Neuroprotective potential of Quercetin in combination with piperine against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity

1-Methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP）is a neurotoxin that selectively damages dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and induces Parkinson＇s like symptoms in rodents.Quercetin（QC）is a natural polyphenolic bioflavonoid with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but lacks of clinical attraction due to low oral bioavailability.Piperine is a well established bioavailability enhancer used pre-clinically to improve the bioavailability of antioxidants（e.g.,Quercetin）.Therefore,the present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of QC together with piperine against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in rats.MPTP（100μg/μL/rat,bilaterally）was injected intranigrally on days 1,4 and 7 using a digital stereotaxic apparatus.QC（25 and 50 mg/kg,intragastrically）and QC（25 mg/kg,intragastrically）in combination with piperine（2.5 mg/kg,intragastrically）were administered daily for 14 days starting from day 8 after the 3^（rd） injection of MPTP.On day 22,animals were sacrificed and the striatum was isolated for oxidative stress parameter（thiobarbituric acid reactive substances,nitrite and glutathione）,neuroinflammatory cytokine（interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α）and neurotransmitter（dopamine,norepinephrine,serotonin,gamma-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,homovanillic acid,and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid）evaluations.Bilateral infusion of MPTP into substantia nigra pars compacta led to significant motor deficits as evidenced by impairments in locomotor activity and rotarod performance in open field test and grip strength and narrow beam walk performance.Both QC（25 and 50 mg/kg）and QC（25 mg/kg）in combination with piperine（2.5 mg/kg）,in particular the combination therapy,significantly improved MPTP-induced behavioral abnormalities in rats,reversed the abnormal alterations of neurotransmitters in the striatum,and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the striatum.These findings indicate that piperine can enhance the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of QC,and QC in combination with piperine exhibits strong neuroprotective effects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.

Differential protein expression in substantia nigra induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine in a mouse model of chronic Parkinson’s disease

BACKGROUND： To date, a complete protein expression profile of the midbrain substantia nigra in a mouse model of chronic Parkinson＇s disease, induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP）, does not exist. In addition, there are no reports of analysis of differential protein expression. OBJECTIVE： To separate and evaluate MPTP-induced differential protein expression through the use of proteomics in the substantia nigra of a mouse model of chronic Parkinson＇s disease. DESIGN： Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING： Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University. MATERIALS： Sixteen 8-10-week old, healthy, male, C57BL mice, weighing 20-25 g, and of clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University. The experimental animals were disposed according to ethical criteria. MPTP was provided by Sigma Company, USA; Pdquest 2D image analysis software and gelatum/irradiance image analysis system （ChemiDoc XRS） by Bio-Rad, USA; and Voyager DE-PROMALD1-TOF-MS mass spectroscopy analyzer by AB1 Company, USA. METHODS： This study was performed in Chongqing Neurological Laboratory between November 2006 and July 2007. Mice were randomly divided into model and control groups, with 8 mice in each group. Mice in the model group were received a subcutaneous injection of MPTP （25 mg＆g）, twice a week, for five successive weeks, to establish a chronic Parkinson＇s disease model. Mice in the control group received the same volume of a subcutaneous saline injection at the same time points. Mice were sacrificed by anesthesia to rapidly obtain the midbrain for protein separation of the substantia nigra. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） 2-ED handbook （Bio-Rad Company） was referenced for two-dimensional electrophoresis, （2） PDQUEST8,0 analytical electrophoresis pattern was adopted to evaluate differential protein expression. （3） Peptide mass finger print map and data were retrieved on http：//www.prospector.ucsf.edu to compare differential substantia nigral protein expression in the two groups. RESULTS： Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of substantia nigra tissue indicated that there were 33 differential protein expressions between the two groups. Three new proteins were evaluated, including α -enolase, which exhibited regulated expression, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B. CONCLUSION： There are three proteins that exhibit differential expression in the substantia nigra- α -enolase, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B.

