It is posed in paper [1] that Zero energy-error can be used to realize the optimization of Combined hybrid finite element methods through adjusting the combined factor. In this paper, the optimization method is used t...It is posed in paper [1] that Zero energy-error can be used to realize the optimization of Combined hybrid finite element methods through adjusting the combined factor. In this paper, the optimization method is used to plane 4-node quadrilateral Combined hybrid scheme CH(0-1) which own 5 stress parameters with energy compatibility characteristic. Based on the optimization results, the analysis of components of element stiffness matrix, and the conclusions about numerical stability and convergence, this paper deduces that the optimal form of CH(0-1) element, is let the combined factor take 1, i.e., just base on Hellinger-Reissner variational principle, and take bilinear compatible displacement interpolation instead of enrich-strain Wilson's displacements interpolation for the orthgonality of 5-parameter stresses mode with the derived strain from Wilson bubble displacements and the weak force balance.展开更多
At present, methanol to propylene(MTP) technology developed by Lurgi Company is adopted for commercial plants and refined methanol with the purity ≥99.85 wt% is required as the feed of MTP unit in Lurgi's technol...At present, methanol to propylene(MTP) technology developed by Lurgi Company is adopted for commercial plants and refined methanol with the purity ≥99.85 wt% is required as the feed of MTP unit in Lurgi's technology.Therefore, high energy cost for refined methanol production is one of the bottlenecks to improve the economy of MTP technology. Reducing the grade of feed refined methanol may be an effective method to save energy and reduce operation costs in MTP process. In this work, experiments and process simulation were carried out to investigate the influence and feasibility of degrading the methanol feed. Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of crude methanol feed on conversion and selectivity of MTP reaction as well as the performance of ZSM-5 catalyst. The experimental results showed that degrading the methanol feed had no obvious influence on the conversion and selectivity of MTP reactions and the catalyst deactivation was caused by the carbon accumulation and metals deposition on the active sites. The process simulation results showed that the influence on the conversion and selectivity as well as the stream load of MTP process was negligible if 98 mol% methanol was used as feed. Finally, industrial experiments were conducted by adjusting the operation parameters to degrade of feed methanol of the commercial 500 kt·a^(-1) MTP unit of Ningmei Group in China. The results of industrial application illustrated that annually 180 kt fuel coal and 150 kt desalted water as well as 1770 MW·h^(-1) electricity would be saved when the water content increased from 0.01% to 0.4%. This work has identified the feasibility to improve MTP technology by degrading the methanol feed.展开更多
文摘It is posed in paper [1] that Zero energy-error can be used to realize the optimization of Combined hybrid finite element methods through adjusting the combined factor. In this paper, the optimization method is used to plane 4-node quadrilateral Combined hybrid scheme CH(0-1) which own 5 stress parameters with energy compatibility characteristic. Based on the optimization results, the analysis of components of element stiffness matrix, and the conclusions about numerical stability and convergence, this paper deduces that the optimal form of CH(0-1) element, is let the combined factor take 1, i.e., just base on Hellinger-Reissner variational principle, and take bilinear compatible displacement interpolation instead of enrich-strain Wilson's displacements interpolation for the orthgonality of 5-parameter stresses mode with the derived strain from Wilson bubble displacements and the weak force balance.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0601902)
文摘At present, methanol to propylene(MTP) technology developed by Lurgi Company is adopted for commercial plants and refined methanol with the purity ≥99.85 wt% is required as the feed of MTP unit in Lurgi's technology.Therefore, high energy cost for refined methanol production is one of the bottlenecks to improve the economy of MTP technology. Reducing the grade of feed refined methanol may be an effective method to save energy and reduce operation costs in MTP process. In this work, experiments and process simulation were carried out to investigate the influence and feasibility of degrading the methanol feed. Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of crude methanol feed on conversion and selectivity of MTP reaction as well as the performance of ZSM-5 catalyst. The experimental results showed that degrading the methanol feed had no obvious influence on the conversion and selectivity of MTP reactions and the catalyst deactivation was caused by the carbon accumulation and metals deposition on the active sites. The process simulation results showed that the influence on the conversion and selectivity as well as the stream load of MTP process was negligible if 98 mol% methanol was used as feed. Finally, industrial experiments were conducted by adjusting the operation parameters to degrade of feed methanol of the commercial 500 kt·a^(-1) MTP unit of Ningmei Group in China. The results of industrial application illustrated that annually 180 kt fuel coal and 150 kt desalted water as well as 1770 MW·h^(-1) electricity would be saved when the water content increased from 0.01% to 0.4%. This work has identified the feasibility to improve MTP technology by degrading the methanol feed.
