^(-1) s^(-1) for C48 vs.3.2×10^(-4) cm~2 V^(-1) s^(-1) for C56),and negligible charge recombination,consequently,(iii) significantly improved fill-factor(FF) and short current(J_(SC)),while almost the same open circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of ca.0.82 V in their corresponding BHJ devices.In parallel,as alkyl side chain lengths decrease from C56 to C48,power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) increased from 7.8% for C56 to 11.1% for C52,and further to14.1% for C48 in their BHJ solar cells made with a narrow bandgap non-fullerene acceptor Y6.This systematic study declares that shortening the side chain,if providing appropriate solubility in device solution processing solvents,is of essential significance for developing high-performing polymer donors and further improving device photovoltaic performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21875216, 21734008)Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Plan (No. 2018C01047)the financial support from Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (General Research Fund No. 14314216, CUHK Direct Grant No. 4053227)
文摘To achieve the red-shifted absorptions and appropriate energy levels of A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs), in this work, we design and synthesize two new NFAs, named TPDCIC and TPDCNC, whose electron-donating(D) unit is constructed by a thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione(TPD) core attached to two cyclopentadithiophene(CPDT) moieties at both sides, and the electronaccepting(A) end-groups are 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC) and 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-1-ylidene)malononitrile(NC), respectively. Benefiting from TPD core, which easily forms quinoid structure and O···H or O···S intramolecular noncovalent interactions, TPDCIC and TPDCNC show more delocalization of π-electrons and perfect planar molecular geometries, giving the absorption ranges extended to 822 and 852 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) levels of TPDCIC and TPDCNC remain relatively low-lying due to the electronegativity of the carbonyl groups on TPD core. Considering that the absorptions and energy levels of the two NFAs match well with those of a widely used polymer donor, PBDB-T, we fabricate two kinds of organic solar cells(OSCs) based on the PBDB-T:TPDCIC and PBDB-T:TPDCNC blended films, respectively. Through a series of optimizations, the TPDCIC-based devices yield an impressing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.12% with a large short-circuit current density(JSC) of 18.16 mA·cm-2, and the TPDCNC-based ones exhibit a comparable PCE of9.80% with a JSC of 17.40 mA·cm-2. Our work is the first report of the TPD-core-based A-D-A type NFAs, providing a good reference for the molecular design of high-performance NFAs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21190031,51303201,21474128)
文摘Donor-acceptor type copolymers have wide applications in organic field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices.Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione（TPD）,as an electron-withdrawing unit,has been widely used in D-A type copolymers recently.Till now,the highest power conversion efficiency and mobility of TPD-based copolymers are over 8% and 1.0 cm^2 V^（-1） s^（-1） respectively.In this review,the recent progress of TPD-based copolymers in organic solar cells and organic transistors is summarized.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC grant Nos.21174084,21274087)the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China(grant No.20120073110032).
文摘Three random conjugated polymers,RP-TiI,RP-2TiI and RP-TVTiI based on both thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione and isoindigo units have been synthesized by Stille cross-coupling reaction.The optical and electrochemical properties of new polymers have been investigated.The resulted polymers showed broad absorption spectra and appropriate energy levels for polymer solar cell applications.The bulk heterojunction devices based on the blend of the polymer RP-TiI and PC_(61)BM showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.75%.
文摘目的:探讨血清肌腱蛋白-C(tenascin-C,TNC)、内皮细胞特异性分子-1(endothelial cell specific molecule-1,ESM-1)、血管生成素样蛋白4(angiopoietin like protein 4,ANGPTL4)与阵发性心房颤动(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)患者射频消融术后复发的关系。方法:选择2016年6月至2018年12月,我院行射频消融术治疗的PAF患者134例,随访3年,根据随访结果分为复发组(n=42)和未复发组(n=92),比较两组血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL4水平,应用多因素Logistic回归分析射频消融术后复发的关联影响因素,并建立联合应用的风险预测模型。应用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL对PAF患者射频消融术后复发的预测价值。结果:复发组血清TNC、ESM-1水平显著高于未复发组,ANGPTL4水平显著低于未复发组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,PAF病程≥3年、CHA2DS2-VASc评分≥2分、术中出现心房扑动/房性心动过速、TNC升高、ESM-1升高、ANGPTL4降低是PAF患者射频消融术后复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL4联合检验对PAF患者射频消融术后复发预测的效能最高。结论:PAF射频消融术后复发患者血清TNC、ESM-1水平升高,ANGPTL4水平降低,检测血清TNC、ESM-1、ANGPTL对PAF患者射频消融术后复发具有一定预测价值。
文摘The solubilities of Cs 2 SO 4 -C 2 H 5 OH-H 2 O ternary system at 30℃and 50℃have been studied using microe-quipment for solubility determination.There appears two phases,alcoh olic phase,water phase in the liquid phase.The solubilities of Cs 2 SO 4 in water,C 2 H 5 OH and mixed solvent have been determ ined.The phase diagram indicated that C 2 H 5 OH might be salted out by Cs 2 SO 4 from this system and the equilibrium solid phase is Cs 2 SO 4 .