Establishing motor disorder mouse models of Parkinson disease Comparison of 6-hydroxydompamine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

At present, pathogenesis and mechanism of Parkinson disease （PD） are still unclear. Animal models of PD are essential tools in studies on etiology and therapy and should mimic the chronic pathological process, histological characteristics and motor behavior dysfunction. In recent years, transgenic mice have been widely utilized to study the mechanism of PD, and it has become imperative that a PD mouse model of motor behavioral dysfunction be established. OBJECTIVE： To compare the behavioral and histochemical characters of two neurotoxic mice model induced with 6-hydroxydopamine （6-OHDA） or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6 -tetrahydropyridine （MPTP）, and a better method to mimic Parkinson disease will be found out. DESIGN： Parallel experiment. SETTING： Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Jiao Tohg University. MATERIALS： Sixty 129Sv/C57BL6J male wild mice, SPF grade, 8 - 12 weeks old, weighing 20 - 25 g, were provided by Experimental Animal Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. All the surgery operation was performed according to the rules of Shanghai Jiaotong University Animal Committee. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics （National Key Laboratory）, Department of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Jiao Ttong University from March to August 2006. ①Thirty-two male mice were randomly divided into control group and drug treatment group with 16 mice in each group. Surgery was carried out and 6-OHDA was administrated to substantia nigra pars compacta （SNpc） and nigra-striatum pathway according to the different parameters with intoxication apparatus. Saline was injected to the other 16 mice according to the same paradigm. 1 mg/kg apomorphine was injected intraperitoneally 2 weeks later after surgery to induce the imbalanced rotation behavior for 40 minutes. ②Twenty-eight mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 in each group, including low-dose, moderate-dose, high-dose groups and negative control group. Then, mice in the drug treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg MPTP for 9 successive days. In addition, mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of saline for 9 days. Pole test and stride length test were utilized to detect coordinative behavioral dysfunction. Mice were sacrificed 20 days after MPTP treatment, and histochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxynase （TH） was used to observe the loss of dopaminergic neuron in SNpc. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Success ratio of each model establishment method; ② inducible asymmetric cycle behavior test 2 weeks after 6-OHDA injection; ③behavioral dysfunction in pole test and stride length, morphological changes in brain tissue. RESULTS： Totally sixty mice were used in this experiment and 3 mice were excluded because of the hypersensitivity or the clumsy reaction in motor behavioral detection before MPTP treatment, therefore, data was analyzed with the rest 57 mice. ① Lethal ratio： Three out of 16 mice died in striatum injection group and 5 out of 16 mice died in nigro-striatal pathway group. No mouse died in MPTP treatment groups. ② Locomotor behavior： No dysfunction of locomotor was found in 6-OHDA treatment groups. However, several motor behavioral dysfunction were start to present at the 4th day of MPTP injection. ③ Asymmetric cycle behavior： No asymmetric cycle was induced successfully two weeks after 6-OHDA surgery. Mice show hypersensitive behavior 10 minutes after apomorphine injection, which lasted for about 20 minutes. ④ Pole test： From the 4^th day of MPTP treatment, mice started to display coordinate dysfunction, such as climbing down along the pole in spiral, moving slowly with hesitation. Some mice could not grab the pole and slide down along the pole at 4th day post injection. Comparing with 0 dose control group, all the threedrug treatment groups show significant different dysfunction from the 4th day to the 20th day post injection （P 〈 0.01）. ⑤ stride length test： Mice＇s stride length decreased, when treated with MPTP, and the mice in the high dose group displayed obviously. ⑥ Dopaminergic neuron stained with TH in nigra pars compacta： The results indicated that administrated MPTP （from low dose to high dose） by intraperitoneal cause chronic lesions on the dopaminergic neuron in the SNpc. CONCLUSION： PD mice models induced with 6-OHDA show high mortality ratio and no asymmetric cycle was found after apomorphine injection. However, injection of MPTP intraperitoneally can simulate the chronic pathway of PD, typical histological changes are found and stable motor behavioral dysfunctions are displayed.

Preparation of High Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for (S)-4-Phenyl-2-oxazolidinone

（S）-4-Phenyl-2-oxazolidinone imprinted polymers were prepared by using methacrylic acid （MAA） as the functional monomer, and divinylbenzene （DVB） as crosslinker. The factors, which influence the selectivity of the polymers were explored. Effective separation was observed for racemic 4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone in mobile phase of acetonitrile. The investigation of mobile phase suggested that the hydrogen bonds between template and functional monomer was a primary factor in chiral recognition, while the preparation of polymers implied that the л-л stacking interaction between template and crosslinker played a role in imprinting procedure.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Methyl 2-(Diphenylamino)-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate

The title compound, methyl 2-（diphenylamino）-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate, was synthesized and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The structure of the product was confirmed by IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These experimental studies were supported by quantum mechanical calculations. The structure was solved in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 9.573（3）, b = 19.533（7）, c = 9.876（3）, β = 92.35（4）°, V = 1845.2（10）3, T = 85（2） K, Z = 4, R = 0.040 and wR = 0.089 for 6424 observed reflections with I2σ（I）.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4,4'-(4-(1-Naphthyl)-4-phenyl-1,3-butadienylidene)-bis[N,N-diethylbenzenamine]

The title compound （C40H42N2） has been synthesized by the reaction of l-（l- naphthyl）-l-phenyl-3-chloropropylene and bis（4-（diethylamino） phenyl）methanone, and characterized by IR, ^1H NMR, MS and X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 17.047（3）, b = 10.807（2）, c = 18.494（4） A, β = 105.727（4）°, V= 3279.4（11） A^3, Mr = 550.76, Z = 4, Dc = 1.115 g/cm^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.085 mm^-1, F（000） = 1184, the final R = 0.0625 and wR = 0.1384 for 2276 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis reveals that the butadiene fragment adopts a planar cisiod conformation and makes a dihedral angel of 69.4（2）° with the naphthalene ring.

MADOPAR-INDUCED DYSKINESIA IN 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE (MPTP) HEMIPARKINSONIAN MONKEY MODEL

Infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into the right common carotid artery produced hemiparkinsonian syndrome on contralateral limbs in 5 rhesus monkeys. The hemiparkinsonian syndrome produced responded to madopar medication and the circling motion changed from toward the MPTP-treated side to away from the MPTP-treated side. Long term use of madopar developed a peak-dose dyskinesia of the face and limbs at the contralateral side. The toxic effect of MPTP was confirmed biochemically by reduction of nigrostriatal DA and histologically by degeneration of nigral neurons on the MPTP-treated side. It is concluded that this hemiparkinsonian monkey model will be of value in the elucidation of the neural mechanism underlying L-DOPA or DA agonists induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease and in the search for newer methods of treatment which would produce less dyskinesia.

Prenatal and Postnatal Exposures to 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra Hydropyridine (MPTP) Impaired Mouse Midbrain Dopamine System and May Produce a Predisposing and Inducing Model for Parkinson’s Disease

Dopamine cell bodies in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and with their terminals projecting to the neostriatum form the nigrostriatum and these dopamine neurons degenerate in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Based on metabolic and func- tional specialization of the cell bodies versus the axon terminals, the level and disposition of dopamine, its metabolites and enzymes are different in both regions and are likely to be affected differently in PD. We examined changes in the midbrain dopamine system following 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), to test the hypothesis that a predisposing/sensitization stage and a inducing/precipitating stage underlie PD. Pregnant mice were treated with a low dose of MPTP during gestation days 8 - 12 to model the predisposing/sensitization stage, by interrupting the fetal mid- brain dopamine system during its neurogenesis. For the inducing/precipitating stage, the 12-weeks offspring were ad- ministered MPTP. The prenatal-MPTP offspring appear normal, but midbrain dopamine, 3,4-di-hydroxy-phenyl-acetic- acid, 3-methoxytyramine, tyrosine-hydroxylase and L-aromatic-amino-acid-decarboxylase, were reduced by 49.6%, 48%, 54%, 20.9% and 25%. Postnatal-MPTP of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg administered to the prenatal-PBS vs prenatal-MPTP offspring reduced midbrain dopamine by 43.6%, 47.2%, 70.3% vs 85.4%, 89.1%, 95.2%;tyrosine-hydroxylase by 30%, 63%, 81% vs 30.7%, 70.4%, 91.4%;L-aromatic-amino-acid-decarboxylase by 0%, 2%, 40% vs 32%, 40%, 58%. The prenatal-MPTP may render the DA system sensitive by causing sub-threshold reduction of DA, its metabolites and en- zymes, enabling postnatal-MPTP to reduce dopamine above the 70% - 80% PD-inducing threshold. Thus, the study may produce a prenatal predisposing/sensitization and postnatal inducing/precipitation model of PD. It also indicates that some cases of PD may have a fetal basis, in which sub-threshold nigrostriatal impairments occur early in life and PD-symptoms are induced during aging by further insults to the dopaminergic system that would not cause PD symptoms in normal indi-viduals.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2,3-Diethoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5-morpholinyl Thiophene

The title compound 2, 3-diethoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5-morpholinylthiophene (C20H23NO5S, Mr=389. 47) was obtained by the reaction of a-thiobenzoylth-ioformmorpholine with diethyl acetylene dicarboxylate - The crystal is prismatic, spacegroup P1 ( 2), with unit cell constants 2337 observed reflections . X-ray analysis reveals that interatomic dis-tances for C(1 ) -C(2) and C(3) -C (4) are 1. 393 (4), 1. 370 (4) , respectively,which show that they are C=C double bond. The atoms of C(1 ), C(2), C(3), C(4)and S form a thiophene ring. The dihedral ang1es between thiophene ring and C(5) -C(6) -C(7) -C(8) plane, phenyl ring are 31. 42 and 43. 78, respectively. The mor-pholine ring adopts chair conformation.

THE EFFECTS OF DEPRENYL AND 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1, 2, 3, 6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE (MPTP) ON 2-DEOXYGLUCOSE UPTAKE IN THE MOUSE BRAIN

~3H-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiographic technique was used to study the ef feets of a monoamine-oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor deprenyl and the neurotoxin Ⅰ-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on 2-DG uptake in the mouse brain. Following MPTP intoxication, 2-DG uptake was increased in the substantia nigra and lo(?)us ceruleus. At the same time, obvious abnormal behavior of the animals was induced. In the mice pretreated with deprenyl, 2-DG uptake was similar to that of control animal. Ab normal behavior. though present, was significantly milder than in mice given MPTP alone. It is concluded that MPTP interferes with the glucose metabolism in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus and induces remarkable abnormal behavioral syndrome of mice. These deleterious effects can be blocked by pretreatment with deprenyl.

Neurotoxic mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetradropyridine

BACKGROUND ： To summarize the metabolic pathway of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetradropyridine （MPTP） and its mechanism in inducing Parkinson disease. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Medline database was undertaken to identify articles about the metabolic pathway of MPTP and its mechanism in inducing Parkinson disease published in English between January 1996 and August 2004, the keywords were ＂MPTP, Parkinson disease＂. Meanwhile, Chinese relevant articles published between January 2000 and August 2004 were searched in Wanfang database with the keywords of ＂MPTP, Parkinson disease＂. STUDY SELECTION： More than 300 relevant literatures were retrieved, and the full-texts were further searched, those about the establishment of animal models, molecular mechanism of MPTP neurotoxicity and the metabolism were selected, and the obviously repetitive ones, case report and reviews were excluded, finally 18 of them were selected for summarization. DATA EXTRACTION： The 18 literatures were categorized according to MPTP induced animal models of Parkinson disease, mechanism of MPTP in inducing apoptosis in models of Parkinson disease, role of dopamine in the neurotoxic mechanism of MPTP, the role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in the neurotoxicity of MPTP. DATA SYNTHESIS： Animal models of Parkinson disease induced by MPTP can not only produce the clinical characters of Parkinson disease, also duplicate the main biochemical and pathological changes of Parkinson disease. The metabolic pathway of MPTP and its mechanism in inducing Parkinson disease included producing free oxygen and nitric oxide, damaging mitochondrial respiratory chain, and inducing apoptosis, etc. which could all lead to the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons. CONCLUSION ： Although some aspects of the models of Parkinson disease are different from that in human beings, we can still know the neurodegeneration of Parkinson disease through studying the molecular mechanism of MPTP.

Facile Resolution of Racemic 4-Phenyl-2-hydroxy Butyrate via Enzymatic Esterification and Transesterification

The optically active R-4-phenyl-2-hydroxy butyrates were prepared by esterification of the racemic acid or transesterification of the racemic ester catalyzed by lipase from Candida cyclindra (CCL) in organic media.

Vapor Phase Ammoxidation of 4-Phenyl-o-Xylene into 4-Phenylphthalonitrile on V–Sb–Bi–Zr/<i>γ</i>-Al₂O₃Oxide Catalyst

Literature data dedicated to formation of 4-phenylphthalonitrile were analyzed and generalized. As a result of the own studies, it has been established that on V–Sb–Bi–Zr/γ-Al2O3-oxide catalyst ammoxidation gives 83.10 mol.% 4-phenylphthalonitrile at high conversion of the initial 4-phenyl-o-xylene in a single process. In connection with increased demand to purity of 4-phe-nylphthalonitrile at using and division problem of hard-separable impurity of crystal 4-phe-nylphthalimide, a variant of the technological process design with average conversion and recirculation of the unreacted 4-phenyl-o-xylene and intermediate 4-phenyl-o-tolunitrile was proposed. In contrast to the single process, it has been determined that recirculation reduces quantity of form by-products, fractions of deep oxidation and increases selectivity on 4-phenylphthalonitrile up to 96.14% - 97.72%. For the data analysis and visualization of results it is developed and offered the software package of OptimMe written in C#.

Mechanism of the Products Formation in the Vapor Phase Ammoxidation Reaction of 4-Phenyl-o-Xylene

On the basis of kinetic data of 4-phenyl-o-xylene and 4-phenyl-o-tolunitrile ammoxidation, formation mechanism of the products was analyzed and generalized. It has been shown that dissociative adsorption of a substrate and mononitrile occurs on the centers with high heats of adsorption of oxygen and as a consequence, completely covered with it, competitive adsorption of NH3 and O2 occurs on the centers with low heats of adsorption of the latter;mononitrile and dinitrile are formed correspondingly from adsorbed fragments of both substrate and NH3, and tolunitrile and NH3;surface interaction of adsorbed fragments of substrate and O2 with low heat of adsorption gives imide and CO2;hydrolysis of dinitrile into imide occurs on centers completely covered with ammonia;imide decarboxylation occurs on the centers covered with it;oxidative destruction of tolunitrile occurs on centers covered with substrate and mononitrile.

Formation of Hybrid Ring Structure of Cyanurate/Isocyanurate in the Reaction be-tween 2,4,6-Tris(4-Phenyl-Phenoxy)-1, 3,5-Triazine and Phenyl Glycidyl Ether

Reaction products of 2,4,6-tris(4-phenyl-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine derived from 4-phenylphenol cyanate ester and phenyl glycidyl ether were analyzed. In addition to an isocyanurate compound and an oxazolidone compound which were well known as reaction products of cyanate esters and epoxy resins, compounds with hybrid ring structure of cyanurate/isocyanurate were determined. Gibbs free energies of the compound having hybrid ring structure of cyanurate/isocyanurate with two isocyanurate moiety were found to be lower than that of the compound with cyanurate ring structure through calculations. Calculation data supported the existence of hybrid ring structure of cy-anurate/isocyanurate. It was revealed that isomerization from cyanurate to isocyanurate occurs via hybrid ring structure of cyanurate/isocyanurate in the reaction of aryl cyanurate and epoxy.

佛手多糖对1-甲基-4-苯基-吡啶离子诱导人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞损伤的保护作用研究

该文探究佛手多糖对1-甲基-4-苯基-吡啶离子(1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine ion,MPP+)诱导人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞损伤的保护作用及其机制。佛手多糖经大孔吸附树脂AB-8进行纯化。体外培养SH-SY5Y细胞,构建帕金森病(Parkinson′s disease,PD)细胞模型,实验分为对照组、MPP+模型组、佛手多糖组。采用噻唑蓝(methye thiazdye telrazlium,MTT)法检测细胞存活率,Hoechst33258染色法观察细胞形态,2′,7′-二氯荧光黄双乙酸盐荧光探针检测细胞活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平,JC-1荧光探针法检测线粒体膜电位,蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)检测磷酸化蛋白激酶B(phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-Akt)、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)、磷酸化细胞外调节蛋白激酶(phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2,p-ERK1/2)和细胞色素c(cytochrome c,Cyt-c)蛋白表达水平。结果表明,佛手多糖的得率4.86%,纯度为44.46%,经过AB-8纯化后,纯度提高到60.81%;与对照组相比,模型组细胞的存活率显著降低,Hoechst33258染色下可见细胞破碎,细胞核皱缩,细胞内ROS显著增加,线粒体膜电位显著降低。与模型组相比,佛手多糖组的细胞存活率显著增加,细胞形态明显得到改善,ROS水平下降,线粒体膜电位升高。Western blot结果显示,佛手多糖能抑制MPP+引起的p-Akt和p-ERK1/2的降低,以及Cyt-c的上升。综上,佛手多糖对MPP+诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能是通过调节线粒体ROS的产生和Cyt-c的释放,进而维持线粒体稳态,激活Akt信号通路和ERK信号通路,抑制细胞的凋亡,从而起到保护作用。研究结果可为缓解帕金森病的发生发展提供理论依据,同时也能更好地开发和利用佛手资源。

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

新型2-氨基-4-苯基-3-氰基-4H-吡喃并熊果酸衍生物的设计合成及活性研究

以熊果酸为原料,经过氧化、缩合、取代、环化四步反应得到2-氨基-4-苯基-3-氰基-4H-吡喃并熊果酸衍生物4a、4b和4c,其结构经过1H NMR、13C NMR、HRMS确证。采用CCK-8法评价化合物4a~4c对人非小细胞肺癌细胞株(A549)、人肺腺癌耐顺铂细胞株(A549/DDP)的抗增殖活性,化合物4a~4c对A549及A549/DDP细胞的抑制活性都优于阳性对照药物顺铂,其中化合物4b对A549/DDP细胞表现出良好的体外抑制活性[IC_(50)=(0.087±0.003)μmol/L]及选择性。

(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮的合成与表征

采用3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯乙醛与4-氨基安替比林以甲醇作为溶剂通过缩合反应合成了(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮。对所生成化合物采用乙醇进行结晶,5 d后获得浅黄色的晶体,其结构经X-射线单晶衍射表征,属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数a=12.0197(11),b=10.8239(10),c=13.3921(12),β=94.870(2)°,V=1736.0(3)3,Z=4,D x=1.780 mg·m-3,θ=2.4~25.5°,μ=4.69 mm-1,T=295(2)K,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪得到产物的红外光谱图。